There is evidence that brain lateralization underlying hemispheric specialization can be observed also at biochemical level. However, hemispheric differences in nitric oxide mediator system have not yet been evaluated. The hippocampus and planum temporale are highly asymmetrical regions but the degree of their laterality is altered in demented or psychotic people. In the study, l-glutamate/l-arginine/l-citrulline concentrations, nitric oxide synthase activities/expressions and nitrites/nitrates levels were estimated in autoptic hippocampi. Right/left laterality in endothelial synthase activity and in nitrites/nitrates was observed in controls. Lateral changes were estimated in patients with Alzheimer disease (a marked increase in activities of constitutive synthases and in expression of inducible enzyme in the left side) and schizophrenia (an increase in activities of all enzymes especially in the right side). Significant shifts from positive to negative correlations were found between laterality of some components of nitric oxide pathway and of planum temporale volumetry under pathological conditions. The hippocampal nitric oxide system appears to be globally right/left lateralized, especially via actions of highly asymmetrical endothelial synthase. The results suggest a specific involvement of all synthases in the development of selected diseases and show that lateral analyses are of sufficient sensitivity to reveal subtle links. The volumetric asymmetry of the planum temporale as a marker of handedness is not probably simply linked to brain laterality at biochemical level but reflects alterations due to pathological processes.

• MeSH
• Alzheimerova nemoc metabolismus   patologie   MeSH
• arginin metabolismus   MeSH
• citrulin metabolismus   MeSH
• dusičnany metabolismus   MeSH
• dusitany metabolismus   MeSH
• funkční lateralita MeSH
• glutamin metabolismus   MeSH
• hipokampus metabolismus   patologie   MeSH
• izoenzymy metabolismus   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• multiinfarktová demence metabolismus   patologie   MeSH
• oxid dusnatý MeSH
• schizofrenie metabolismus   patologie   MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• signální transdukce MeSH
• synthasa oxidu dusnatého metabolismus   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

INTRODUCTION: Previous studies of patients with unipolar depression have shown that early decrease of prefrontal EEG cordance in theta band can predict clinical response to various antidepressants. We have now examined whether decrease of prefrontal quantitative EEG (QEEG) cordance value after 1 week of venlafaxine treatment predicts clinical response to venlafaxine in resistant patients. METHOD: We analyzed 25 inpatients who finished 4-week venlafaxine treatment. EEG data were monitored at baseline and after 1 week of treatment. QEEG cordance was computed at three frontal electrodes in theta frequency band. Depressive symptoms and clinical status were assessed using Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS), Beck Depression Inventory-Short Form (BDI-S) and Clinical Global Impression (CGI). RESULTS: Eleven of 12 responders (reduction of MADRS >or=50%) and only 5 of 13 non-responders had decreased prefrontal QEEG cordance value after the first week of treatment (p=0.01). The decrease of prefrontal cordance after week 1 in responders was significant (p=0.03) and there was no significant change in non-responders. Positive and negative predictive values of cordance reduction for response were 0.7 and 0.9, respectively. CONCLUSION: The reduction of prefrontal theta QEEG cordance value after first week of treatment might be helpful in the prediction of response to venlafaxine.

• MeSH
• cyklohexanoly terapeutické užití   MeSH
• depresivní porucha unipolární diagnóza   farmakoterapie   patofyziologie   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• elektroencefalografie MeSH
• financování organizované MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• pasivně-agresivní osobnost diagnóza   epidemiologie   MeSH
• prediktivní hodnota testů MeSH
• prefrontální mozková kůra patofyziologie   MeSH
• selektivní inhibitory zpětného vychytávání serotoninu terapeutické užití   MeSH
• theta rytmus EEG MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH