The present nuclear and cell body diameter measurements demonstrated size differences of the approximate cell space estimate occupied by the cell nucleus during the cell differentiation in lymphocytic, granulocytic and erythroid cell lineages. These lineages were used as convenient models because all differentiation steps were easily identified and accessible in diagnostic peripheral blood or bone marrow smears of blood donors (BDs), patients suffering from chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and refractory anemia (RA) of the myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). The cell space occupied by the nucleus was constant and did not change during the cell differentiation in the lymphocytic cell lineages of BDs and CLL patients despite the decreased cell size. In contrary, the cell space occupied by the nucleus markedly decreased in differentiating cells of granulocytic and erythroid lineages of patients suffering from CML. In the erythroid cell lineage in patients with RA of MDS the small reduction of the cell space occupied by the nucleus during the differentiation was not significant. The measurements also indicated that in progenitor cells of all studied cell lineages nuclei occupied more than 70 % of the cell space. Thus, the nucleus-cytoplasmic morphological and functional equilibrium appeared to be characteristic for each differentiation step and each specific cell lineage.
- MeSH
- buněčná diferenciace * MeSH
- buněčné jádro * MeSH
- chronická lymfatická leukemie patologie MeSH
- chronická myeloidní leukemie patologie MeSH
- erytroidní buňky cytologie MeSH
- granulocyty cytologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lymfocyty cytologie MeSH
- refrakterní anemie patologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Perinucleolar region was studied in lymphocytes of patients suffering from chronic B lymphocytic leukemia to provide more information on the perinucleolar-condensed chromatin - heterochromatin - during the maturation of these cells. The perinucleolar heterochromatin of lymphocytes in smear preparations was visualized using a simple, but sensitive cytochemical method for the demonstration of DNA. The perinucleolar heterochromatin was also easily visible as unstained perinucleolar regions in specimens stained for RNA. In addition, the perinucleolar heterochromatin of lymphocytes was distinct and apparent in the transmission electron microscope using conventional as well as cytochemical methods for visualization of chromatin structures. Despite the great variability, the maturation of leukemic lymphocytes was accompanied by an increased width of the perinucleolar heterochromatin shell. It seems to be also interesting that the perinucleolar region of both immature as well as mature leukemia lymphocytes contains heterochromatin bodies about 2µm in diameter. They appeared to be a regular component of the perinucleolar heterochromatin shell and were apparently different from other nuclear bodies present at the nucleolus. In contrary to other known nuclear bodies, perinucleolar heterochromatin bodies in leukemia lymphocytes consisted only of conglomerates of DNA containing chromatin fibrils and did not contain other structural components including RNA. The presence of perinucleolar heterochromatin bodies in the perinucleolar region of leukemia lymphocytes is not contradictory with the present knowledge on that nuclear territory. They might be associated with presumed special perinucleolar DNA loci, which according some previous studies were more expressed in malignant cells.
- MeSH
- B-lymfocyty patologie MeSH
- buněčné jadérko genetika patologie MeSH
- chromatin genetika patologie MeSH
- chronická lymfatická leukemie genetika patologie MeSH
- DNA analýza genetika MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- organizátor jadérka MeSH
- RNA analýza genetika MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- srovnávací studie MeSH
It is widely recognized that stromal fibroblasts significantly influence biological properties of multiple tumors including breast cancer. However, these epithelial-mesenchymal interactions seem to be essential in tumor biology and it is not fully clear whether this interaction is tumor type-specific or has a more general non-specific character. To elucidate this question, we tested the effect of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) isolated from different types of tumors (breast cancer skin metastasis, cutaneous basal cell carcinoma and melanoma, squamous cell carcinoma arising from oral cavity mucous membrane) on the EM-G3 breast cancer cell line. The results were compared with control experiments using normal human dermal fibroblasts, 3T3 mouse fibroblasts, and 3T3 fibroblasts influenced by the fibroblasts prepared from the basal cell carcinoma. Our results demonstrated that expression of luminal marker keratin 8 was influenced only by CAFs prepared from any tested tumors. In contrast, all tested types of fibroblasts showed a strong stimulatory effect on the expression of basal/myoepithelial marker keratin 14. The CAFs also elevated the number of cells with positivity for both keratins 8 and 14 that are similar to ductal originated precursor cells. The expression of proliferation marker Ki67 was not influenced by any of the tested fibroblasts. In conclusion, our data indicate that CAFs are able to influence the phenotype of a breast cancer cell line and this effect is based on a tumor type-unspecific mechanism. Finally, a clear functional difference between normal and CAFs was demonstrated.
- MeSH
- bazocelulární karcinom metabolismus patologie MeSH
- buňky 3T3 MeSH
- fibroblasty metabolismus MeSH
- keratin-8 metabolismus MeSH
- kokultivační techniky MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- melanom metabolismus patologie MeSH
- myši MeSH
- nádorové biomarkery metabolismus MeSH
- nádorové buněčné linie MeSH
- nádory kůže metabolismus patologie sekundární MeSH
- nádory prsu metabolismus patologie MeSH
- spinocelulární karcinom metabolismus patologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- myši MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
The present study was undertaken to provide complementary information on heterochromatin condensation in central and peripheral nuclear regions during maturation of human leukemic lymphocytes using simple image processing and DNA image densitometry at the single cell level. Such approach indicated that the heterochromatin condensation in perinucleolar and extranucleolar "gene rich" central nucleolar regions preceded that in the "gene poor" nuclear periphery at the nuclear membrane. Thus, the maturation of lymphocytes was accompanied by a marked increase of the heterochromatin condensation at the nuclear membrane that reflected the maturity of these cells. In addition, in contrary to the nuclear size, no substantial differences of the heterochromatin condensation in central and peripheral nuclear regions were noted between untreated and treated patients with cytostatic therapy at the time of taking samples for the present study. On the other hand, the larger heterochromatin condensation in central nuclear regions occasionally persisted in small mature lymphocytes of all studied patients. Such phenomenon might represent the return to the cell cycle or a further type of maturation asynchrony that in leukemic cells is not exceptional.
