In paediatric oncology, imaging biomarkers play an increasing role in diagnostic imaging and research. They can be used for prediction, detection, staging, and grading of diseases, as well as for assessment of response to treatment. Imaging biomarkers are complementary to tissue-based biomarkers, enabling a more personalised approach in oncology care. In this white paper by the European Society of Paediatric Radiology (ESPR) Oncology Taskforce and European Association of Nuclear Medicine (EANM) Paediatrics Committee, an overview is given of the current knowledge on the use of imaging biomarkers in general and per tumour group.

Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet Copenhagen Denmark

Department of Diagnostic Imaging Nuclear Medicine and Interventional Radiology Sant Joan de Déu Barcelona Children's Hospital Barcelona Spain

Department of Nuclear Medicine Charité University Medicine Berlin Berlin Germany

Department of Radiology and Center for Pediatric Neuro Oncology 2nd Faculty of Medicine Charles University Prague and University Hospital in Motol Prague Czech Republic

Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Amsterdam University Medical Center Amsterdam Netherlands

Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Division Imaging and Oncology University Medical Center Utrecht Utrecht Netherlands

Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Division Imaging and Oncology University Medical Center Utrecht Wilhelmina Children's Hospital P O Box 85500 3508 GA Utrecht Netherlands

Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology Utrecht Netherlands

Department of Radiology Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital Rome Italy

Department of Radiology Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust and Institute of Cancer Research London United Kingdom

Department of Radiology University Medical Center Maribor Maribor Slovenia

Division of Pediatric Radiology Department of Radiology Universitätsklinikum Tübingen Tübingen Germany

Edward B Singleton Department of Radiology Texas Children's Hospital and Baylor College of Medicine Houston United States

Institute of Nuclear Medicine University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust London United Kingdom

Nuclear Medicine Department University Hospital of Padua Padua Italy

Radiological Institute Olgahospital Klinikum Stuttgart Stuttgart Germany

Radiology Department IRCCS Materno Infantile Burlo Garofolo Trieste Italy

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