The mangrove ecosystem is the world's fourth most productive ecosystem in terms of service value and offering rich biological resources. Microorganisms play vital roles in these ecological processes, thus researching the mangroves-microbiota is crucial for a deeper comprehension of mangroves dynamics. Amplicon sequencing that targeted V4 region of 16S rRNA gene was employed to profile the microbial diversities and community compositions of 19 soil samples, which were collected from the rhizosphere of 3 plant species (i.e., Avicennia marina, Ceriops tagal, and Rhizophora mucronata) in the mangrove forests of Lasbela coast, Pakistan. A total of 67 bacterial phyla were observed from three mangroves species, and these taxa were classified into 188 classes, 453 orders, 759 families, and 1327 genera. We found that Proteobacteria (34.9-38.4%) and Desulfobacteria (7.6-10.0%) were the dominant phyla followed by Chloroflexi (6.6-7.3%), Gemmatimonadota (5.4-6.8%), Bacteroidota (4.3-5.5%), Planctomycetota (4.4-4.9%) and Acidobacteriota (2.7-3.4%), Actinobacteriota (2.5-3.3%), and Crenarchaeota (2.5-3.3%). After considering the distribution of taxonomic groups, we prescribe that the distinctions in bacterial community composition and diversity are ascribed to the changes in physicochemical attributes of the soil samples (i.e., electrical conductivity (ECe), pH, total organic matter (OM), total organic carbon (OC), available phosphorus (P), and extractable potassium (CaCO3). The findings of this study indicated a high-level species diversity in Pakistani mangroves. The outcomes may also aid in the development of effective conservation policies for mangrove ecosystems, which have been hotspots for anthropogenic impacts in Pakistan. To our knowledge, this is the first microbial research from a Pakistani mangrove forest.
- MeSH
- Avicennia mikrobiologie MeSH
- Bacteria * klasifikace genetika izolace a purifikace MeSH
- biodiverzita * MeSH
- DNA bakterií genetika MeSH
- fylogeneze * MeSH
- mikrobiota * MeSH
- mokřady * MeSH
- půdní mikrobiologie * MeSH
- Rhizophoraceae mikrobiologie MeSH
- rhizosféra MeSH
- RNA ribozomální 16S * genetika MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Pákistán MeSH
- Klíčová slova
- Nesměna cévnatá - Adathoda,
- MeSH
- alkaloidy chemie farmakologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- chinazoliny farmakologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- fytoterapie MeSH
- Justicia * chemie MeSH
- léčivé rostliny chemie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- listy rostlin MeSH
- rostlinné extrakty terapeutické užití MeSH
- virová pneumonie farmakoterapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
Increasing bacterial resistance to common drugs is a major public health concern for the treatment of infectious diseases. Certain naturally occurring compounds of plant sources have long been reported to possess potential antimicrobial activity. This study was aimed to investigate the antibacterial activity and possible mechanism of action of andrographolide (Andro), a diterpenoid lactone from a traditional medicinal herb Andrographis paniculata. Extent of antibacterial action was assessed by minimal bactericidal concentration method. Radiolabeled N-acetyl glucosamine, leucine, thymidine, and uridine were used to determine the effect of Andro on the biosyntheses of cell wall, protein, DNA, and RNA, respectively. In addition, anti-biofilm potential of this compound was also tested. Andro showed potential antibacterial activity against most of the tested Gram-positive bacteria. Among those, Staphylococcus aureus was found to be most sensitive with a minimal inhibitory concentration value of 100 μg/mL. It was found to be bacteriostatic. Specific inhibition of intracellular DNA biosynthesis was observed in a dose-dependent manner in S. aureus. Andro mediated inhibition of biofilm formation by S. aureus was also found. Considering its antimicrobial potency, Andro might be accounted as a promising lead for new antibacterial drug development.
- MeSH
- Andrographis chemie MeSH
- antibakteriální látky farmakologie MeSH
- biofilmy účinky léků MeSH
- biosyntetické dráhy účinky léků MeSH
- diterpeny izolace a purifikace farmakologie MeSH
- DNA biosyntéza MeSH
- grampozitivní bakterie účinky léků fyziologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mikrobiální testy citlivosti MeSH
- mikrobiální viabilita účinky léků MeSH
- rostlinné extrakty izolace a purifikace farmakologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Tento příspěvek navazuje na předchozí práci „Rizika používání léčivých rostlin v období těhotenství a kojení“. Formou tabulek uvádí u jednotlivých drog (řazeno abecedně – písmeno A) jejich terapeutické využití, nežádoucí účinky a kategorizaci bezpečnosti užívání v průběhu těhotenství a laktace. Dále jsou v textu uvedeny i výsledky některých studií na zvířecích modelech a v humánní terapii.
