Cardiolipin and phosphatidylglycerol are anionic phospholipids localized to the inner mitochondrial membrane. In this study, it is demonstrated by fluorescence and transmission electron microscopy that atp2.1pgs1Δ mutant mitochondria lacking anionic phospholipids contain fragmented and swollen mitochondria with a completely disorganized inner membrane. In the second part of this study, it was shown that the temperature sensitivity of the atp2.1pgs1Δ mutant was not suppressed by the osmotic stabilizer glucitol but by glucosamine, a precursor of chitin synthesis. The atp2.1pgs1Δ mutant was hypersensitive to Calcofluor White and caffeine, resistant to Zymolyase, but its sensitivity to caspofungin was the same as the strains with the standard PGS1 gene. The distribution of chitin in the mutant cell wall was impaired. The glucan level in the cell wall of the atp2.1pgs1Δ mutant was reduced by 4-8 %, but the level of chitin was almost double that in the wild-type strain. The cell wall of the atp2.1pgs1Δ mutant was about 20 % thinner than the wild type, but its morphology was not significantly altered.
- MeSH
- aerobióza MeSH
- buněčná stěna chemie ultrastruktura MeSH
- delece genu MeSH
- fluorescenční mikroskopie MeSH
- fosfolipidy nedostatek MeSH
- glukany analýza MeSH
- Kluyveromyces cytologie genetika růst a vývoj metabolismus MeSH
- mitochondrie ultrastruktura MeSH
- teplota MeSH
- transmisní elektronová mikroskopie MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Lipids are basic organic components of living cells. These biomolecules do not show catalytic activities. Despite this fact, lipids participate in a several important cell functions. At the organism level, they serve as energy sources (neutral lipids, fatty acids) or as mediators of signalling molecules. At the cellular level, lipids (glycerophospholipids, sphingolipids and sterols) are structural components of membranes determining the establishment, maintenance and identity of intracellular compartments. In the membrane matrix, the composition of lipids determines physical and chemical properties of the membrane. In addition, lipids, due to their ability to form subdomains with membrane proteins, create appropriate conditions for optimal catalytic activity and/or stability of proteins and thereby influence several regulatory and signalling functions associated with these membranes.
- MeSH
- eukaryotické buňky * fyziologie MeSH
- glycerofosfolipidy fyziologie chemie MeSH
- homeostáza * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mastné kyseliny fyziologie chemie MeSH
- metabolismus lipidů * MeSH
- neutrální glykosfingolipidy fyziologie chemie MeSH
- poruchy metabolismu lipidů MeSH
- sfingolipidy fyziologie chemie MeSH
- steroly chemie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
Cardiolipin, an anionic phospholipid, in the inner mitochondrial membrane is involved in the regulation of mitochondrial bioenergetics and in oxidative phosphorylation. In addition, cardiolipin plays also some role in mitochondria-dependent steps of apoptosis and in mitochondrial membrane dynamics. Alterations in cardiolipin structure (remodelling), its content or the composition of acyl chains as the consequences of oxidative damage due to reactive oxygen species (ROS) are proposed to be responsible for the changes in the mitochondrial membrane fluidity, ion permeability and structure/function of the mitochondrial electron-transport chain components. The mitochondrial dysfunction caused by the above events has been associ¬ated with several physiopathological conditions in human tissues, including Barth syndrome, ischemia/reperfusion, different thyroid states, diabetes, aging or heart failure.
- MeSH
- apoptóza MeSH
- Barthův syndrom etiologie MeSH
- biogeneze organel * MeSH
- buněčná membrána fyziologie MeSH
- Ca2+-ATPasy MeSH
- fosfolipidy biosyntéza fyziologie MeSH
- homeostáza MeSH
- kardiolipiny * biosyntéza fyziologie metabolismus MeSH
- kardiovaskulární nemoci etiologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mitochondriální ADP/ATP-translokasy MeSH
- mitochondriální protonové ATPasy MeSH
- mitochondrie * fyziologie chemie MeSH
- nemoci endokrinního systému etiologie MeSH
- neurodegenerativní nemoci etiologie MeSH
- oxidační stres MeSH
- peroxidace lipidů MeSH
- reaktivní formy kyslíku MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
The KlPGS1 gene encoding phosphatidylglycerolphosphate synthase (PGPS) is essential for the viability and multiplication of Kluyveromyces lactis. Regulation of PGPS expression by factors affecting mitochondrial development (C source, growth phase) and general phospholipid biosynthesis was followed. PGS1 mRNA levels were not altered as cells progressed from the exponential to the stationary phase of growth in glucose. PGS1 mRNA abundance was nearly identical in cells growing in a medium with glucose or glycerol as the sole C source during the different growth phases. Regulation of PGS1 expression by exogenous myo-inositol and choline was not mediated at the transcriptional level, the PGPS activity dropped to 70 % after myo-inositol addition.
- MeSH
- aerobióza MeSH
- cholin metabolismus MeSH
- fungální proteiny genetika chemie metabolismus MeSH
- genetická transkripce MeSH
- inositol metabolismus MeSH
- Kluyveromyces MeSH
- mitochondrie genetika chemie metabolismus MeSH
- regulace genové exprese enzymů MeSH
- regulace genové exprese u hub MeSH
- terciární struktura proteinů MeSH
- transferasy pro jiné substituované fosfátové skupiny MeSH
- MeSH
- amidy chemie imunologie MeSH
- antifungální látky chemie imunologie MeSH
- chloramfenikol chemie imunologie MeSH
- cyklické peptidy chemie imunologie MeSH
- finanční podpora výzkumu jako téma MeSH
- kofein chemie imunologie MeSH
- kvasinky účinky léků MeSH
- mitochondriální DNA účinky léků MeSH
- mitochondrie fyziologie účinky léků MeSH
- Saccharomyces cerevisiae účinky léků MeSH
- MeSH
- finanční podpora výzkumu jako téma MeSH
- fosfatidylglyceroly fyziologie chemie metabolismus MeSH
- fotosyntéza fyziologie genetika MeSH
- geny genetika MeSH
- kardiolipiny fyziologie chemie metabolismus MeSH
- mitochondrie metabolismus MeSH
- mutace MeSH
- stárnutí buněk fyziologie MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
