Background: Reports from schools indicate that adolescents with learning disabilities (LD) frequently show risk-taking behaviour (RTB), but evidence is lacking. The aim of the study was to assess the associations between LD status and RTBs among Slovak adolescents and to explore whether family affluence and family composition have a moderating or mediating role in these associations. Data from the Slovak national HBSC study 2014 were analyzed. The sample comprised 1549 15-year-old adolescents (mean age: 15.4; 52.5% boys). RTBs were defined as early sexual experience, truancy, fighting, bullying, early smoking initiation and drunkenness. The associations between LD status and RTBs were assessed using binary logistic regression; the mediating as well as moderating role of family affluence and family composition was explored as well. Adolescents with LD are two times more likely to be engaged in early sexual experiences (OR 2.39; 95% CI 1.45-3.95), fighting (OR 1.72; 95% CI 1.01-2.95) and bullying (OR 2.08; 95% CI 1.26-3.44), but not in early smoking initiation, drunkenness or truancy. Family affluence and family composition did not moderate or mediate these associations. Adolescents with LD are at high risk of early sexual experiences, fighting and bullying but not of smoking initiation, drunkenness or truancy. Non-intact and poor families do not increase the risks associated with LD status of adolescents; however, in these families adolescents with LD are more prevalent.
- MeSH
- chování mladistvých psychologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- poruchy učení epidemiologie psychologie MeSH
- prevalence MeSH
- riskování * MeSH
- sexuální chování statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- šikana statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Slovenská republika epidemiologie MeSH
OBJECTIVES: Participation in organized activities is related with a range of positive outcomes, but the way such participation is measured has not been scrutinized. Test-retest reliability as an important indicator of a scale's reliability has been assessed rarely and for "The scale of participation in organized activities" lacks completely. This test-retest study is based on the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children study and is consistent with its methodology. METHODS: We obtained data from 353 Czech (51.9 % boys) and 227 Slovak (52.9 % boys) primary school pupils, grades five and nine, who participated in this study in 2013. We used Cohen's kappa statistic and single measures of the intraclass correlation coefficient to estimate the test-retest reliability of all selected items in the sample, stratified by gender, age and country. RESULTS: We mostly observed a large correlation between the test and retest in all of the examined variables (κ ranged from 0.46 to 0.68). Test-retest reliability of the sum score of individual items showed substantial agreement (ICC = 0.64). CONCLUSIONS: The scale of participation in organized activities has an acceptable level of agreement, indicating good reliability.
- MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- průzkumy a dotazníky normy MeSH
- reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
- účast komunity statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- volnočasové aktivity * MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
- Slovenská republika MeSH
OBJECTIVES: Better assessment of the reliability of the physical activity and sedentary behaviour items across countries in all WHO regions is highly needed. The aim of the study was to examine the test-retest reliability of selected physical activity and sedentary behaviour items of the HBSC questionnaire in Czech, Slovak and Polish adolescents. METHODS: We obtained data from 693 Czech, Slovak and Polish (50.9% boys) primary school pupils, grades five (mean age = 11.08; SD = 0.45) and nine (mean age = 15.12; SD = 0.45), who participated in a test-retest study in 2013. We used the single measures of Intraclass Correlation Coefficients (ICC) and Cohen's Kappa statistic to estimate the test-retest reliability of all selected items within the sample and stratified by gender, age group and country. RESULTS: Both physical activity items (VPA and MVPA) and most of the sedentary behaviour items showed moderate agreement (ICC 0.41-0.60) and a similarly moderate correlation (Cohen's Kappa 0.3-0.5) after dichotomization. CONCLUSIONS: The physical activity and sedentary behaviour items of the HBSC questionnaire seem to be at the borderline of reliability to be used in adolescents.
