The G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) is a transmembrane receptor considered as a mediator of rapid non-genomic responses. GPER has been found in the male reproductive tract of many mammalian species. However, in adult boars, GPER has been reported only in ejaculated spermatozoa. Therefore, we focused on GPER detection in testicular and epididymal tissues and sperm cells in adult boars. We found GPER in Leydig cells and seminiferous tubules of boar testes and in the secretory epithelium of epididymis. A weaker signal was visible in smooth muscle cells and spermatozoa in the epididymal tubule. In spermatozoa isolated from epididymal parts, GPER was found to localize mainly in the sperm acrosome and flagellum. We immunodetected several protein bands in the extracts of the tissues and epididymal spermatozoa. A significantly higher amount of GPER mRNA was detected in the spermatozoa from caput epididymis, whereas the mRNA expression was lower in tissues of testes and caput epididymal. Our results showed the first evidence of GPER in boar epididymal spermatozoa. Moreover, the GPER localization in adult boar testes, epididymis, and mature spermatozoa suggests the involvement of estrogens via transmembrane receptor and rapid non-genomic signaling in both the sperm development and post-testicular maturation.
- MeSH
- epididymis metabolismus MeSH
- messenger RNA metabolismus MeSH
- prasata MeSH
- receptory spřažené s G-proteiny metabolismus MeSH
- spermie metabolismus MeSH
- testis metabolismus MeSH
- zrání spermie fyziologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Tumor models are essential for basic anticancer research and development of novel therapies. In this study, we used a rat sarcoma model in which subcutaneous tumor develops after D6 cell inoculation. The aim of the current study was to analyze changes in haematological parameters, immune cell sub-populations and cytokine profiling during tumor growth, after tumor excision and after second inoculation of D6 cells. Tumor progression was found to be associated with an increased number of leukocytes and increased proportion of CD11b+ cells in peripheral blood. Serum concentration of chemokine (c-c motif) ligand 2, L-selectin and intra cellular adhesion molecule-1 also increased with growing tumor. However, the proportion of CD4+, CD8+ and MHC II+ cells decreased with growth of tumors. After tumor excision, all these parameters returned to pre-inoculation levels and did not change even after a second inoculation of D6 cells. Moreover, absence of secondary tumors after second inoculation of D6 cells gives an insight into development of antitumor immunity stimulated by primary tumor.
- MeSH
- antigeny CD11b krev MeSH
- chemokin CCL2 krev MeSH
- experimentální sarkom krev patologie MeSH
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- leukocytóza MeSH
- potkani inbrední LEW MeSH
- progrese nemoci MeSH
- průtoková cytometrie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Tetracycline and doxycycline are commonly used antibiotics in acne treatment during puberty in humans. The long-term effect of these antibiotics on male reproductive tract development has not been fully elucidated. For this reason we tested the effect of antibiotics on the reproductive parameters of mice males during puberty with the therapeutic dose used in humans, and with lower and higher doses. The outbred mouse strain CD1 with higher heterozygosity was exposed for 14 days at puberty. Adult males at the age of 70 days were used for the measurements. We observed a significant decrease in anogenital distance and thickness of the seminiferous epithelium in the treated animals. Pathological changes in the testes had an impact on sperm quality; a higher number of sperm positively stained with Annexin V and TUNEL and a lower number of acrosome-intact sperm was detected. In conclusion, the treatment of male mice with antibiotics in puberty led to long-lasting effects on reproductive organs and spermatozoa in adult males.
- MeSH
- antibakteriální látky aplikace a dávkování škodlivé účinky MeSH
- apoptóza účinky léků MeSH
- doxycyklin aplikace a dávkování škodlivé účinky MeSH
- myši MeSH
- outbrední kmeny zvířat MeSH
- průtoková cytometrie MeSH
- spermie účinky léků patologie MeSH
- stárnutí účinky léků patologie MeSH
- tělesná hmotnost účinky léků MeSH
- testis účinky léků růst a vývoj patologie MeSH
- tetracyklin aplikace a dávkování škodlivé účinky MeSH
- velikost orgánu účinky léků MeSH
- vztah mezi dávkou a účinkem léčiva MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- myši MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
The objective of this work was to study the mechanism of liver parenchyma development under the influence of restriction of diet. Useful information is presented about the pathologic features associated with diet restriction in a chicken animal model of NAFLD. There were 96 chickens of two genotypes, Ross 308 and Cobb 500, in the experiment. The control group was fed a standard mixture ad libitum (ADL). The first experimental group, under restriction from the age of 2 weeks, was fed 80% ADL. The second experimental group was fed 65% ADL from the age of 2 weeks. There were 16 animals in each group. The experiment lasted 5 weeks. Liver parenchyma samples were obtained at the age of 35 days by the necropsy method and then processed by standard histologic methods. The slices were stained by standard staining: hematoxylin-eosin and by Sirius red kit for collagen type I and reticulin visualization. Hepatocyte diameter and the proportion of interstitial tissue to the parenchyma of the liver were measured objectively. Microvesicular liver steatosis was observed after 35 days of restriction. Hepatocyte diameter was significantly influenced by sex, genotype, and the experimental group. The proportion of interstitial tissue to the liver parenchyma was highly influenced by genotype and group, but there were no interactions. An increase in the steatosis histologic grade is associated with inflammatory changes, with decrease of hepatocyte diameter and with a decreasing proportion of interstitial tissue to the liver parenchyma. The results show that early restriction is not associated with the development of fibrosis of the liver tissue.
