Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition with increasing incidence. Recent evidences suggest glial cells involvement in autism pathophysiology. S100B is a calcium binding protein, mainly found in astrocytes and therefore used as a marker of their activity. In our study, children with autism had higher plasma concentrations of S100B compared to non-autistic controls. No association of S100B plasma levels with behavioral symptoms (ADI-R and ADOS-2 scales) was found. Plasma S100B concentration significantly correlated with urine serotonin, suggesting their interconnection. Correlation of plasma S100B levels with stool calprotectin concentrations was found, suggesting not only brain astrocytes, but also enteric glial cells may take part in autism pathogenesis. Based on our findings, S100B seems to have a potential to be used as a biomarker of human neurodevelopmental disorders, but more investigations are needed to clarify its exact role in pathomechanism of autism.
- MeSH
- autistická porucha krev moč MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- feces chemie MeSH
- leukocytární L1-antigenní komplex analýza MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- S-100 kalcium vázající protein G, podjednotka beta krev MeSH
- serotonin moč MeSH
- studie případů a kontrol MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Biomechanical properties of erythrocytes play an important role in health and disease. Deformability represents intrinsic property of erythrocytes to undergo deformation that is crucial for their passage through the narrow capillaries. The erythrocyte damage can lead to compromised tissue perfusion and consequently play a role in the pathogenesis of various diseases including neurological ones. Data available in databases indicate that erythrocytes in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are altered. This may affect the clinical symptoms of ASD. The aim of our study was to determine erythrocyte deformability in 54 children with ASD and correlate it with clinical symptoms. We found significant negative correlation between erythrocyte deformability and score in C domain of the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R) diagnostic tool describing the measure of restrictive, repetitive, and stereotyped behaviors and interests, mainly observable in C1 and C2, but not in C3 and C4 subdomains. This supports the findings of other authors and suggest that behavioral domain C comprises of more subcategories with different underlying etiology. Our results also indicate that abnormalities in erythrocyte deformability may be involved in ASD pathomechanisms and contribute to its clinical manifestation. Further research is necessary to bring more data and identify erythrocyte deformability as prognostic biomarker in ASD.
Adekvátny príjem kvalitatívne i kvantitatívne vyváženej potravy je u detí a adolescentov nevyhnutný pre zdravý psychosomatický vývin. V súčasnosti sa pozornosť odborníkov zameriava najmä na prevenciu nadmerného prísunu kalórii u detí, napriek tomu však podľa výskumov 3–4 % detí trpí závažným odmietaním jedla bez známej somatickej príčiny, označovaným ako psychogénna strata chuti do jedla. V liečbe tejto poruchy sa v súčasnosti najčastejšie uplatňuje „vyčkávacia“ metóda, preukázalo sa však, že najúčinnejšou intervenciou sú techniky založené na behaviorálnej terapii. Cieľom našej práce je popísať základné etiologické aspekty psychogénnej straty chuti do jedla a prezentovať techniky, ktoré sa vo svete najviac využívajú v psychoterapii tejto poruchy. Techniky vychádzajú najmä z princípov behaviorálnej terapie, pričom cieľom je primárne zmena správania. Poznanie a využívanie týchto stratégii má význam nielen pre vedeckú komunitu, ale aj klinických pracovníkov a rodičov.
Adequate intake of qualitatively and quantitatively balanced food is essential for healthy psychosomatic development of children and adolescents. At present time, the experts focus mostly on excessive calorie intake, due to high obesity prevalence in children. However, according to current knowledge 3-4% of children suffer from severe food refusal without a known somatic cause, referred to as avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder, or psychogenic loss of appetite. The “wait-and-see” method is currently the most commonly used in the management of this disorder, but the most effective intervention has been shown to be techniques based on behavioral therapy. The aim of our work is to describe the main etiological aspects of the avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder and to introduce methods that are most effective for its treatment. These methods are based primarily on behavioral therapy principles, where our goal is the behavioral change. Knowledge and application of these strategies is important for not only scientific community, but also for clinical professionals and parents.
Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by impaired social interaction and communication, as well as repetitive behavior and restricted interests. There is convincing evidence that the intestinal inflammation is involved in etiology of ASD. Increased levels of inflammatory markers were shown to be associated with more aberrant behaviors and communication of subjects with ASD. Calprotectin in the feces is produced by activated neutrophils and epithelial cells of the gut mucosa, and its levels reflect local inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. Concentration of fecal calprotectin was determined by ELISA method in 87 individuals with ASD and 51 controls, of that 29 siblings of children with ASD and 22 non-related controls. In non-relatives significantly lower values of fecal calprotectin were observed than in both subjects with ASD and their siblings. In the group with ASD significant correlations of fecal calprotectin with all domains of the ADI-R diagnostic tool were found: qualitative abnormalities in reciprocal social interaction and communication, restrictive and repetitive patterns of behavior. Results suggest that low grade intestinal inflammation may be one of factors implicated in the pathophysiology of ASD.
- MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- ELISA metody MeSH
- feces * chemie MeSH
- interpersonální vztahy * MeSH
- leukocytární L1-antigenní komplex analýza metabolismus MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- neuropsychologické testy * MeSH
- poruchy autistického spektra diagnóza epidemiologie metabolismus MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- průřezové studie MeSH
- zánět diagnóza epidemiologie metabolismus MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Slovenská republika epidemiologie MeSH