- MeSH
- chování dětí MeSH
- chování mladistvých MeSH
- cvičení * MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- interpretace statistických dat MeSH
- interval spolehlivosti MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- průzkumy a dotazníky normy MeSH
- reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
- sedavý životní styl * MeSH
- sexuální faktory MeSH
- věkové faktory MeSH
- zdravé chování * MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- srovnávací studie MeSH
- validační studie MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
- Polsko MeSH
- Slovenská republika MeSH
AIM: Physical and screen-based activity in adolescents plays a crucial role in future health outcomes. Therefore, the aim of the study was to examine the associations of physical activity and screen-based activity with behavioural and psychosocial characteristics of school-aged children. METHODS: Data on 11, 13 and 15 years old elementary school pupils (N=9,014; mean age=13.59) who participated in the cross-sectional Health Behaviour in School-aged Children 2009/2010 study in the Czech Republic and the Slovak Republic were analyzed. The associations of vigorous physical activity and screen-based activity with substance use, violent behaviour, eating habits and school-related outcomes adjusted for age were explored using logistic regression. RESULTS: Vigorous physical activity was positively associated with some of the health-related behaviours (smoking, breakfast consumption, vegetable and fruit consumption) and school related outcomes (perceived school achievement and school pressure), with gender and country based differences. Screen-based activity was significantly associated with all examined health-related behaviours and school related outcomes with only some country and gender based differences. CONCLUSIONS: Vigorous physical activity is positively associated with healthy development of adolescents. Screen-based behaviour shows an inverse relationship with adolescents' healthy development, especially in the group of 11 and 13 years old children. Supporting physical activity conducive environments might lead to a reduction in screen-based behaviour in adolescents and should be highlighted in health-promoting strategies.
- MeSH
- chování mladistvých * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- počítače využití MeSH
- pohybová aktivita * MeSH
- průřezové studie MeSH
- sedavý životní styl * MeSH
- sociální opora MeSH
- televize využití MeSH
- úspěšnost MeSH
- vývoj mladistvých * MeSH
- zdravé chování * MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
- Slovenská republika MeSH
BACKGROUND: Roma are the most deprived ethnic minority in Slovakia, suffering from discrimination, poverty and social exclusion. Problematic access to good quality health care as result of institutional and interpersonal discrimination affects their health; therefore, factors which affect health care accessibility of Roma are of high importance for public health and policy makers. The aim of this study was to explore the association between health care accessibility problems and ethnicity and how different levels of social support from family and friends affect this association. METHODS: We used data from the cross-sectional HepaMeta study conducted in 2011 in Slovakia. The final sample comprised 452 Roma (mean age = 34.7; 35.2% men) and 403 (mean age = 33.5; 45.9% men) non-Roma respondents. RESULTS: Roma in comparison with non-Roma have a more than 3-times higher chance of reporting health care accessibility problems. Social support from family and friends significantly decreases the likelihood of reporting health care accessibility problems in both Roma and non-Roma, while the family seems to be the more important factor. CONCLUSION: The worse access to health care of Roma living in so-called settlements seems to be partially mediated by social support. Interventions should focus on Roma health mediators and community workers who can identify influential individuals who are able to change a community's fear and distrust and persuade and teach Roma to seek and appropriately use health care services.
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- dostupnost zdravotnických služeb * MeSH
- kvalitativní výzkum MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- přátelé * etnologie MeSH
- průřezové studie MeSH
- rodina * etnologie MeSH
- Romové * MeSH
- rozhovory jako téma MeSH
- sociální opora * MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- srovnávací studie MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Slovenská republika MeSH
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to compare socioeconomic characteristics of the Roma population living in Roma settlements with the majority population. Moreover, it was aimed to assess socioeconomic differences in health and health-related behaviour within the population living in Roma settlements. METHODS: Data from the cross-sectional HepaMeta study conducted in Slovakia in 2011 were used. The sample consisted of 452 Roma (mean age = 34.7; 35.2% men) and 403 non-Roma (mean age = 33.5; 45.9% men) respondents. Roma in selected settlements were recruited by local Roma community workers. Respondents from the major population were randomly selected from a list of patients from general practitioners. Data were collected via questionnaire, anthropometric measures and analysed blood samples. Differences in socioeconomic characteristics between the population living in Roma settlements and the majority population were tested using the chi-square test. The contribution of selected socioeconomic characteristics on health and health-related behaviour of the population living in Roma settlements was assessed by logistic regression models adjusted for age and gender. RESULTS: The population living in Roma settlements is characterised by significantly lower socioeconomic standards, and the living conditions are significantly worse compared with the majority. With few exceptions, the study did not confirm any significant association between socioeconomic indicators and health and health-related behaviour within the population living in Roma settlements. CONCLUSIONS: The deteriorating effect of living in Roma settlement on health and health-related behaviour seems to be immense regardless differences in socioeconomic characteristics or living condition within the settlement population.
