Natural sweeteners are in high demand as a part of a healthy lifestyle. Among them, sweeteners with decreased caloric value and suitability for diabetes patients are most requested. Extension in their consumption extends the need for their quality control. A fast gradient UHPLC coupled with charged aerosol detection enabling quantitation of stevioside, rebaudioside A-D, and steviolbioside in commercial sweeteners and Stevia rebaudiana plant extracts has been developed. The method was developed to achieve high efficiency, simplicity, versatility, and low solvent consumption. All steviol glycosides were baseline-separated in less than 4 min with a total run time of 7 min. Buffer-free eluents were used in the separations and only 2.45 mL solvent were needed per analysis. The Luna Omega Polar column featuring polar modification of the C18 stationary phase was employed with mobile phases composed of water and acetonitrile for the excellent separation of polar steviol glycosides. The flow rate of the mobile phase 0.35 mL/min, column temperature 50 °C and injection volume 2 µL were used. Critical pair of glycosides, stevioside and rebaudioside A, were baseline separated with a resolution of 2.41. The universal charged aerosol detector allowed quantitation of steviol glycosides with a limit of detection and quantitation 0.15 and 0.5 µg/mL, respectively. Method intra-day precision was less than 2% (RSD), and the recovery was 89.6-105.0% and 93.8-111.4% for plant material and sweetener tablets, respectively. The quantity of steviol glycosides in three out of four commercial sweeteners was 3.0-12.3% higher than declared. The content was about 12.4% less than declared in one sample. But the difference from the labeled content corresponded to trueness and precision of the developed method together with variability of sweeteners production. The most abundant glycoside detected in sweeteners was stevioside followed by rebaudioside A. A leaf-to-stem ratio describing the dominant accumulation of steviol glycosides in leaves affected the differences in the amount of steviol glycosides among plant samples.
The advanced glycated end products (AGEs) are formed in the diabetic patients; it is a major cause of macrovascular and microvascular complications in diabetes. Clinically there is no treatment available for the AGEs. Stveoside (Stv), a sweetener has potent anti-diabetic and anti-oxidant activity. Hence, we investigated its use in prevention of AGEs formation using in vitro and in vivo models. Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin (STZ). These rats were kept without treatment till blood HbA1c was markedly increased. They were then divided into 5 groups and treated orally with vehicle or Metformin (MET) or Stv respectively for 28 days. Every 7th day, animals were tested for body weight and blood glucose (BG). On the last day of treatment, all the groups were evaluated for physiological and biochemical parameters, histopathology and AGEs; N-carboxymethyl-lysine (CML) estimation. Stv showed inhibition of AGEs in in vitro as well as in in vivo respectively. Positive effects were seen on the BG, lipid profile and urine parameters as well it showed reduced formation of CML. It also showed antihyperglycaemic, antihyperlipedemic and nephroprotective activities. The present study provides scientific rationale for the use of Stv as a sweetener with additional benefits in diabetes.
- MeSH
- diabetes mellitus * prevence a kontrola terapie MeSH
- fytoterapie MeSH
- glykosidy terapeutické užití MeSH
- glykosylace * účinky léků MeSH
- komplikace diabetu * terapie MeSH
- krevní glukóza účinky léků MeSH
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lipidy MeSH
- modely nemocí na zvířatech MeSH
- produkty pokročilé glykace * MeSH
- renální insuficience prevence a kontrola MeSH
- sladidla terapeutické užití MeSH
- Stevia * MeSH
- techniky in vitro MeSH
- Check Tag
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Good flow and compaction properties are necessary for the manipulation of particulate material in the pharmaceutical industry. The influence of the addition of an alternative sweetener, rebaudioside A, in a concentration 0.2% w/w and 0.5% w/w on the flow, shear and compaction properties of sorbitol for direct compaction, Merisorb® 200, was investigated in this work. Rebaudioside A worsened the flow properties of sorbitol: the Hausner ratio, the compressibility index and the mass flow rate through the aperture of a model hopper. Using a Jenike shear cell revealed a significant increase in cohesion leading to the decrease of the flow function; moreover, the addition of rebaudioside A increased the total energy for compression of tablets and plasticity estimated by the force-displacement method. Finally, the tablets showed a higher tensile strength and needed longer time to disintegrate compared to the tablets made of sorbitol itself. In view of the results for the free-flowable excipient, sorbitol, the effects of stevia even for a 0.2% w/w concentration have to be carefully considered, particularly whenever used in pharmaceutical formulations of poor flow properties.
Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni is a herb known for the high content of natural sweeteners in its leaves. Its main secondary metabolite stevioside is used as non-caloric sweetener. No information, however, is available on whether stevioside or steviol interact with drug-metabolizing enzymes and pose the potential risk of food-drug interactions. Similarly, data are lacking on the interactions of steviol and stevioside with key nuclear receptors controlling the expression of the main drug metabolizing enzymes. We studied the interactions of steviol and stevioside with the pregnane X (PXR), vitamin D (VDR), constitutive androstane (CAR), farnesoid X (FXR), glucocorticoid (GR) and aryl hydrocarbon (AHR) receptors, which control expression of genes of xenobiotic metabolism. In addition, the inhibitory activities of steviol and stevioside towards the major cytochrome P450 enzymes CYP3A4, CYP2C9, CYP2D6, CYP1A2 and CYP2B6 were evaluated in vitro. We found that steviol moderately activated the PXR and AHR, resulting in the induction of their target genes including CYP3A4 and CYP1A2 in primary human hepatocytes. A weak inhibition of CYP3A4 and CYP2C9 with steviol was also found. Our results provide mechanistic data indicating that stevioside and stevia sweeteners may have the potential to induce food-drug interactions, a finding that warrants future prospective clinical investigation.
