AIMS: A reduction of habitual physical activity due to prolonged COVID-19 quarantine can have serious consequences for patients with cardiovascular diseases, such as heart failure. This study aimed to explore the effect of COVID-19 nationwide quarantine on accelerometer-assessed physical activity of heart failure patients. METHODS AND RESULTS: We analysed the daily number of steps in 26 heart failure patients during a 6-week period that included 3 weeks immediately preceding the onset of the quarantine and the first 3 weeks of the quarantine. The daily number of steps was assessed using a wrist-worn accelerometer worn by the patients as part of an ongoing randomized controlled trial. Multilevel modelling was used to explore the effect of the quarantine on the daily step count adjusted for weather conditions. As compared with the 3 weeks before the onset of the quarantine, the step count was significantly lower during each of the first 3 weeks of the quarantine (P < 0.05). When the daily step count was averaged across the 3 weeks before and during the quarantine, the decrease amounted to 1134 (SE 189) steps per day (P < 0.001), which translated to a 16.2% decrease. CONCLUSIONS: The introduction of the nationwide quarantine due to COVID-19 had a detrimental effect on the level of habitual physical activity in heart failure patients, leading to an abrupt decrease of daily step count that lasted for at least the 3-week study period. Staying active and maintaining sufficient levels of physical activity during the COVID-19 pandemic are essential despite the unfavourable circumstances of quarantine.

• MeSH
• akcelerometrie metody   MeSH
• časové faktory MeSH
• COVID-19 MeSH
• cvičení fyziologie   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• hodnocení rizik MeSH
• karanténa * MeSH
• kohortové studie MeSH
• koronavirové infekce epidemiologie   prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• pandemie prevence a kontrola   statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• prognóza MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• srdeční selhání patofyziologie   rehabilitace   MeSH
• tělesná výkonnost fyziologie   MeSH
• test chůzí statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• virová pneumonie epidemiologie   prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• multicentrická studie MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

BACKGROUND: The reliable preoperative identification of patients at a high risk of early reoperations (<2 years after primary surgery) after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) could lead to adjustments of the surgical procedure and counseling, thus lowering the percentage of revision surgeries. METHODS: The unselected cohort consisted of 1885 patients (695 men and 1190 women) who underwent TKA implantation between September 2010 and April 2017 at a single tertiary orthopedic center. Multivariate patient similarity networks were applied to identify patient groups at a high risk of early reoperations based on 25 preoperative parameters. RESULTS: Early reoperations (109 cases, 5.8%) were less frequent in women (4.4%; median time to reoperation, 2.0 months) than in men (8.2%; 7.5 months), reaching the highest incidence in younger men (10.9%; <66 years). Of the tested preoperative parameters, the risk of reoperation in men was more likely associated with smoking or obesity (body mass index [BMI] > 30). In women, low physical activity and high BMI were the most likely risk factors for early reoperations. Other factors did not affect the risk of early reoperations, including the primary diagnosis, comorbidities, and surgeon-implanting TKA. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates the effect of smoking, physical activity, and BMI on the risk of early reoperation after TKA, with the different contribution in men/women. Identification of patient subgroups with a higher risk of early revision after TKA is needed for clinical implementation of precision medicine in orthopedics.

• MeSH
• cvičení MeSH
• index tělesné hmotnosti MeSH
• kouření škodlivé účinky   epidemiologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• pohlavní dimorfismus MeSH
• reoperace MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• totální endoprotéza kolene * škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

The aim of our study was to compare gait in terms of foot loading and temporal variables after 2 different operative approaches (the extended lateral approach [ELA] and sinus tarsi approach). Twenty-two patients who sustained an intra-articular calcaneal fracture underwent plantar pressure distribution measurements 6 months after surgery. Measurements were performed while patients walked on the pedobarography platform. The values of dynamic variables were significantly lower on the operated limb in the ELA. In the sinus tarsi approach, no differences were observed between the operated and uninjured limbs (UIN) at peak pressure and at maximal vertical force. The values of temporal variables (contact time of the foot and of the heel) between the operated and UIN differed in the ELA. The hypothesis that differences in foot load between operated and UIN will be more significant in the ELA was confirmed. Our results showed that the differences in loading and temporal variables between the operated and the UIN persisted 6 months after surgery in both methods. The operated limb was less loaded, with the tendency to shift the load toward the midfoot and forefoot. After the less invasive sinus tarsi approach, the dynamic and temporal variables on the operated limb were nearly the same as those on the healthy one. The sinus tarsi surgical approach can be recommended for treatment of displaced calcaneal fractures.

