BACKGROUND: Face transplantation is a novel option for patients with severe facial disfigurement. Quality of life (QoL) outcomes of face transplantation remain poorly understood. OBJECTIVES: We sought to evaluate psychosocial functioning among 6 patients undergoing facial transplantation. METHODS: We prospectively assessed depressive symptoms, health status, mental and physical QoL, and self-esteem at 3-month intervals for 2 years. Social desirability was assessed pretransplant. RESULTS: On average, before transplantation, patients generally reported minimal to subthreshold depressive symptoms, normal to high health status, normal mental-health QoL, slightly below normal physical-health QoL, and normal to high self-esteem. Most endorsed high social desirability. As patients recovered from surgery, hospitalization, and immunosuppression induction, physical-health QoL generally deteriorated 3 months posttransplantation. Posttransplant trajectories show that perceived health state improved; health status and mental and physical health-related QoL slightly improved; self-esteem remained stable and high; and overall depressive symptoms remained stable but 3 patients experienced a depressive episode. CONCLUSIONS: Pretransplant ceiling effects may render improvements difficult to quantify. Future research should use mixed methods including population-specific measures with demonstrated sensitivity to change.

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