- MeSH
- charakteristiky bydlení statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- odds ratio MeSH
- průřezové studie MeSH
- průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
- Romové etnologie statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- rozložení podle pohlaví MeSH
- socioekonomické faktory MeSH
- společenská třída * MeSH
- věkové rozložení MeSH
- venkovské obyvatelstvo statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- zdravé chování etnologie MeSH
- zdravotní stav * MeSH
- zdravotnické přehledy metody MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Slovenská republika MeSH
VÝCHODISKA: Sedavé chování a nedostatečná úroveň pohybové aktivity u dětí jsou klíčovými faktory pro pohybově inaktivní chování v dospělém věku spojené s rostoucí prevalencí hromadných neinfekčních onemocnění v populaci ČR. CÍLE: Cílem studie bylo analyzovat pohybovou inaktivitu se zaměřením na pasivní trávení volného času (čas strávený u televize a počítače) u dětí školního věku v České republice. METODIKA: Pro zjištění času stráveného před obrazovkou televize a počítače byla využita data náhodně vybraného souboru 11 – 15 letých žáků základních škol ČR (n = 4425). Výzkumný sběr dat byl realizován v rámci mezinárodního výzkumu Health Behaviour in School Aged Children v červnu 2010. Pro statistické zpracování výsledků a zjišťování rozdílů mezi jednotlivými věkovými kategoriemi děvčat a chlapců bylo využito logistické regresní analýzy v programu SPSS Statistics 20. VÝSLEDKY: Více než 55 % dívek a 60 % chlapců tráví v pracovním týdnu před obrazovkou televize, DVD nebo videa více než 2 hodiny denně, nejvíce takto stráveného času jsme zaznamenali u 13letých respondentů. Zatímco hraní her na PC nebo Playstationu zaujímá více než 2 hodiny denně u nadpoloviční většiny chlapců, pro dívky je typičtější „chatování“, „brouzdání po internetu“ nebo „e-mailování“. S věkem stoupá podíl dětí, které tráví u počítače 2 a více hodiny denně. ZÁVĚRY: Problém zvyšující se úrovně sedavého způsobu chování u dětí ve volném čase by měl být řešen společně s intervencemi zaměřenými na zvýšení realizace pohybové aktivity u dětí v rámci národní, regionální i komunální politiky podpory pohybové aktivity a zdraví v ČR.
BACKGROUND: Sedentary behaviour and an insufficient level of physical activity in children are the key factors leading to physically inactive behaviour in adulthood associated with the growing prevalence of mass non-communicable diseases in the population of the Czech Republic. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to analyze sedentary lifestyle, focusing on passive leisure (time spent watching television and using computer) in school-aged children in the Czech Republic. METHODS: To determine the time spent watching television and using computer, data of a randomly selected set of 11 to 15 year old elementary school children in the Czech Republic (n = 4425) was used. Research data collection was conducted within an international research project Health Behaviour in School Aged Children in June 2010. For statistical processing of results and identification of differences between various age groups of girls and boys, logistic regression analysis in SPSS Statistics 20 programme was used. RESULTS: More than 55% of girls and 60% of boys spend over 2 hours a day in a working week in front of the TV, DVD, video; most of the time was recorded for 13 year old respondents. While playing games on the PC or Playstation occupies more than 2 hours per day for more than a half of boys, for girls more typical is “chatting”, “surfing the Internet” or “e-mailing”. With age, the proportion of children who spend 2 or more hours a day using computer increases. CONCLUSIONS: The problem of an increasing level of sedentary behaviour in children in their leisure should be addressed together with interventions aimed at increasing the levels of physical activity in children in the national, regional and local policies to encourage physical activity and health in the Czech Republic.