- MeSH
- experimentální cirhóza jater etiologie genetika patologie patofyziologie MeSH
- fenotyp MeSH
- fyziologie výživy zvířat MeSH
- genotyp MeSH
- hepatocyty patologie MeSH
- hladovění komplikace genetika patologie patofyziologie MeSH
- játra patologie MeSH
- kalorická restrikce MeSH
- kur domácí MeSH
- progrese nemoci MeSH
- sexuální faktory MeSH
- stárnutí MeSH
- věkové faktory MeSH
- velikost buňky MeSH
- ztučnělá játra etiologie genetika patologie patofyziologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Za tři desetiletí se technika in vitro oplození proměnila z oboru, v který věřil jen málokdo, na techniku, která je pevnou součástí moderní medicíny. Obavy, které s ní byly spojovány, se nenaplnily. Naopak, in vitro oplození našlo uplatnění i tam, kde to nikdo nepředpokládal. V kombinaci s předimplantační genetickou diagnostikou se využívá jako prevence dědičných onemocnění. Potřeba oplození in vitro se ukázala i v zemích třetího světa, které se potýkají s důsledky populační exploze. V současnosti se rozvíjejí nové biotechnologie, které narážejí na odpor veřejnosti. Historie se opakuje. Jsou zdůrazňovány především jejich možná i ryze hypotetická rizika a mnohé jejich budoucí přínosy nejsou a za současného stavu poznání ani nemohou být předvídány. Rozvoj in vitro oplození nabízí lekci pro hodnocení nastupujících biotechnologií. Jejich výrazné omezení nebo dokonce zákaz by zjevně znamenaly pro budoucnost lidstva závažná omezení.
During the past three decades, human in vitro fertilization (IVF) has changed from disdained technique to one which constitutes a respected branch of modern medicine. Concerns connected with human in vitro fertilization have not materialized. On the other hand, in vitro fertilization has demonstrated benefits in unexpected areas. When combined with techniques of molecular genetics such as preimplantation genetic diagnostics, it can prevent the occurrence of hereditary diseases. In vitro fertilization is greatly needed even in developing countries, despite the fact that the Third World is heavily confronted with the impacts of population explosion. At present, many new and promising biotechnologies are fighting strong opposition from the public. The history of human IVF recurs. Even hypothetical risks are emphasized, and many future benefits are not recognized or cannot be recognized at the present state of knowledge. The significant progress of human IVF provides us with a lesson for the evaluation of impending biotechnologies. The setting of rigid limits or imposing bans on new biotechnologies can significantly restrict the future prosperity of mankind.
- MeSH
- bioetika MeSH
- biotechnologie MeSH
- fertilizace in vitro * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
The effect of protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitors on porcine oocyte activation by calcium ionophore A23187 was studied. Calcium ionophore applied in a 50 microM concentration for 10 min induced activation in 74% of oocytes matured in vitro. When the ionophore-treated oocytes were exposed to the effect of bisindolylmaleimide I, which inhibits calcium-dependent PKC isotypes (PKC-alpha, -beta(I), -beta(II), -gamma,) and calcium-independent PKC isotypes (PKC-delta, -epsilon), the portion of activated oocytes decreased (at a concentration of 100 nM, 2% of the oocytes were activated). Go6976, the inhibitor of calcium-dependent PKC isotypes PKC-alpha, -beta(I) did not prevent the action of the oocytes treated with calcium ionophore in concentrations from 1 to 100 microM. The inhibitor of PKC-beta(I) and beta(II) isotypes, hispidin, in a concentration of 2 microM-2 mM, was not effective either. The inhibitor of PKC-delta isotype, rottlerin, suppressed activation of the oocytes by calcium ionophore (no oocyte was activated at 10 microM concentration). The PKC-delta isotype in matured porcine oocytes, studied by Western blot analysis, appeared as non-truncated PKC-delta of 77.5 kDa molecular weight, on the one hand, and as truncated PKC-delta, which was present in the form of a doublet of approximately 62.5 and 68 kDa molecular weight, on the other hand. On the basis of these results, it can be supposed that PKC participates in the regulation of processes associated with oocyte activation. Calcium-dependent PKC-alpha, -beta isotypes do not seem to play any significant role in calcium activation. The activation seems to depend on the activity of the calcium-independent PKC-delta isoform.
- MeSH
- acetofenony farmakologie MeSH
- benzopyrany farmakologie MeSH
- calcimycin farmakologie MeSH
- indoly farmakologie MeSH
- inhibitory proteinkinas farmakologie MeSH
- ionofory farmakologie MeSH
- izoenzymy antagonisté a inhibitory fyziologie klasifikace MeSH
- karbazoly farmakologie MeSH
- maleimidy farmakologie MeSH
- oocyty fyziologie účinky léků MeSH
- prasata fyziologie MeSH
- proteinkinasa C antagonisté a inhibitory fyziologie klasifikace MeSH
- pyrony farmakologie MeSH
- vápník fyziologie MeSH
- western blotting MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kazuistiky MeSH
- Publikační typ
- abstrakt z konference MeSH
- Publikační typ
- abstrakt z konference MeSH
