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Autor
Barkhof, Frederik 2 Bellenberg, Barbara 2 Ciccarelli, Olga 2 Collorone, Sara 2 Gasperini, Claudio 2 Gonzalez-Escamilla, Gabriel 2 Groppa, Sergiu 2 Lukas, Carsten 2 Abdel-Mannan, Omar 1 Al-Araji, Sarmad 1 Bianchi, Alessia 1 Bisecco, Alvino 1 Bittner, Stefan 1 Brownlee, Wallace J 1 Brunetti, Arturo 1 Cagol, Alessandro 1 Calabrese, Massimiliano 1 Castellaro, Marco 1 Christensen, Ronja 1 Cocozza, Sirio 1
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Pracoviště
Centre for Medical Image Computing Departmen... 1 Centre for Medical Image Computing UCL Queen... 1 Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical ... 1 Department of Human Neurosciences Sapienza U... 1 Department of Information Engineering Univer... 1 Department of Medicine Surgery and Neuroscie... 1 Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical... 1 Department of Neuroinflammation Queen Square... 1 Department of Neurology Focus Program Transl... 1 Department of Neurology Medical Faculty Hein... 1 Department of Neurology Medical University o... 1 Department of Neurology Neuroimmunology Mult... 1 Department of Neurology Oslo University Hosp... 1 Department of Neurology Oslo University Hosp... 1 Department of Neurology St Josef Hospital Ru... 1 Department of Neurology University Medical C... 1 Department of Neurology and Center of Clinic... 1 Department of Neurology and Center of Clinic... 1 Department of Neuroradiology University Medi... 1 Department of Neurosciences Biomedicine and ... 1
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Pontillo, Giuseppe
Autor Pontillo, Giuseppe ORCID From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples "Federico II," Italy Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples, Italy Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples "Federico II" Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom
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Prados, Ferran
Autor Prados, Ferran ORCID From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples "Federico II," Italy Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples, Italy Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples "Federico II" Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom
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Colman, Jordan
Autor Colman, Jordan From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples "Federico II," Italy Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples, Italy Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples "Federico II" Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom
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Kanber, Baris
Autor Kanber, Baris From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples "Federico II," Italy Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples, Italy Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples "Federico II" Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom
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Abdel-Mannan, Omar
Autor Abdel-Mannan, Omar ORCID From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples "Federico II," Italy Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples, Italy Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples "Federico II" Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom
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Al-Araji, Sarmad
Autor Al-Araji, Sarmad From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples "Federico II," Italy Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples, Italy Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples "Federico II" Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom
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Bellenberg, Barbara
Autor Bellenberg, Barbara ORCID From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples "Federico II," Italy Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples, Italy Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples "Federico II" Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom
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Bianchi, Alessia
Autor Bianchi, Alessia ORCID From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples "Federico II," Italy Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples, Italy Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples "Federico II" Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom
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Bisecco, Alvino
Autor Bisecco, Alvino ORCID From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples "Federico II," Italy Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples, Italy Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples "Federico II" Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom
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Brownlee, Wallace J
Autor Brownlee, Wallace J ORCID From the Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (G.P., F.P., J.C., B.K., O.A.-M., S.A.-A., A. Bianchi, W.J.B., R. Christensen, E.C., S. Collorone, M.A.F., Y.H., A.H., S. Mohamud, R.N., A.T.T., J.W., C.Y., O.C., F.B.), Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom MS Center Amsterdam (G.P., H.V., F.B.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (G.P., A. Brunetti, S. Cocozza), University of Naples "Federico II," Italy Centre for Medical Image Computing (F.P., B.K., F.B.), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, United Kingdom E-Health Center (F.P.), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain Institute of Neuroradiology (B.B., C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (A. Bisecco, A.G.), University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples, Italy Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel (A.C., C. Granziera), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (A.C., C. Granziera, J.K.), MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences (M. Calabrese, M. Castellaro), University of Verona Department of Information Engineering (M. Castellaro), University of Padova Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience (R. Cortese, N.D.S.), University of Siena, Italy Department of Neurology (C.E., D.P.), Medical University of Graz, Austria Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F., M.A.R., P.V.), Milan Department of Neurosciences (C. Gasperini, S.R.), San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy Department of Neurology (G.G.-E., S.G.), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany Department of Neurology (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), Oslo University Hospital Institute of Clinical Medicine (H.F.F.H., E.A.H., G.O.N.), and Department of Psychology (E.A.H.), University of Oslo, Norway Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases (ImaginEM) (S.L., E.M.-H.), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Su, Barcelona, Spain Department of Neurology (C.L.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (S. Messina, J.P.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (M.M.), and Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences (M.P.), University of Naples "Federico II" Department of Human Neurosciences (M.P.), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy Section of Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, and Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (J.S.