The effects of selenium (Se) on antioxidant defense system in liver and kidneys of rats with cadmium (Cd)-induced toxicity were examined. Cd exposure (15 mg Cd/kg b.m./day as CdCl(2) for 4 weeks) resulted in increased lipid peroxidation (LP) in both organs (p<0.005 and p<0.01). Vitamin C (Vit C) was decreased in the liver (p<0.005), whereas vitamin E (Vit E) was increased in the liver and kidneys (p<0.005 and p<0.05) of Cd-exposed animals. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities were decreased in both tissues (p<0.05 and p<0.005), whereas catalase (CAT) activity was decreased only in liver (p<0.005). Glutathione S-transferase (GST) increased in both tissues (p<0.005 and p<0.01). Treatment with Se (0.5 mg Se/kg b.m./day as Na(2)SeO(3) for 4 weeks) significantly increased liver and kidneys SOD and GSH-Px activities (p<0.05 to p<0.005), as well as CAT and GST activities only in the liver (p<0.01). In animals exposed to Se, both the concentrations of Vit C (p<0.01) and Vit E (p<0.005) were increased in both tissues. Co-treatment with Se resulted in reversal of oxidative stress with significant decline in analyzed tissues Cd burden. Our results show that Se may ameliorate Cd-induced oxidative stress by decreasing LP and altering antioxidant defense system in rat liver and kidneys and that Se demonstrates the protective effect from cadmium-induced oxidative damage.
- MeSH
- antioxidancia farmakologie metabolismus MeSH
- chlorid kademnatý metabolismus toxicita MeSH
- financování organizované MeSH
- glutathionperoxidasa metabolismus MeSH
- glutathiontransferasa metabolismus MeSH
- játra enzymologie metabolismus účinky léků MeSH
- katalasa metabolismus MeSH
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- kyselina askorbová metabolismus MeSH
- látky znečišťující vzduch metabolismus toxicita MeSH
- ledviny enzymologie metabolismus účinky léků MeSH
- oxidační stres účinky záření MeSH
- peroxidace lipidů účinky záření MeSH
- sloučeniny selenu farmakologie MeSH
- superoxiddismutasa metabolismus MeSH
- vitamin E metabolismus MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
The effects of nitroglycerine (NTG) are mediated by liberated nitric oxide (NO) after NTG enzymatic bio-transformation in cells. The aim of this study was to evaluate some products of NTG bio-transformation and their consequences on the redox status of rat erythrocytes and reticulocytes, considering the absence and presence of functional mitochondria in these cells, respectively. Rat erythrocyte and reticulocyte-rich red blood cell (RBC) suspensions were aerobically incubated (2 h, 37 0C) without (control) or in the presence of different concentrations of NTG (0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 mM). In rat erythrocytes, NTG did not elevate the concentrations of any reactive nitrogen species (RNS). However, NTG robustly increased concentration of methemoglobin (MetHb), suggesting that NTG bio-transformation was primarily connected with hemoglobin (Hb). NTG-induced MetHb formation was followed by the induction of lipid peroxidation. In rat reticulocytes, NTG caused an increase in the levels of nitrite, peroxinitrite, hydrogen peroxide, MetHb and lipid peroxide levels, but it decreased the level of the superoxide anion radical. Millimolar concentrations of NTG caused oxidative damage of both erythrocytes and reticulocytes. These data indicate that two pathways of NTG bio-transformation exist in reticulocytes: one generating RNS and the other connected with Hb (as in erythrocytes). In conclusion, NTG bio-transformation is different in erythrocytes and reticulocytes due to the presence of mitochondria in the latter. .
- MeSH
- erytrocyty cytologie fyziologie účinky léků MeSH
- financování vládou MeSH
- interpretace statistických dat MeSH
- nitroglycerin analogy a deriváty farmakokinetika MeSH
- oxid dusnatý fyziologie chemie MeSH
- oxidace-redukce účinky léků MeSH
- oxidační stres účinky záření MeSH
- potkani Wistar krev MeSH
- retikulocyty cytologie fyziologie účinky léků MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- srovnávací studie MeSH
- MeSH
- adeninnukleotidy fyziologie MeSH
- energetický metabolismus účinky léků MeSH
- isosorbiddinitrát metabolismus MeSH
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- oxid dusnatý biosyntéza farmakologie MeSH
- retikulocyty metabolismus účinky léků MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- srovnávací studie MeSH
