V roce 2023 bylo v České republice u 6156 osob (4960 žen a 1196 mužů) hlášeno celkem 7001 profesionálních onemocnění, z toho bylo 6937 nemocí z povolání a 64 ohrožení nemocí z povolání. Incidence profesionálních onemocnění představovala 147,3 případů na 100 tisíc nemocensky pojištěných zaměstnanců v civilním sektoru, vztaženo k prvnímu pololetí 2023. Nejvíce profesionálních onemocnění bylo hlášeno z Olomouckého kraje (1065, tj. 15,2 % případů) a z Plzeňského kraje (1059, tj. 15,1 % případů). Nejčastěji onemocněli pracovníci v Sekci ekonomické činnosti Q „zdravotní a sociální péče“ (CZ-NACE Q86-89 celkem 6196, tj. 88,5 % případů). V kategorii nemocí z povolání byla nejčastěji zastoupena diagnóza COVID-19 (6285, tj. 89,8 % případů). Přitom 96,6 % onemocnění COVID-19 hlášených v tomto roce vzniklo již v letech 2020–2022. U ohrožení nemocí z povolání dominoval syndrom karpálního tunelu (55, tj. 85,9 % případů).
A total of 7,001 cases of occupation-related diseases in 6,156 persons (4,960 women and 1,196 men) were reported in the Czech Republic in 2023. Of those, 6,937 were occupational diseases and 64 cases were given the status of “endangerment by an occupational disease”. The incidence of occupational diseases was 147.3 cases per 100,000 health-insured employees in the public sector. Most of the occupational diseases occurred in the Olomouc region (1,065 cases, i.e., 15.2%) and Pilsen region (1,059 cases, i.e. 15.1%). Most of the recognized cases occurred in the economic sector Q “Health and Social Care” (CZ-NACE Q86-88 – a total of 6,196 cases, i.e. 88.5%). COVID-19 (6,285 cases, i.e. 89.8%) was the most frequently reported occupational disease. However, about 96.6% of COVID-19 cases reported this year already occurred in 2020 and 2022. The carpal tunnel syndrome predominated among the cases reported as “endangerment by an occupational disease” (55 cases, i.e., 85.9%).
Aim: To find a practical biomonitoring method for researchers exposed to nanoparticles causing oxidative stress. Methods: In a continuation of a study in 2016-2018, biological samples (plasma, urine and exhaled breath condensate [EBC]) were collected in 2019-2020 from 43 researchers (13.8 ± 3.0 years of exposure) and 45 controls. Antioxidant status was assessed using glutathione (GSH) and ferric-reducing antioxidant power, while oxidative stress was measured as thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, all using spectrophotometric methods. Researchers' personal nanoparticle exposure was monitored. Results: Plasma GSH was elevated in researchers both before and after exposure (p < 0.01); postexposure plasma GSH correlated with nanoparticle exposure, and GSH in EBC increased. Conclusion: The results suggest adaptation to chronic exposure to nanoparticles, as monitored by plasma and EBC GSH.
- Publikační typ
- abstrakt z konference MeSH
- MeSH
- hlášení nemocí statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nemoci z povolání * epidemiologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
V roce 2022 bylo v České republice u 6996 osob (5551 žen a 1445 mužů) hlášeno celkem 7439 profesionálních onemocnění, z toho bylo 7383 nemocí z povolání a 56 ohrožení nemocí z povolání. Incidence profesionálních onemocnění představovala 157,6 případů na 100 tisíc nemocensky pojištěných zaměstnanců v civilním sektoru, vztaženo k prvnímu pololetí 2022. Nejvíce profesionálních onemocnění bylo hlášeno z Olomouckého kraje (1465, tj. 19,7 % případů) a z Moravskoslezského kraje (977, tj. 13,1 % případů). Nejčastěji onemocněli pracovníci v Sekci ekonomické činnosti Q „zdravotní a sociální péče“ (CZ-NACE Q86-89 celkem 6752, tj. 90,8 % případů). V kategorii nemocí z povolání byla nejčastěji zastoupena diagnóza COVID-19 (6748, tj. 91,4 % případů). Přitom 81,4 % onemocnění COVID-19 hlášených v tomto roce vzniklo již v roce 2020 a 2021. U ohrožení nemocí z povolání dominoval syndrom karpálního tunelu (45, tj. 80,4 % případů).
A total of 7,439 cases of occupation-related diseases in 6,996 persons (5,551 women and 1,445 men) were reported in the Czech Republic in 2022. Of those, 7,383 were occupational diseases and 56 cases were given the status of “endangerment by an occupational disease”. The incidence of occupational diseases was 157.6 cases per 100,000 health-insured employees in the public sector. Most of the occupational diseases occurred in the Olomouc region (1,465 cases, i.e. 19.7%) and Moravian- Silesian region (977 cases, i.e. 13.1%). Most of the recognized cases occurred in the economic sector Q “Health and Social Care” (CZ-NACE Q86-88 – a total of 6,752 cases, i.e. 90.8%). COVID-19 (6,748 cases, i.e. 91.4%) was the most frequently reported occupational disease. However, about 81.4% of COVID-19 cases reported this year already occurred in 2020 and 2021. The carpal tunnel syndrome predominated among the cases reported as “endangerment by an occupational disease” (45 cases, i.e. 80.4%).