The subscription continues in previous paper „Danger of medicinal plants used in pregnancy and breast-feeding period“. Therapeutic use, side effects and categorization of safety drug use in pregnancy and in breast-feeding period are shown in the form of tables in individual drugs (alphabetic order-letter A). There are also mentioned the results of animal study models and human models.
- MeSH
- Aesculus MeSH
- Aloe MeSH
- Andrographis MeSH
- Angelica sinensis škodlivé účinky MeSH
- Apiaceae MeSH
- arnika škodlivé účinky MeSH
- Artemisia absinthium škodlivé účinky MeSH
- Asparagus (rostlina) škodlivé účinky MeSH
- česnek MeSH
- fytoterapie * škodlivé účinky využití MeSH
- hodnocení rizik * MeSH
- kojení MeSH
- laktace účinky léků MeSH
- léčivé rostliny * škodlivé účinky MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Pulsatilla škodlivé účinky MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- Vitex MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
Článek shrnuje výsledky v oblasti léčivých rostlin s imunostimulačními, případně adaptogenními účinky. Zachycuje nové výsledky výzkumu v této oblasti. Zabývá se zejména problematikou méně známých druhů léčivých rostlin využívaných v čínské a orientální medicíně.
Article summarizes results from the reseach focused on medicinal plants with immunostimulatory and adaptogenic effects. New important results are presented. Mainly the issues of less known medicinal plants used in traditional chinese and oriental medicine is discussed.
- Klíčová slova
- imunostimulační účinky, adaptogenní účinek, Rhodiola resea, Astragalus ssp., cykloartanové saponiny,
- MeSH
- Acanthaceae imunologie MeSH
- adjuvancia imunologická * MeSH
- Astragalus imunologie MeSH
- farmakologické účinky * MeSH
- fytoterapie MeSH
- glykosidy analýza chemie MeSH
- iridoidy MeSH
- léčivé rostliny * imunologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Ligustrum chemie imunologie MeSH
- Rhodiola chemie imunologie MeSH
- Tinospora imunologie MeSH
- ženšen imunologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
Many recent studies have suggested that the majority of animal-pollinated plants have a higher diversity of pollinators than that expected according to their pollination syndrome. This broad generalization, often based on pollination web data, has been challenged by the fact that some floral visitors recorded in pollination webs are ineffective pollinators. To contribute to this debate, and to obtain a contrast between visitors and pollinators, we studied insect and bird visitors to virgin flowers of Hypoestes aristata in the Bamenda Highlands, Cameroon. We observed the flowers and their visitors for 2-h periods and measured the seed production as a metric of reproductive success. We determined the effects of individual visitors using 2 statistical models, single-visit data that were gathered for more frequent visitor species, and frequency data. This approach enabled us to determine the positive as well as neutral or negative impact of visitors on H. aristata's reproductive success. We found that (i) this plant is not generalized but rather specialized; although we recorded 15 morphotaxa of visitors, only 3 large bee species seemed to be important pollinators; (ii) the carpenter bee Xylocopa cf. inconstans was both the most frequent and the most effective pollinator; (iii) the honey bee Apis mellifera acted as a nectar thief with apparent negative effects on the plant reproduction; and (iv) the close relationship between H. aristata and carpenter bees was in agreement with the large-bee pollination syndrome of this plant. Our results highlight the need for studies detecting the roles of individual visitors. We showed that such an approach is necessary to evaluate the pollination syndrome hypothesis and create relevant evolutionary and ecological hypotheses.
- MeSH
- Acanthaceae fyziologie MeSH
- hmyz fyziologie MeSH
- květy MeSH
- opylení * MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Kamerun MeSH
The small planorbid snail Gyraulus cf. laevis (Alder) from Lake Mývatn in Iceland was found to emit large-tailed cercariae with 19 collar spines, and three-spined sticklebacks Gasterosteus aculeatus L. were infected with metacercariae of a species of Petasiger Dietz, 1909. Comparative sequence analysis using ND1 mitochondrial DNA sequences revealed that the rediae and cercariae are conspecific with P. islandicus Kostadinova & Skirnisson, 2007, recently described from an isolated population of the horned grebe Podiceps auritus (L.) at the lake. The redia, cercaria and metacercaria are described and compared with related forms.
- MeSH
- Acanthaceae parazitologie MeSH
- DNA helmintů chemie genetika MeSH
- Echinostomatidae anatomie a histologie genetika růst a vývoj izolace a purifikace MeSH
- fylogeneze MeSH
- mikroskopie MeSH
- mitochondriální DNA chemie genetika MeSH
- molekulární sekvence - údaje MeSH
- sekvenční analýza DNA MeSH
- shluková analýza MeSH
- Smegmamorpha parazitologie MeSH
- stadia vývoje MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Island MeSH
