OBJECTIVES: The aim of this work is to compare the current prevalence of selected risk factors in cardiovascular diseases in the Czech general population in a particular region with a selected population of Czech soldiers in a particular military unit. METHODS: Within medical preventive examinations, data from 684 civilians aged between 30-60 years were obtained (405 men and 279 women). Within compulsory medical preventive examinations, data from 659 soldiers from a particular military unit aged between 30-60 years were obtained (576 men and 83 women). Anthropometric parameters such as height and body weight were monitored and then used to calculate the values of Body Mass Index (BMI) and waist circumference. From biochemical parameters the following values were monitored: glycaemia, uric acid, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, ALT, and GGT. As for the demographic data, age and gender were processed. In the cohort of male soldiers a questionnaire was used to find the extent of cigarette smoking, frequency of using alcoholic drinks and performance of regular physical activities such as aerobic exercises. RESULTS: As for cardiovascular risk, assessed anthropometric parameters in monitored female age categories are statistically significantly lower (p < 0.05) in women in the Army of the Czech Republic (ACR) compared to the female civilian population. Most of the biochemical parameters also display values that indicate the female military population is healthier than the civilian in these parameters. On the other hand, assessed anthropometric parameters in monitored male age categories are statistically significantly lower (p < 0.001) in civilian men compared to the male military population. Most of the assessed biochemical parameters show statistically significant health-indicative values in the male civilian population as well. CONCLUSION: This work revealed differences in anthropometric and biochemical parameters between the examined civilian and military populations. As for cardiovascular risk, the main findings are significantly worse anthropometric and biochemical parameters in the selected male military cohort compared to the male civilian cohort.
- MeSH
- antropometrie metody MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- index tělesné hmotnosti MeSH
- kardiovaskulární nemoci * epidemiologie MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- rizikové faktory MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- srovnávací studie MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
Telemedicína se rozvíjí v posledních dekádách 20. století a je založena na přenosu zvuku, obrazu a dat stále častěji za využití bezdrátových technologií. V obezitologii se objevuje v praxi od konce 20. století, kdy došlo nejen k rozvoji komunikačních technologií a objevily se první záznamy příjmu potravy přes počítačový software, ale především k velkému nárůstu počtu obézních pacientů. V České republice je v současné době více jak 60 % dospělé populace s diagnózou nadváhy nebo obezity. Telemedicína se uplatňuje především při sběru dat o energetickém příjmu, monitoringu pohybové aktivity, záznamu hladin glykémií a komunikaci mezi terapeutem a pacientem. Využití telemedicíny zvyšuje compliance i adherenci obézních pacientů k léčbě a zvyšuje také jejich motivaci. Telemedicína s možností uchovávání dat, sdílení dat a jejich analýzou je tak postupem, jak snížit náklady na diagnostiku a léčbu obezity.
The telemedicine shows rapid development in the past decades of 20th century. It's principally based on the transmission of sound, pictures and other kind of data using wireless technology. The establishing of the telemedicine in the obezitology begins at die end of 20th century. That time shows the technique a rapidly development, but even more, there were first menus made and shared trough the PCs. All the mend facts are connected due to rapidly increased amount of the people with obesity. In the Czech Republic, approximately 60 % of the adult population suffer obesity or overweight. The telemedicine would applied specially for the cases as collecting a data about energetically receive, monitoring of physical activity, glycaemia records and the communication between the therapist and the patient. The telemedicine should change the motivation and the adherence of the obesity patients during the treatment in upcoming future. The results of the patients are better than in the group without telemedicine support. The telemedicine, using and analysing dates, it's the method that could rapidly decrease a costs of the diagnostic and the treatment.
- MeSH
- internet MeSH
- léčba obezity * metody trendy MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- monitorování fyziologických funkcí MeSH
- pohybová aktivita MeSH
- redukční dieta MeSH
- telemedicína * metody trendy MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
Autor popisuje možnosti monitorování výskytu neinfekčních onemocnění hromadného výskytu a realizaci preventivních intervenčních programů formou preventivních lékařských prohlídek, řízené fyzické aktivity a dispenzarizace nemocných osob ve zdravotnických, lázeňských a rehabilitačních zařízeních. Vyzdvihuje výhody provádění primárně preventivních opatření v Armádě České republiky.
