The rising number of invasive fungal infections caused by drug-resistant Candida strains is one of the greatest challenges for the development of novel antifungal strategies. The scarcity of available antifungals has drawn attention to the potential of natural products as antifungals and in combinational therapies. One of these is catechins-polyphenolic compounds-flavanols, found in a variety of plants. In this work, we evaluated the changes in the susceptibility of Candida glabrata strain characterized at the laboratory level and clinical isolates using the combination of catechin and antifungal azoles. Catechin alone had no antifungal activity within the concentration range tested. Its use in combination with miconazole resulted in complete inhibition of growth in the sensitive C. glabrata isolate and a significant growth reduction in the azole resistant C. glabrata clinical isolate. Simultaneous use of catechin and miconazole leads to increased intracellular ROS generation. The enhanced susceptibility of C. glabrata clinical isolates to miconazole by catechin was accompanied with the intracellular accumulation of ROS and changes in the plasma membrane permeability, as measured using fluorescence anisotropy, affecting the function of plasma membrane proteins.
- Klíčová slova
- děložní myomy,
- MeSH
- antagonisté estrogenu farmakologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- hormonální substituční terapie škodlivé účinky MeSH
- inhibitory aromatasy farmakologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- katechin terapeutické užití MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- myom * farmakoterapie MeSH
- selektivní modulátory estrogenních receptorů farmakologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- uterus patologie MeSH
- vitamin D terapeutické užití MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
Yeast glucan particles (GPs) are promising agents for the delivery of biologically active compounds as drugs. GPs possess their own biological activities and can act synergistically with their cargo. This study aimed to determine how incorporating artemisinin, ellagic acid, (-)-epigallocatechin gallate, morusin, or trans-resveratrol into GPs affects their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potential in vitro. Two different methods - slurry evaporation and spray drying - were used to prepare composites (GPs + bioactive compound) and the anti-inflammatory and antioxidative properties of the resultant products were compared. Several of the natural compounds showed the beneficial effects of being combined with GPs. The materials prepared by spray drying showed greater activity than those made using a rotary evaporator. Natural compounds incorporated into yeast GPs showed greater anti-inflammatory potential in vitro than simple suspensions of these compounds as demonstrated by their inhibition of the activity of transcription factors NF-κB/AP-1 and the secretion of the pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α.
- MeSH
- antiflogistika farmakologie MeSH
- antioxidancia farmakologie MeSH
- artemisininy farmakologie MeSH
- cytokiny MeSH
- flavonoidy chemie farmakologie MeSH
- glukany chemie farmakologie MeSH
- katechin analogy a deriváty chemie farmakologie MeSH
- kyselina ellagová chemie farmakologie MeSH
- monocyty účinky léků MeSH
- NF-kappa B MeSH
- resveratrol chemie farmakologie MeSH
- Saccharomyces cerevisiae - proteiny MeSH
- Saccharomyces cerevisiae MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Clostridium perfringens forms biofilms and spores that are a source of food contamination. In this study, the antibacterial activities of Lactobacillus plantarum culture supernatants (LP-S), LP-S fractions, and the plant-derived compound epigallocatechin gallate (EG) were evaluated. Specifically, their effects on the viability and biofilm-forming ability of C. perfringens were assessed. Moreover, the expression of quorum sensing-regulated genes associated with the pathogenesis of this microorganism and that of genes involved in biofilm formation was also investigated. The results showed that both EG and the LP-S exerted bactericidal activity against all C. perfringens strains tested. The minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) of EG was 75 µg/mL for all strains but ranged from 61 to 121 µg of total protein per mL for LP-S. EG exerted only minor effects on biofilm formation, whereas LP-S, particularly its 10 and 30 K fractions, significantly reduced the biofilm-forming ability of all the strains. The antibiofilm activity of LP-S was lost following preincubation with proteases, suggesting that it was mediated by a proteinaceous molecule. The treatment of C. perfringens with either EG or LP-S did not change the transcript levels of two CpAL (C. perfringens quorum-sensing Agr-like system)-related genes, agrB and agrD, which are known to be involved in the regulation of biofilms, suggesting that LP-S exerted its biofilm inhibitory activity downstream of CpAL signaling. In summary, we demonstrated the bactericidal activity of EG and LP-S against C. perfringens and antibiofilm activity of LP-S at a subinhibitory dose. Our results suggested that these compounds can be further explored for food safety applications to control agents such as C. perfringens.
In Japan, adzuki bean is cooked with rice. During the cooking, the colour of rice becomes pale red. It is postulated that the red pigment is produced from procyanidins and that the ingestion of red rice causes the production of nitric oxide (•NO) in the stomach by reacting with salivary nitrite. The increase in colour intensity accompanied the decrease in the amounts of procyanidins, suggesting the conversion of procyanidins into the red pigment during the cooking. In addition, the red pigment combined with rice strongly. The red-coloured rice produced •NO by reacting with nitrite in artificial gastric juice, and the amounts were dependent on the contents of procyanidins and the equivalents. It is suggested that although adzuki procyanidins were oxidised during cooking with rice, procyanidins and the equivalents bound to rice still have the ability to produce bioactive •NO in the stomach using nitrite in mixed whole saliva.