- MeSH
- incidence MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nemoci z povolání * epidemiologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
- Publikační typ
- abstrakt z konference MeSH
V roce 2021 bylo v České republice u 5890 osob (4641 žen a 1249 mužů) hlášeno celkem 6043 profesionálních onemocnění, z toho bylo 5991 nemocí z povolání a 52 ohrožení nemocí z povolání. Incidence profesionálních onemocnění představovala 128,9 případů na 100 tisíc nemocensky pojištěných zaměstnanců v civilním sektoru, vztaženo k prvnímu pololetí 2021. Nejvíce profesionálních onemocnění bylo hlášeno z Moravskoslezského kraje (1216, tj. 20,1 % případů) a z Olomouckého kraje (1053, tj. 17,4 % případů). Nejčastěji onemocněli pracovníci v Sekci ekonomické činnosti Q „zdravotní a sociální péče“ (CZ-NACE Q86-89 celkem 5402, tj. 89,4 % případů). V kategorii nemocí z povolání byla nejčastěji zastoupena diagnóza COVID-19 (5369, tj. 89,6 % případů). Vzhledem k relativně dlouhé době latence mezi onemocněním a uznáním za nemoc z povolání pochází většina těchto případů z roku 2020, zatímco většina případů COVID-19 vzniklých v roce 2021 se objeví ve statistice až v roce 2022. U ohrožení nemocí z povolání dominoval syndrom karpálního tunelu (40, tj. 76,9 % případů).
A total of 6,043 cases of occupation-related diseases in 5,890 persons (4,641 women and 1,249 men) were reported in the Czech Republic in 2021. Of these, 5,991 were occupational diseases and 52 cases were given the status of “endangerment by an occupational disease”. The incidence of occupational diseases was 128.9 cases per 100,000 health-insured employees in the public sector. Most of the occupational diseases occurred in the Moravian-Silesian region (1,216 cases, i.e., 20.1%) and Olomouc region (1,053 cases, i.e., 17.4%). Most of the recognized cases occurred in the economic sector Q “Health and Social Care” (CZ-NACE Q86-88 – a total of 5,402 cases, i.e., 89.4%). COVID-19 (5,369 cases, i.e., 89.6%) was the most frequently reported occupational disease. Because of the long latency between the disease and the acknowledgment of an occupational disease, most of those cases occurred in 2020, while most cases of 2021 will appear in the statistics in 2022. The carpal tunnel syndrome predominated among the cases reported as “endangerment by an occupational disease” (40 cases, i.e., 76.9%).
- MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nemoci z povolání * epidemiologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
OBJECTIVES: In the Czech Republic, asbestos has been classified as a known human carcinogen since 1984. The use of asbestos-containing products was limited to scenarios where the use of other materials was not possible. Since 1997, the manufacture of asbestos materials has been forbidden, and in 1999, the import, manufacture and distribution of all types of asbestos fibres was legally banned by Act No. 157/1998 Coll. Although the use of asbestos is forbidden, the risk of exposure still exists given the ongoing demolition and reconstruction of buildings in which asbestos has been used. In addition, a novel risk has arisen through the quarrying of asbestos-containing aggregates and their subsequent use. The aim of this paper was to describe and evaluate asbestos in terms of history, legislation, current risk of occupational exposure and its health consequences in the Czech Republic over the last three decades. METHODS: This retrospective descriptive study used the collected data on occupational exposure and occupational diseases. The counts of workers occupationally exposed to asbestos were obtained from the Registry of Work Categorization; the numbers and structure of occupational diseases caused by asbestos were taken from the Czech National Registry of Occupational Diseases. Data on the total number of mesothelioma cases recorded in the Czech National Cancer Registry was provided by the Institute of Health Information and Statistics of the Czech Republic. RESULTS: A total of 13,112 subjects were registered as occupationally exposed to asbestos during the period 2001-2020. A total of 687 cases of asbestos-related occupational diseases were reported in the period 1991-2020 in the Czech Republic, comprising 178 cases of asbestosis, 250 cases of pleural hyalinosis, 168 cases of pleural or peritoneal mesothelioma, 90 cases of lung cancer, and one case of laryngeal cancer. The data from the Czech National Cancer Registry, available for a shorter period (1991-2018), reveal 1,389 cases of mesothelioma, of which only ~11% were recognised as occupational, despite the fact that the occupational causality of mesotheliomas is estimated to be up to 90% of mesotheliomas. Moreover, the latency of mesotheliomas since the last occupational exposure reached up to 50 years and this trend is still slightly increasing, unlike asbestosis, where a high cumulative dose of inhaled asbestos is needed. The real proportion of occupational lung cancers may obviously be even higher, especially in smokers, where occupational causes including asbestos are not suspected by most physicians. CONCLUSION: Czech data on asbestos-related occupational diseases, especially cancers, are grossly underestimated, which is most apparent through the low proportion of mesotheliomas diagnosed as occupational. Asbestos materials in older buildings remained in situ and may represent a danger during reconstruction works. The current source of exposure appears to be quarrying of asbestos-containing aggregate and its subsequent use. Awareness of the professional community is therefore crucial, not only for the possibility of compensating those affected, but also for the early detection of the diseases through the dispensary of exposed persons.
- MeSH
- azbest * toxicita MeSH
- azbestóza epidemiologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mezoteliom epidemiologie MeSH
- nádory plic epidemiologie MeSH
- nemoci z povolání * epidemiologie MeSH
- pracovní expozice * škodlivé účinky MeSH
- retrospektivní studie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
- Publikační typ
- abstrakt z konference MeSH
- MeSH
- hlášení nemocí statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nemoci z povolání epidemiologie MeSH
- oznamovací povinnost MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