-G.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain MS Center Amsterdam (E.M.M.S.), Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.U.), and Department of Radiology (M.V.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic MS Center Amsterdam (M.M.S.), Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, the Netherlands Centre for Medical Image Computing (J.H.C.), Department of Computer Science, and Dementia Research Centre (J.H.C., F.B.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Disentangling brain aging from disease-related neurodegeneration in patients with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) is increasingly topical. The brain-age paradigm offers a window into this problem but may miss disease-specific effects. In this study, we investigated whether a disease-specific model might complement the brain-age gap (BAG) by capturing aspects unique to MS. METHODS: In this retrospective study, we collected 3D T1-weighted brain MRI scans of PwMS to build (1) a cross-sectional multicentric cohort for age and disease duration (DD) modeling and (2) a longitudinal single-center cohort of patients with early MS as a clinical use case. We trained and evaluated a 3D DenseNet architecture to predict DD from minimally preprocessed images while age predictions were obtained with the DeepBrainNet model. The brain-predicted DD gap (the difference between predicted and actual duration) was proposed as a DD-adjusted global measure of MS-specific brain damage. Model predictions were scrutinized to assess the influence of lesions and brain volumes while the DD gap was biologically and clinically validated within a linear model framework assessing its relationship with BAG and physical disability measured with the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS). RESULTS: We gathered MRI scans of 4,392 PwMS (69.7% female, age: 42.8 ± 10.6 years, DD: 11.4 ± 9.3 years) from 15 centers while the early MS cohort included 749 sessions from 252 patients (64.7% female, age: 34.5 ± 8.3 years, DD: 0.7 ± 1.2 years). Our model predicted DD better than chance (mean absolute error = 5.63 years, R2 = 0.34) and was nearly orthogonal to the brain-age model (correlation between DD and BAGs: r = 0.06 [0.00-0.13], p = 0.07). Predictions were influenced by distributed variations in brain volume and, unlike brain-predicted age, were sensitive to MS lesions (difference between unfilled and filled scans: 0.55 years [0.51-0.59], p < 0.001). DD gap significantly explained EDSS changes (B = 0.060 [0.038-0.082], p < 0.001), adding to BAG (ΔR2 = 0.012, p < 0.001). Longitudinally, increasing DD gap was associated with greater annualized EDSS change (r = 0.50 [0.39-0.60], p < 0.001), with an incremental contribution in explaining disability worsening compared with changes in BAG alone (ΔR2 = 0.064, p < 0.001). DISCUSSION: The brain-predicted DD gap is sensitive to MS-related lesions and brain atrophy, adds to the brain-age paradigm in explaining physical disability both cross-sectionally and longitudinally, and may be used as an MS-specific biomarker of disease severity and progression.
- MeSH
- deep learning * MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- longitudinální studie MeSH
- magnetická rezonanční tomografie * MeSH
- mozek * diagnostické zobrazování patologie MeSH
- neurodegenerativní nemoci diagnostické zobrazování MeSH
- průřezové studie MeSH
- retrospektivní studie MeSH
- roztroušená skleróza * diagnostické zobrazování patologie MeSH
- stárnutí * patologie fyziologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- multicentrická studie MeSH
NLK
Free Medical Journals
od 1996 do Před 1 rokem
Open Access Digital Library
od 1996-01-01
PubMed
37642541
DOI
10.1093/brain/awad288
Knihovny.cz E-zdroje
The identification of prognostic markers in early multiple sclerosis (MS) is challenging and requires reliable measures that robustly predict future disease trajectories. Ideally, such measures should make inferences at the individual level to inform clinical decisions. This study investigated the prognostic value of longitudinal structural networks to predict 5-year Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) progression in patients with relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS). We hypothesized that network measures, derived from MRI, outperform conventional MRI measurements at identifying patients at risk of developing disability progression. This longitudinal, multicentre study within the Magnetic Resonance Imaging in MS (MAGNIMS) network included 406 patients with RRMS (mean age = 35.7 ± 9.1 years) followed up for 5 years (mean follow-up = 5.0 ± 0.6 years). EDSS was determined to track disability accumulation. A group of 153 healthy subjects (mean age = 35.0 ± 10.1 years) with longitudinal MRI served as controls. All subjects underwent MRI at baseline and again 1 year after baseline. Grey matter atrophy over 1 year and white matter lesion load were determined. A single-subject brain network was reconstructed from T1-weighted scans based on grey matter atrophy measures derived from a statistical parameter mapping-based segmentation pipeline. Key topological measures, including network degree, global efficiency and transitivity, were calculated at single-subject level to quantify network properties related to EDSS progression. Areas under receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed for grey matter atrophy and white matter lesion load, and the network measures and comparisons between ROC curves were conducted. The applied network analyses differentiated patients with RRMS who experience EDSS progression over 5 years through lower values for network degree [H(2) = 30.0, P < 0.001] and global efficiency [H(2) = 31.3, P < 0.001] from healthy controls but also from patients without progression. For transitivity, the comparisons showed no difference between the groups [H(2) = 1.5, P = 0.474]. Most notably, changes in network degree and global efficiency were detected independent of disease activity in the first year. The described network reorganization in patients experiencing EDSS progression was evident in the absence of grey matter atrophy. Network degree and global efficiency measurements demonstrated superiority of network measures in the ROC analyses over grey matter atrophy and white matter lesion load in predicting EDSS worsening (all P-values < 0.05). Our findings provide evidence that grey matter network reorganization over 1 year discloses relevant information about subsequent clinical worsening in RRMS. Early grey matter restructuring towards lower network efficiency predicts disability accumulation and outperforms conventional MRI predictors.
- MeSH
- atrofie patologie MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- magnetická rezonanční tomografie metody MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mozek diagnostické zobrazování patologie MeSH
- prognóza MeSH
- progrese nemoci MeSH
- relabující-remitující roztroušená skleróza * diagnostické zobrazování patologie MeSH
- roztroušená skleróza * diagnostické zobrazování patologie MeSH
- šedá hmota diagnostické zobrazování patologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- multicentrická studie MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
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