- MeSH
- buněčné jádro patologie MeSH
- buněčný cyklus MeSH
- chronická lymfatická leukemie patologie MeSH
- DNA nádorová genetika MeSH
- heterochromatin patologie MeSH
- histocytochemie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lymfocyty patologie ultrastruktura MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
The present study was undertaken to provide more information on nucleoli in lymphocytes of B - chronic lymphocytic leukemia. The computer assisted nucleolar and cytoplasmic RNA image densitometry, reflecting the nucleolar and cytoplasmic RNA concentration at the single cell level, demonstrated a remarkable stability during the differentiation and maturation of B- lymphocytes. In contrast, as it was expected, the nucleolar diameter during the lymphocytic development markedly decreased. Thus the nucleolar RNA content of leukemic B-lymphocytes was apparently related to the nucleolar size. In both immature and mature lymphocytes, the cytostatic treatment increased the incidence of micronucleoli, which represent the "inactive" type of nucleoli. However, the decreased values of the nucleolar diameter were statistically significant only in mature lymphocytes of treated patients. On the other hand, despite such observation, it must be mentioned that "large active" and "ring shaped resting" nucleoli were still present in immature and mature lymphocytes after the cytostatic therapy and such cells might represent a potential pool of proliferating cells. As it is generally accepted "large active nucleoli" with multiple fibrillar centers are known to be characteristic for proliferating cells. "Ring shaped resting nucleoli" are present in sleeping cells, which may be stimulated to return to the cell cycle and to proliferate again. In addition, the nucleolar RNA distribution also indicated that Gumprecht ghosts mostly originated from mature lymphocytes. Increased ratio of the nucleolar to cytoplasmic RNA density in Gumprecht ghosts or apoptotic cells and apoptotic bodies of the lymphocytic origin was related to the decreased cytoplasmic RNA concentration. The increased nucleolar size together with the markedly decreased cytoplasmic RNA concentration characteristic for Gumprecht ghosts just reflected the spreading of lymphocytes during smear preparations. In apoptotic cells or bodies of the lymphocytic origin, the "frozen" nucleolar RNA concentration accompanied by a reduced RNA concentration in the cytoplasm exhibited a remarkable similarity to the apoptotic process induced in vitro by the cytostatic treatment. Keywords: B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia; lymphocytes; nucleolar classes; size; nucleolar RNA image density -concentration.
- MeSH
- bazocelulární karcinom metabolismus patologie MeSH
- buněčná diferenciace MeSH
- financování organizované MeSH
- galektiny metabolismus MeSH
- kyselina N-acetylneuraminová metabolismus MeSH
- Langerhansovy buňky metabolismus patologie MeSH
- lektiny metabolismus MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mezibuněčná komunikace MeSH
- molekuly buněčné adheze nervové MeSH
- nádory hlavy a krku metabolismus patologie MeSH
- rostlinné lektiny metabolismus MeSH
- spinocelulární karcinom metabolismus patologie MeSH
- vrozené poruchy metabolismu sacharidů MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- MeSH
- antitumorózní látky farmakologie MeSH
- down regulace genetika MeSH
- finanční podpora výzkumu jako téma MeSH
- invazivní růst nádoru MeSH
- leukemie farmakoterapie MeSH
- myši MeSH
- nádorová transformace buněk MeSH
- piperaziny farmakologie MeSH
- pyrimidiny farmakologie MeSH
- stárnutí buněk MeSH
- transformované buněčné linie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- myši MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- srovnávací studie MeSH
V předložené práci se zabýváme studiem kvality povrchu modelu titanového implantátu povlečeného laserově deponovanou vrstvou hydroxyapatitu s mezivrstvou zirkonu. Povrch byl hodnocen in vitro, tedy lidské liniové fibroblasty povrch buněk kolonizují a množí se na něm, aniž by buňky vykazovaly morfologické změny. Studie hodnotí nový materiál jako vhodný pro implantaci s možností okamžitého zhotovení protetické náhrady.
The study investigated the quality of surface of titanium implant model, covered by laser-deposed layer of hydroxyapatite with a zirconium inter-layer. The surface was evaluated in vitro, human line fibroblasts therefore colonized the surface and multiplied there without displaying morphological changes. The study evaluates the new material as a suitable one for implantation with possibilities of immediate production of prosthetic substitution.
- MeSH
- fibroblasty fyziologie MeSH
- finanční podpora výzkumu jako téma MeSH
- hydroxyapatit terapeutické užití MeSH
- keramika terapeutické užití MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- titan terapeutické užití MeSH
- zirkonium terapeutické užití MeSH
- zubní implantáty MeSH
- zubní materiály MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
- srovnávací studie MeSH