- MeSH
- anthokyaniny metabolismus MeSH
- biflavonoidy metabolismus MeSH
- dusitany metabolismus MeSH
- katechin metabolismus MeSH
- kyselina askorbová metabolismus MeSH
- kyselina dehydroaskorbová metabolismus MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- oxid dusnatý metabolismus MeSH
- oxidace-redukce MeSH
- peptidylprolylisomerasa Pin1 MeSH
- proantokyanidiny metabolismus MeSH
- rýže (rod) metabolismus MeSH
- škrob MeSH
- sliny MeSH
- vaření * MeSH
- vigna chemie MeSH
- vysoká teplota MeSH
- žaludeční šťáva metabolismus MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Japonsko MeSH
Combining high-carbohydrate food with polyphenol-rich food is a possible way of producing slowly digestible starch with beneficial health properties. In Japan, non-glutinous and glutinous rice are cooked with adzuki bean and the colour of the cooked rice is pale red. In this article, we show that (1) the red colour of rice could be attributed to the oxidation of adzuki bean procyanidins, (2) pancreatin-induced starch digestion of the red-coloured non-glutinous rice was slower than white rice and (3) the digestion of amylose and potato starch but not amylopectin became slower by heating with procyanidin B2. Furthermore, the rate of starch digestion of red-coloured rice was not affected by nitrite treatment under simulated gastric conditions. The above results show that procyanidins could bind to amylose independent of the starch source by heating and could suppress starch digestion by α-amylase in the intestine.
- MeSH
- alfa-amylasy MeSH
- amylopektin metabolismus MeSH
- amylosa metabolismus MeSH
- biflavonoidy MeSH
- katechin MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- pankreatin metabolismus MeSH
- proantokyanidiny metabolismus MeSH
- rýže (rod) * MeSH
- trávení * MeSH
- vaření MeSH
- vigna * MeSH
- vysoká teplota MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Japonsko MeSH
Free radical scavengers like α-phenyl-N-tert-butylnitrone (PBN) and 6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid (Trolox) have been widely used as protective agents in various biomimetic and biological models. A series of three amphiphilic Trolox and PBN derivatives have been designed by adding to those molecules a perfluorinated chain as well as a sugar group in order to render them amphiphilic. In this work, we have studied the interactions between these derivatives and lipid membranes to understand how they influence their ability to prevent membrane lipid oxidation. We showed the derivatives better inhibited the AAPH-induced oxidation of 1,2-dilinoleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DLiPC) small unilamellar vesicles (SUVs) than the parent compounds. One of the derivatives, bearing both PBN and Trolox moieties on the same fluorinated carrier, exhibited a synergistic antioxidant effect by delaying the oxidation process. We next investigated the ability of the derivatives to interact with DLiPC membranes in order to better understand the differences observed regarding the antioxidant properties. Surface tension and fluorescence spectroscopy experiments revealed the derivatives exhibited the ability to form monolayers at the air/water interface and spontaneously penetrated lipid membranes, underlying pronounced hydrophobic properties in comparison to the parent compounds. We observed a correlation between the hydrophobic properties, the depth of penetration and the antioxidant properties and showed that the location of these derivatives in the membrane is a key parameter to rationalize their antioxidant efficiency. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations supported the understanding of the mechanism of action, highlighting various key physical-chemical descriptors.
- MeSH
- antioxidancia farmakologie MeSH
- chromany (dihydrobenzopyrany) chemie MeSH
- fluor chemie MeSH
- membránové lipidy chemie MeSH
- membrány umělé MeSH
- oxidace-redukce MeSH
- oxidy dusíku chemie MeSH
- peroxidace lipidů MeSH
- synergismus léků MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
The aim of present study was to evaluate the action of green tea and its constituents on rabbit ovarian functions and some non-reproductive indexes. In in vitro experiments, rabbit ovarian fragments were cultured with green tea constituents - epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), green tea polyphenols (GTPP) and resveratrol (RSV) (at 0, 1, 10 or 100 μg/mL medium). The accumulation of an apoptosis marker - caspase 3 and the release of progesterone (P4) and testosterone (T) were measured. In in vivo experiments, does were fed a standard diet or a diet enriched with green tea powder. The weight gain, mortality, ovarian length and weight, conception and kindling rate, number of liveborn, stillborn, and weaned pups, diameter of ovarian follicles and some blood haematological and biochemical parameters were analysed. Culture of ovarian fragments with EGCG increased accumulation of caspase 3, whilst both GTTP and RSV decreased it. EGCG inhibited both P4 and T output, GTPP stimulated P4 and inhibited T, whilst RSV promoted release of both P4 and T. Feeding with green tea increased ovarian length and diameter of ovarian non-ovulated peri-ovulatory haemorrhagic but not of primary and secondary growing follicles. Furthermore, green tea reduced conception and kindling rate, the number of liveborn and weaned pups, increased female mortality but not their weight gain. It reduced platelet distribution width, but it did not affect other haematological and biochemical indexes. These observations suggest that dietary green tea can reduce rabbit doe's viability, ovarian functions and fecundity, perhaps due to changes in ovarian cell apoptosis, steroid hormones release and blockade of the ovulation of large ovarian follicles. The anti-reproductive action of green tea could be due to its constituent - EGCG with pro-apoptotic and anti-steroid hormone properties.
- MeSH
- apoptóza MeSH
- čaj chemie MeSH
- fertilita účinky léků MeSH
- kaspasa 3 metabolismus MeSH
- katechin analogy a deriváty izolace a purifikace farmakologie MeSH
- králíci * MeSH
- ovarium účinky léků metabolismus MeSH
- polyfenoly izolace a purifikace farmakologie MeSH
- resveratrol izolace a purifikace farmakologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- králíci * MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
