A wide range of articles describe the role of different probiotics in the prevention or treatment of various diseases. However, currently, the focus is shifting from whole microorganisms to their easier-to-define components that can confer similar or stronger benefits on the host. Here, we aimed to describe polysaccharide B.PAT, which is a surface antigen isolated from Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. animalis CCDM 218 and to understand the relationship between its structure and function. For this reason, we determined its glycerol phosphate-substituted structure, which consists of glucose, galactose, and rhamnose residues creating the following repeating unit: To fully understand the role of glycerol phosphate substitution on the B.PAT function, we prepared the dephosphorylated counterpart (B.MAT) and tested their immunomodulatory properties. The results showed that the loss of glycerol phosphate increased the production of IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, and TNF-α in bone marrow dendritic cells alone and after treatment with Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG. Further studies indicated that dephosphorylation can enhance B.PAT properties to suppress IL-1β-induced inflammatory response in Caco-2 and HT-29 cells. Thus, we suggest that further investigation of B.PAT and B.MAT may reveal distinct functionalities that can be exploited in the treatment of various diseases and may constitute an alternative to probiotics.
- MeSH
- bakteriální polysacharidy farmakologie chemie izolace a purifikace MeSH
- Bifidobacterium animalis * chemie MeSH
- buňky HT-29 MeSH
- Caco-2 buňky MeSH
- cytokiny metabolismus MeSH
- dendritické buňky účinky léků imunologie metabolismus MeSH
- fosforylace účinky léků MeSH
- imunologické faktory farmakologie chemie izolace a purifikace MeSH
- Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus chemie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- myši MeSH
- probiotika farmakologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- myši MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
The currently observed high prevalence of allergic diseases has been associated with changes in microbial exposure in industrialized countries. Defined bacterial components represent a new strategy for modulating the allergic immune response. We show that intranasal administration of exopolysaccharide (EPS) isolated from Lacticaseibacillus (L.) rhamnosus LOCK900 induces TGF-β1, IgA, and regulatory FoxP3+ T-cells in the lungs of naïve mice. Using the ovalbumin mouse model, we demonstrate that intranasal administration of EPS downregulates the development of allergic airway inflammation and the Th2 cytokine response in sensitized individuals. At the same time, EPS treatment of sensitized mice, similar to EPS-induced responses in naïve mice, significantly increased the level of total, OVA-specific, and also bacteria-specific IgA in bronchoalveolar lavage and the number of IgA-producing B-cells in the lung tissue of these mice. Thus, EPS derived from L. rhamnosus LOCK900 can be considered a safe candidate for preventing the development of allergic symptoms in the lungs of sensitized individuals upon exposure to an allergen.
- MeSH
- alergie * MeSH
- bronchoalveolární lavážní tekutina MeSH
- imunoglobulin A MeSH
- Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus * MeSH
- Lacticaseibacillus MeSH
- modely nemocí na zvířatech MeSH
- myši inbrední BALB C MeSH
- myši MeSH
- ovalbumin MeSH
- plíce MeSH
- zánět MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- myši MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
A balanced microbiota of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) is a prerequisite for a healthy host. The GIT microbiota in preterm infants is determined by the method of delivery and nutrition. Probiotics can improve the GIT microbiota balance and suitable animal models are required to verify their harmlessness. Preterm gnotobiotic piglets were colonized with Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) to evaluate its safety and possible protective action against infection with an enteric pathogen, Salmonella Typhimurium (ST). Clinical signs (anorexia, somnolence, fever and diarrhea), bacterial interference and translocation, intestinal histopathology, transcriptions of claudin-1, occludin and interferon (IFN)-γ, intestinal and systemic protein levels of interleukin (IL)-8, IL-12/23 p40 and IFN-γ were compared among (i) germ-free, (ii) LGG-colonized, (iii) ST-infected and (iv) LGG-colonized and subsequently ST-infected piglets for 24 h. Both LGG and ST-colonized the GIT; LGG translocated in some cases into mesenteric lymph nodes and the spleen but did not cause bacteremia and clinical changes. ST caused clinical signs of gastroenteritis, translocated into mesenteric lymph nodes, the spleen, liver and blood, increased claudin-1 and IFN-γ transcriptions, but decreased occludin transcription and increased local and systemic levels of IL-8 and IL-12/23 p40. Previous colonization with LGG reduced ST colonization in the jejunum and translocation into the liver, spleen and blood. It partially ameliorated histopathological changes in the intestine, reduced IL-8 levels in the jejunum and plasma and IL-12/23 p40 in the jejunum. The preterm gnotobiotic piglet model of the vulnerable preterm immunocompromised infant is useful to verify the safety of probiotics and evaluate their protective effect.
- MeSH
- bakteriální translokace MeSH
- cytokiny analýza MeSH
- gnotobiologické modely MeSH
- Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus * MeSH
- prasata MeSH
- předčasný porod mikrobiologie MeSH
- probiotika farmakologie MeSH
- proteiny těsného spoje genetika MeSH
- Salmonella typhimurium růst a vývoj MeSH
- střeva mikrobiologie patologie MeSH
- střevní mikroflóra MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- těhotenství MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Tento přehledný článek je zaměřen na některé novinky v diagnostice a léčbě ABKM u dětí a zdůrazňuje možnou roli střevní mikrobioty v patogenezi onemocnění.
This review article is focused on recent news in diagnostics and therapy of cow´s milk protein allergy in infants and children, especially focused on the potential role of intestinal microbiota in the pathogenesis of the disease.
- MeSH
- alergie na mléko * diagnóza etiologie terapie MeSH
- anemie komplikace krev MeSH
- biologické markery * krev MeSH
- diferenciální diagnóza MeSH
- ELISA metody MeSH
- imunoglobulin E izolace a purifikace škodlivé účinky MeSH
- klinický obraz nemoci * MeSH
- kojenec MeSH
- Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mléčné bílkoviny imunologie škodlivé účinky MeSH
- nedostatek vitaminu D prevence a kontrola terapie MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- probiotika metabolismus terapeutické užití MeSH
- Check Tag
- kojenec MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
Východiska: Nádorové antigeny testis (CTA) jsou považovány za nádorové biomarkery z důvodu jejich vysoce specifické exprese u lidských malignit a jelikož se téměř nevyskytují v normálních somatických tkáních. Díky své specifické expresi umožňují v posledních letech lépe stanovit včasnou diagnózu, prognózu pacientů a léčbu rakoviny. Lactobacily jsou skupina probiotik s protinádorovými, imunomodulačními a dalšími prospěšnými vlastnostmi. Bylo prokázáno, že tyto bakterie mění expresi několika genů souvisejících s nádory. Cíl: Po synchronizaci buněk HeLa pomocí MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-difenyltetrazoliumbromid] jsme pomocí kvantitativní polymerázové řetězové reakci v reálném čase zkoumali vliv supernatantu Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LRS) a supernatantu Lactobacillus crispatus SJ-3C-US (LCS) na expresi čtyř CTA (TSGA10, AURKC, OIP5 a AKAP4). Výsledky: LRS a LCS inhibovaly růst buněk HeLa po 24 hod, což bylo prokázáno pomocí MTT testu. Exprese všech CTA byly po léčbě oběma supernatanty nižší. Závěr: Tato studie prokázala úlohu laktobacilů při snížení exprese genů CTA. Taková změna exprese může být zapojena do protinádorových účinků těchto laktobacilů. Základní mechanismy těchto pozorování nejsou jasné, ale v tomto procesu se mohou účastnit epigenetické modulační mechanismy. K posouzení funkčních rolí laktobacilů v modulaci jiných genů souvisejících s nádory je třeba dalších studií.
Background: Cancer testis antigens (CTAs) are considered cancer biomarkers due to their highly specific expression pattern in human malignancies and near absence from normal somatic tissues. Their specifi c expression has made them potential targets for early diagnosis, assessment of patients' prognosis and treatment of cancer in recent years. Lactobacilli are a group of probiotics with anti-cancer, immunomodulatory and other beneficial features. These bacteria have been shown to alter expression of several cancer-related genes. Aim: We investigated the eff ect of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG supernatant (LRS) and Lactobacillus crispatus SJ-3C- -US supernatant (LCS) on expression of four CTAs (TSGA10, AURKC, OIP5 and AKAP4) in HeLa cell line after synchronization using MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] assay and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results: LRS and LCS inhibited HeLa cell growth after 24 h as demonstrated by MTT assay. Expressions of all CTAs were down-regulated after treatment with both supernatants. Conclusion: This study showed the role of Lactobacilli in down-regulation of CTAs genes. Such expression change might be involved in the anticancer effects of these Lactobacilli. The underlying mechanisms of these observations are not clear but epigenetic modulatory mechanisms may participate in this process. Future studies are needed to assess functional roles of Lactobacilli in modulation of other cancer-related genes.
