Clostridium diolis DSM 15410 is a type strain of solventogenic clostridium capable of conducting isopropanol-butanol-ethanol fermentation. By studying its growth on different carbohydrates, we verified its ability to utilize glycerol and produce 1,3-propanediol and discovered its ability to produced isopropanol. Complete genome sequencing showed that its genome is a single circular chromosome and belongs to the cluster I (sensu scricto) of the genus Clostridium. By cultivation analysis we highlighted its specific behavior in comparison to two selected closely related strains. Despite the fact that several CRISPR loci were found, 16 putative prophages showed the ability to receive foreign DNA. Thus, the strain has the necessary features for future engineering of its 1,3-propanediol biosynthetic pathway and for the possible industrial utilization in the production of biofuels.

• MeSH
• 2-propanol metabolismus   MeSH
• biopaliva MeSH
• Clostridium klasifikace   genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• fenotyp MeSH
• fylogeneze * MeSH
• genom bakteriální * MeSH
• propylenglykoly metabolismus   MeSH
• průmyslová mikrobiologie MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Dynamic modeling of biological systems is essential for understanding all properties of a given organism as it allows us to look not only at the static picture of an organism but also at its behavior under various conditions. With the increasing amount of experimental data, the number of tools that enable dynamic analysis also grows. However, various tools are based on different approaches, use different types of data and offer different functions for analyses; so it can be difficult to choose the most suitable tool for a selected type of model. Here, we bring a brief overview containing descriptions of 50 tools for the reconstruction of biological models, their time-course simulation and dynamic analysis. We examined each tool using test data and divided them based on the qualitative and quantitative nature of the mathematical apparatus they use.

• MeSH
• biologické modely * MeSH
• datové soubory jako téma MeSH
• genové regulační sítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• počítačová simulace MeSH
• software * MeSH
• stochastické procesy MeSH
• systémová biologie metody   MeSH
• ukládání a vyhledávání informací MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

Syphilis is a bacterial infection caused by Treponema pallidum subsp. pallidum Infection with T. pallidum subsp. pallidum and its dissemination lead to the synthesis of proinflammatory cytokines triggered by the interaction of bacterial lipoproteins with Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2). TLR2 contains several nonsynonymous single-nucleotide polymorphisms that may impact the activation of its signaling cascade and alter the responsiveness to, or the course of, various infectious diseases, including those caused by pathogenic spirochetes. To investigate whether TLR2 polymorphism may influence susceptibility to syphilis, 221 healthy individuals with no history of syphilis (controls) and 137 patients diagnosed with syphilis (cases) were screened for the presence of the Arg753Gln polymorphism in the TLR2 gene (2258G→A; rs5743708). The Arg753Gln variant occurs at a significantly lower frequency in syphilis patients (4 of 137 [3%]) than in controls (24 of 221 [10.9%]). These data suggest that TLR2 Arg753Gln may protect from the development of syphilis due to reduced signaling.

• MeSH
• alely MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• frekvence genu MeSH
• genetická predispozice k nemoci * MeSH
• genotyp MeSH
• jednonukleotidový polymorfismus * MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• studie případů a kontrol MeSH
• substituce aminokyselin * MeSH
• syfilis epidemiologie   etiologie   MeSH
• toll-like receptor 2 genetika   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH
• Slovenská republika MeSH

The aim of this work was to investigate the thermophilic bacterium Schelegelella thermodepolymerans DSM 15344 in terms of its polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) biosynthesis capacity. The bacterium is capable of converting various sugars into PHA with the optimal growth temperature of 55 °C; therefore, the process of PHA biosynthesis could be robust against contamination. Surprisingly, the highest yield was gained on xylose. Results suggested that S. thermodepolymerans possess unique xylose metabolism since xylose is utilized preferentially with the highest consumption rate as compared to other sugars. In the genome of S. thermodepolymerans DSM 15344, a unique putative xyl operon consisting of genes responsible for xylose utilization and also for its transport was identified, which is a unique feature among PHA producers. The bacterium is capable of biosynthesis of copolymers containing 3-hydroxybutyrate and also 3-hydroxyvalerate subunits. Hence, S.thermodepolymerans seems to be promising candidate for PHA production from xylose rich substrates.

• MeSH
• Comamonadaceae * MeSH
• kyselina 3-hydroxymáselná MeSH
• polyhydroxyalkanoáty * MeSH
• xylosa MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Spiders are an ancient and extremely diverse animal order. They show a considerable diversity of genome sizes, karyotypes and sex chromosomes, which makes them promising models to analyse the evolution of these traits. Our study is focused on the evolution of the genome and chromosomes in haplogyne spiders with holokinetic chromosomes. Although holokinetic chromosomes in spiders were discovered a long time ago, information on their distribution and evolution in these arthropods is very limited. Here we show that holokinetic chromosomes are an autapomorphy of the superfamily Dysderoidea. According to our hypothesis, the karyotype of ancestral Dysderoidea comprised three autosome pairs and a single X chromosome. The subsequent evolution has frequently included inverted meiosis of the sex chromosome and an increase of 2n. We demonstrate that caponiids, a sister clade to Dysderoidea, have enormous genomes and high diploid and sex chromosome numbers. This pattern suggests a polyploid event in the ancestors of caponiids. Holokinetic chromosomes could have arisen by subsequent multiple chromosome fusions and a considerable reduction of the genome size. We propose that spider sex chromosomes probably do not pose a major barrier to polyploidy due to specific mechanisms that promote the integration of sex chromosome copies into the genome.

• MeSH
• genom * MeSH
• karyotyp * MeSH
• meióza MeSH
• molekulární evoluce * MeSH
• pavouci genetika   MeSH
• polyploidie * MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Viruses have developed numerous strategies to counteract the host cell defense. Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is a DNA tumor virus linked to the development of Kaposi's sarcoma, Castleman's disease, and primary effusion lymphoma (PEL). The virus-encoded viral interferon regulatory factor 3 (vIRF-3) gene is a latent gene which is involved in the regulation of apoptosis, cell cycle, antiviral immunity, and tumorigenesis. vIRF-3 was shown to interact with p53 and inhibit p53-mediated apoptosis. However, the molecular mechanism underlying this phenomenon has not been established. Here, we show that vIRF-3 associates with the DNA-binding domain of p53, inhibits p53 phosphorylation on serine residues S15 and S20, and antagonizes p53 oligomerization and the DNA-binding affinity. Furthermore, vIRF-3 destabilizes p53 protein by increasing the levels of p53 polyubiquitination and targeting p53 for proteasome-mediated degradation. Consequently, vIRF-3 attenuates p53-mediated transcription of the growth-regulatory p21 gene. These effects of vIRF-3 are of biological relevance since the knockdown of vIRF-3 expression in KSHV-positive BC-3 cells, derived from PEL, leads to an increase in p53 phosphorylation, enhancement of p53 stability, and activation of p21 gene transcription. Collectively, these data suggest that KSHV evolved an efficient mechanism to downregulate p53 function and thus facilitate uncontrolled cell proliferation and tumor growth.

• MeSH
• apoptóza genetika   MeSH
• fosforylace MeSH
• HCT116 buňky MeSH
• HEK293 buňky MeSH
• inhibitor p21 cyklin-dependentní kinasy genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• interferonové regulační faktory genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lidský herpesvirus 8 genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• multimerizace proteinu MeSH
• mutace MeSH
• nádorové buněčné linie MeSH
• nádorový supresorový protein p53 chemie   genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• polymerázová řetězová reakce s reverzní transkripcí MeSH
• promotorové oblasti (genetika) genetika   MeSH
• protein X asociovaný s bcl-2 genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• regulace genové exprese u nádorů MeSH
• RNA interference MeSH
• serin genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• stabilita proteinů MeSH
• transfekce MeSH
• ubikvitinace MeSH
• vazba proteinů MeSH
• virové proteiny genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• western blotting MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

• Klíčová slova
• kvalita ošetřovatelské péče,
• MeSH
• dekubity ošetřování   prevence a kontrola   terapie   MeSH

• MeSH
• echokardiografie MeSH
• fyzikální vyšetření MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nemoci srdce diagnóza   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH

• MeSH
• akutní erytroblastická leukemie MeSH
• chromozomální aberace diagnóza   komplikace   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• karyotypizace metody   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• ploidie MeSH
• přežití MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• terapie metody   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• srovnávací studie MeSH

Studium strukturních a numerických chromosomových odchylek v mitóze i v interfázi u dětských a dospělých nemocných s leukemiemi při diagnóze. Detekce residuálních leukemických buněk po transplantaci kostní dřeně a monitorování účinku chemoterapie.

• MeSH
• chromozomální aberace MeSH
• hybridizace in situ fluorescenční MeSH
• leukemie genetika   diagnóza   MeSH
• prognóza MeSH

• Konspekt
• Patologie. Klinická medicína
• NLK Obory
• hematologie a transfuzní lékařství
• embryologie a teratologie
• genetika, lékařská genetika
• NLK Publikační typ
• závěrečné zprávy o řešení grantu IGA MZ ČR