- MeSH
- cytochrom P-450 CYP1A2 genetika metabolismus MeSH
- diterpeny kauranové metabolismus MeSH
- hepatocyty metabolismus MeSH
- kultivované buňky MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- metabolická inaktivace MeSH
- receptory aromatických uhlovodíků genetika metabolismus MeSH
- rostlinné extrakty metabolismus MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- sladidla metabolismus MeSH
- steroidní receptory genetika metabolismus MeSH
- Stevia chemie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
The polysaccharide inulin has great importance in the food and pharmaceutical industries. The degree of polymerization (DP) of inulin influences important properties, such as, solubility, thermal stability, sweetness power and prebiotic activity. Molecules with a high degree of polymerization are obtained through physical techniques for enrichment of the inulin chains because they are not commonly obtained from plants extract. Gas chromatography/Mass Spectrometry and (1)H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance analysis showed that inulin from Stevia rebaudiana roots has a degree of polymerization (DPn 28) higher than the value of DPn 12-15 for inulins from other plant species. Furthermore, the methodology of freeze/thaw to enrich the chains allowed us to increase the DP, similarly to other methodologies used for the enrichment of inulin chains. The prebiotic assays confirm that inulin from S. rebaudiana has a high DP. The combined use of these molecules with low degree of polymerization fructans seems to be advantageous to prolong the prebiotic effect in the colon. Our results suggest that S. rebaudiana roots are a promising source of high degree polymerization inulins.
Stevie (Stevia rebaudiana) je vytrvalá bylina původem z Jižní Ameriky (Paraguay). Jihoameričtí Indiáni používali stevii odedávna jako sladidlo i jako léčivo v tradiční medicíně. Velkým problémem rozvinutého světa je vysoký výskyt obezity a cukrovky, nízkokalorickým sladidlům je proto věnována velká pozornost. Extrakt ze stevie či její izolované látky se v některých asijských zemích používají již desítky let. V Evropské unii bylo její používání povoleno až v roce 2011 a od té doby si stevie získala značnou popularitu. Kromě nulového obsahu kalorií vykazuje stevie i antidiabetický účinek, její používání diabetiky je tedy mimořádně vhodné.
Stevia rebaudiana is a perennial herb native to South America (Paraguay). South-American Indians have since time immemorial used stevia as a sweetener and in traditional medicine. Developed countries have high rates of obesity and diabetes, so low-calorie sweeteners attract much interest. Stevia extract and compounds isolated from it have been used for decades in some Asian countries. In the European Union, its use in the food industry was permitted in 2011, and since then it has gained considerable popularity. Besides its zero calorie content, Stevia also exhibits anti-diabetic properties, so its use by diabetics is particularly advisable.
- MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- sladidla * chemie terapeutické užití MeSH
- Stevia * MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
In the current study, eight strains of bifidobacteria and seven strains of lactobacilli were tested for their ability to grow in the presence of rebaudioside A and steviol glycosides from the sweetener Natusweet M001 originating from herb Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni). Stevia is gaining popularity as a natural, non-caloric sugar substitute, and recently, it was allowed as a food additive by European Union too. Utilisation of steviol glycosides by intestinal microbiota suggests that they might have potential prebiotic effect. Based on the evaluation of bacterial density and pH values in our in vitro study, it was found that lactobacilli and bifidobacteria tested were able to utilise steviol glycosides as a carbon source only to a very limited extent. All strains tested showed significantly lower change in the absorbance A540 (P < 0.05) and pH decrease of the growth media as compared with the positive controls (medium containing glucose as a carbon source and de Man Rogosa Sharpe broth). We concluded that a suggested prebiotic effect was not confirmed either in the case of rebaudioside A or in the case of the sweetener Natusweet M001 containing a mixture of steviol glycosides.
- MeSH
- Bifidobacterium metabolismus MeSH
- časové faktory MeSH
- diterpeny kauranové metabolismus MeSH
- fermentace MeSH
- glukosidy metabolismus MeSH
- koncentrace vodíkových iontů MeSH
- kultivační média chemie MeSH
- Lactobacillus metabolismus MeSH
- Stevia chemie MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Liečivé rastliny, ISSN 1335-9878 ; Roč. 50, č. 4, príloha jún 2013
7 stran : ilustrace, tabulky ; 21 cm
- MeSH
- biopotraviny MeSH
- konzervace potravin MeSH
- léčivé rostliny MeSH
- potraviny konzervované MeSH
- Stevia MeSH
- vaření MeSH
- Publikační typ
- periodika MeSH
Vyd. 1. 238 s. : il. ; 21 cm
- MeSH
- fyziologie výživy MeSH
- komplementární terapie metody MeSH
- kosmetický průmysl MeSH
- sladidla metabolismus MeSH
- Stevia MeSH
- vaření MeSH
- Publikační typ
- populární práce MeSH