This work investigates the potential bioconversion of spent coffee grounds (SCG) into lactic acid (LA). SCG were hydrolysed by a combination of dilute acid treatment and subsequent application of cellulase. The SCG hydrolysate contained a considerable amount of reducing sugars (9·02 ± 0·03 g l-1 , glucose; 26·49 ± 0·10 g l-1 galactose and 2·81 ± 0·07 g l-1 arabinose) and it was used as a substrate for culturing several lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and LA-producing Bacillus coagulans. Among the screened micro-organisms, Lactobacillus rhamnosus CCM 1825 was identified as the most promising producer of LA on a SCG hydrolysate. Despite the inhibitory effect exerted by furfural and phenolic compounds in the medium, reasonably high LA concentrations (25·69 ± 1·45 g l-1 ) and yields (98%) were gained. Therefore, it could be demonstrated that SCG is a promising raw material for the production of LA and could serve as a feedstock for the sustainable large-scale production of LA. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: Spent coffee grounds (SCG) represent solid waste generated in millions of tonnes by coffee-processing industries. Their disposal represents a serious environmental problem; however, SCG could be valorized within a biorefinery concept yielding various valuable products. Herein, we suggest that SCG can be used as a complex carbon source for the lactic acid production.
- MeSH
- Bacillus coagulans enzymologie metabolismus MeSH
- bioreaktory mikrobiologie MeSH
- biotechnologie MeSH
- celulasa metabolismus MeSH
- fermentace MeSH
- hydrolýza MeSH
- káva chemie metabolismus MeSH
- kyselina mléčná biosyntéza MeSH
- Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus enzymologie metabolismus MeSH
- odpadky - odstraňování metody MeSH
- tuhý odpad MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
The aim of this study was to characterize an in vitro modulating effect of three commensal Lactobacillus strains on cellular differentiation of non-transformed crypt-like rat small intestinal cell line IEC-18. IEC-18 was grown on extracellular matrix, with or without presence of Lactobacillus strains. Gene expression of IEC-18 bacterial detection system - such as Toll-like receptors TLR-2, TLR-4, signal adapter MyD88, cytoplasmic NOD2 receptor, inflammatory cytokines IL-18, IL-1beta, chemokine IL-8 and enzyme caspase-1 - was evaluated using real-time PCR. Expression and localization of TLR-2, TLR-4, IL-18 and caspase-1 proteins was demonstrated by Western blotting and immunofluorescent staining. Secretion of IL-18 to apical and basolateral surfaces was assayed by ELISA. Our results suggested that L. casei LOCK0919 accelerated differentiation of IEC-18 by stimulating TLR-2, TLR-4, MyD88, IL-18, caspase-1 mRNAs and proteins. L. casei LOCK0919 increased expression and transfer of villin and beta-catenin from cytoplasm to cell membrane. Presence of L. rhamnosus LOCK0900 resulted in detachment of IEC-18 layer from extracellular matrix leading to induction of IL-1beta, of TLR-2 and IL-8 mRNAs and stimulation of MyD88, caspase-1 and cytosolic receptor NOD2 mRNAs. L. rhamnosus LOCK0908 was not recognized by TLR-2 or TLR-4 receptors. Lactobacilli-IEC-18 crosstalk enhanced immune and barrier mucosal functions.