The author describes monitoring of the occurrence of non-infectious diseases of mass incidence and the implementation of preventive intervention programs through preventive medical examinations, controlled physical activity and continuous monitoring of diseased individuals in healthcare, spa and rehabilitation facilities. Emphasized are advantages of carrying out primary preventive measures in the Army of the Czech Republic. Keywords: soldiers, primary prevention, preventive medical examinations, physical activity
V práci je popsán význam pravidelné pohybové aktivity v primární prevenci neinfekčních onemocnění hromadného výskytu ve vojenské populaci. Práce popisuje jednotlivé druhy tělesné přípravy v AČR, sportovní možnosti a druhy sportů na útvarech a typy přezkoušení z tělesné přípravy.
The study is focused on the significance of regular physical activity in primary prevention of non-communicable diseases in the military population. The study describes individual types of physical preparation in the Army of the Czech Republic, sports possibilities and kinds of sports in individual units and types of physical activity testing.
- MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- neinfekční nemoci prevence a kontrola MeSH
- ozbrojené síly * MeSH
- pohybová aktivita * MeSH
- primární prevence MeSH
- rehabilitace MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
Práce popisuje systém preventivních lékařských prohlídek v Armádě České republiky (AČR), zavedený v roce 1999, ve srovnání s preventivními programy v civilním sektoru. Podrobný popis obsahu prohlídek, včetně antropometrických měření a novinek z roku 2017, ukazuje výhody a nevýhody zavedeného systému. V diskuzi je rozvedena problematika celkové účasti na prohlídkách a také možných změn v rozsahu prohlídek u vojáků v činné službě v závislosti na poměru finanční náklady-přínos.
The work describes system of preventive medical examinations in the Armed Forces of the Czech Republic, introduced in 1999, by comparison with preventive programs in civilian section. Detailed description of content of the examinations and anthropometric methods and newsfrom 2017 shows advantages and disadvantages. Range of the examinations and problematics of participation of active soldiers are elaborated in discussion in cost-benefit ratio.
- MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- neinfekční nemoci prevence a kontrola MeSH
- ozbrojené síly * MeSH
- preventivní lékařství MeSH
- primární prevence * MeSH
- služby preventivní péče MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study is to describe current prevalence of selected risk factors in the Czech general population in a particular region and to compare the data with recently published results in the selected population of Czech soldiers. The work also deals with the advantages and disadvantages of methods determining overweight and obesity. METHODS: Within medical preventive examinations the data of 1,051 individuals (482 men, 569 women) were obtained. In this group anthropometric parameters such as height, body weight, Body Mass Index (BMI), and waist circumference were monitored. From biochemical parameters the following values were monitored: glycaemia, uric acid, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, and triglycerides. Demographic data such as age, gender and achieved education were processed. RESULTS: Average BMI values in men were in the overweight range. Monitored average BMI values in women were up to standards. Monitored anthropometric parameters significantly increased with the age of examined individuals. The highest values of BMI and waist circumference were found in the over-50 age group. Selected biochemical parameters also increased with the age of examined individuals. Education did not have significant influence on the values of selected parameters. A statistically significant positive correlation was found between the values of BMI and waist circumference. The correlation coefficient in men was r = 0.804, p < 0.001, and in women r = 0.858, p < 0.001. CONCLUSION: The work confirmed differences in anthropometric parameters between the civilian and military Czech male population due to a higher muscle mass percentage in the military population. The work also confirmed the significance of further anthropometric methods in diagnostics of overweight and obesity. The number of individuals with anthropometric and biochemical parameters out of the physiological range is increasing in the over-50 age category.
- MeSH
- antropometrie MeSH
- biologické markery krev MeSH
- demografie MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- index tělesné hmotnosti MeSH
- kardiovaskulární nemoci epidemiologie etiologie MeSH
- krevní glukóza analýza MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lipidy krev MeSH
- nadváha epidemiologie MeSH
- obezita epidemiologie MeSH
- obvod pasu MeSH
- prevalence MeSH
- rizikové faktory MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH