Diseases of the fourth cranial (trochlear) nerve or its nucleus in the midbrain. The nerve crosses as it exits the midbrain dorsally and may be injured along its course through the intracranial space, cavernous sinus, superior orbital fissure, or orbit. Clinical manifestations include weakness of the superior oblique muscle which causes vertical DIPLOPIA that is maximal when the affected eye is adducted and directed inferiorly. Head tilt may be seen as a compensatory mechanism for diplopia and rotation of the visual axis. Common etiologies include CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA and INFRATENTORIAL NEOPLASMS.

Annotation

neopl: coord IM with CRANIAL NERVE NEOPLASMS (IM) + histol type of neopl (IM)

DUI

D020432 MeSH Browser

CUI

M0328652

Previous indexing

Cranial Nerve Diseases (1981-1999); Trochlear Nerve (1965-1999)

History note

2000

Public note

2000