- MeSH
- beta-katenin biosyntéza MeSH
- buněčná diferenciace účinky léků MeSH
- cytokiny biosyntéza MeSH
- epitelové buňky účinky léků MeSH
- interleukin-18 biosyntéza MeSH
- kaspasa 1 biosyntéza MeSH
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus * MeSH
- Lactobacillus casei * MeSH
- messenger RNA biosyntéza MeSH
- mikrofilamentové proteiny biosyntéza MeSH
- probiotika farmakologie MeSH
- regulace genové exprese účinky léků MeSH
- střevní sliznice cytologie účinky léků MeSH
- subcelulární frakce metabolismus MeSH
- toll-like receptory biosyntéza účinky léků MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium and Enterococcus cultures are increasingly used as probiotics for humans and pigs. The aim of this study was to investigate if co-cultivation of porcine and human neutrophils with probiotics can lead to increased apoptosis in vitro. Ten adult Large white pigs and 10 healthy human donors were used in this study. Neutrophils were isolated by dextran sedimentation and cultivated with and without the lactic acid bacteria Bifidobacterium bifidum, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, and Enterococcus faecium for 2, 4, 24 and 48 h. Early and late apoptosis was measured using flow cytometry, and cell lysis was detected based on lactate dehydrogenase activity (LDH). A significant (P < 0.05; P < 0.01) increase in apoptotic neutrophils and LDH was observed at 24 h and 48 h in vitro. All probiotics exerted their greatest effects on the early apoptosis of porcine neutrophils, while the effects of L. rhamnosus were most pronounced on late apoptosis and those of B. bifidumon LDH release of human neutrophils. The increased neutrophil apoptosis caused by probiotic bacteria can be beneficial for more efficient efferocytosis and faster resolution of inflammation and tissue regeneration. In conclusion, we have demonstrated that the interaction of B. bifidum, L. rhamnosus,and E. faecium with human and porcine neutrophils leads to their apoptosis.
- MeSH
- apoptóza MeSH
- Bifidobacterium bifidum fyziologie imunologie MeSH
- Enterococcus faecium fyziologie imunologie MeSH
- Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus fyziologie imunologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- neutrofily MeSH
- probiotika * aplikace a dávkování farmakologie metabolismus MeSH
- průtoková cytometrie metody MeSH
- Sus scrofa MeSH
- techniky in vitro MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
Here, we compared the abilities of polysaccharides L900/2 and L900/3, which were previously isolated from Lactobacillus rhamnosus LOCK 0900, to modulate the immune response to bystander antigens in a mouse model of ovalbumin (OVA) sensitization. In vivo, both polysaccharides reduced the levels of OVA-specific IgE, IgE-dependent basophil degranulation and IgG2a antibodies, but had no effect on the levels of OVA-specific IgA or IgG1. Interestingly, both polysaccharides triggered recall cellular responses with distinct properties. L900/3 significantly suppressed the OVA-induced upregulations of IL-4, IL-5, IL-10 and IL-13 in re-stimulated spleen cells and mesenteric lymph nodes. Our findings support and expand on our previous in vitro studies by demonstrating that polymer L900/3 might modulate the Th1/Th2 balance and could be a promising candidate molecule for preventing allergic sensitization.
- MeSH
- alergeny imunologie MeSH
- bakteriální polysacharidy aplikace a dávkování izolace a purifikace MeSH
- bazofily imunologie MeSH
- cytokiny biosyntéza MeSH
- degranulace buněk MeSH
- imunizace * MeSH
- imunoglobulin E krev MeSH
- imunoglobulin G krev MeSH
- imunologické faktory aplikace a dávkování izolace a purifikace MeSH
- Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus chemie MeSH
- myši MeSH
- serpiny imunologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- myši MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
The growth dynamics of Lactobacillus acidophilus 145 and Lb. rhamnosus GG in substrate prepared from buckwheat, water or milk, sucrose or flavoring compound (vanilla and chocolate) was investigated. In general, during the fermentation (numbers at the end have reached values from 1.8?108 to 3.4?109 cfu g1) or storage (Nfinal from 1.8?108 to 3.3?109 cfu g1), the growth of individual strain was satisfactory. According to the evaluation of overall taste, the substrate with vanilla flavor and water, fermented by Lb. rhamnosus GG for 24 h and stored for 5 days, obtained the highest number of points. Lactobacilli had slightly cytotoxic effect on the HeLa cells and Caco-2 cells, and the percentage of inhibition after 48 and 72 h of exposure ranged from 40 to 96 % for both selected strains.
- MeSH
- apoptóza MeSH
- bezlepková dieta * MeSH
- Caco-2 buňky mikrobiologie MeSH
- celiakie dietoterapie MeSH
- Fagopyrum * MeSH
- fermentace MeSH
- HeLa buňky mikrobiologie MeSH
- Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus * izolace a purifikace růst a vývoj MeSH
- Lactobacillus acidophilus * izolace a purifikace růst a vývoj MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- probiotika * MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