• MeSH
• biomechanika MeSH
• časové faktory MeSH
• chůze (způsob) fyziologie   MeSH
• chůze fyziologie   MeSH
• dislokovaná fraktura diagnostické zobrazování   chirurgie   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• fraktury kostí diagnostické zobrazování   chirurgie   MeSH
• hodnocení rizik MeSH
• index tělesné hmotnosti MeSH
• intraartikulární fraktury diagnostické zobrazování   chirurgie   MeSH
• kohortové studie MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• následné studie MeSH
• neparametrická statistika MeSH
• patní kost zranění   chirurgie   MeSH
• plantární plocha MeSH
• poranění nohy (od hlezna dolů) diagnostické zobrazování   chirurgie   MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• skóre závažnosti úrazu MeSH
• tlak MeSH
• vnitřní fixace fraktury metody   MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• zatížení muskuloskeletálního systému fyziologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH

The use of structural autografts from the iliac crest for reconstruction of bony defects in the hand and foot was described by Wilson and Lance in 1965. However, very few series of this technique are published and long-term results are unknown. We present a single-institution series of 23 patients with a mean follow-up of 92 months. We also describe a novel modification of this technique using the anterior superior iliac spine for reconstruction of the adjacent joint. Failure rate was 13% at mean of 17.3 months. All patients had a firm grip in the hand and walked without support. Bony fusion was achieved in all cases regardless of the type of fixation used. The use of ASIS for joint reconstruction was successful, particularly in low-demand joints. We encountered 1 case of instability and progressive stiffness in weight-bearing joints. This is a reliable method of reconstructing bony defects in the hand or foot following tumor resections.

• MeSH
• artroplastika škodlivé účinky   metody   MeSH
• autologní štěp MeSH
• chůze MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• klouby nohy (od hlezna dolů) diagnostické zobrazování   chirurgie   MeSH
• klouby ruky diagnostické zobrazování   chirurgie   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• nádory kostí diagnostické zobrazování   chirurgie   MeSH
• nemoci nohy (od hlezna dolů) diagnostické zobrazování   chirurgie   MeSH
• os ilium transplantace   MeSH
• rentgendiagnostika MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• ruka diagnostické zobrazování   chirurgie   MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• síla ruky MeSH
• zákroky plastické chirurgie škodlivé účinky   metody   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

BACKGROUND: The evaluation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has been shifting from spirometry to focus on the patients' overall health. Despite the existence of many COPD prognostic scales, there remains a large gap for improvement, in particular a scale that incorporates the current focus on overall health. METHODS: We proposed a new prognostic scale (the COPD Prognostic Score) through discussion among the authors based on published studies. Validation was retrospective, using data from the National Emphysema Treatment Trial. RESULTS: The scores ranged from 0-16, where 16 indicated the poorest prognosis. We assigned 4 points each for forced expiratory volume in one second (%predicted), the modified Medical Research Council dyspnea scale, and age; 2 points for the hemoglobin level; and one point each for decreased activity and respiratory emergency admission in the last two years. The validation cohort included 607 patients and consisted of 388 men (73.9%) and 219 women (36.1%), mean age 67 ± 6 years and an average forced expiratory volume in one second (% predicted) of 27 ± 7%. A one-point increase in the score was associated with increased all-cause death, with a hazard ratio of 1.28 (95%CI: 1.21-1.36. P < 0.001). The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves for two-year and five-year all-cause death for the new scale were 0.72 and 0.66, respectively. These values were higher than those given by the body mass index, airflow obstruction, dyspnea, and exercise capacity (BODE) index and age, dyspnea, airway obstruction (ADO) index. CONCLUSION: The preliminary validation for a new COPD prognostic scale: the COPD Prognostic Score was developed with promising results thus far. Above mentioned 16-point score accurately predicted 2-year and 5-year all-cause mortality among subjects who suffered from severe and very severe COPD.

• MeSH
• chronická obstrukční plicní nemoc mortalita   patofyziologie   MeSH
• chůze fyziologie   MeSH
• dyspnoe mortalita   patofyziologie   MeSH
• hemoglobiny metabolismus   MeSH
• Kaplanův-Meierův odhad MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• prognóza MeSH
• průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• spirometrie metody   MeSH
• stupeň závažnosti nemoci * MeSH
• usilovný výdechový objem fyziologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• validační studie MeSH

Secular trends of adiposity and motor development in preschool children since the fifties of the last century up to the beginning of this millennium were analyzed so as to reveal possible changes due to continuously differentiating lifestyle. In preschool children (n = 3678) height, weight, skinfold thickness over triceps, subscapular, and suprailiac were measured by Harpenden caliper in 1957, 1977, 1980, 1985, 1990, and 2012. Simultaneously, motor performance was tested by evaluating the achievements in broad jump and throwing a ball, as a marker of adaptation to changing level of physical activity, free games, and exercise. Along the period of five decades the values of skinfold thickness increased significantly until 2012, mainly on the trunk. Simultaneously, the level of motor performance significantly decreased. Modifications of the way of life during the mentioned five decades characterized by sedentarism and inadequate food intake as related to energy output influenced negatively both adiposity and motor performance already in preschool children. Mostly increased deposition of fat on the trunk which is considered as a marker of possible development of metabolic syndrome was apparent already in preschool age, indicating the importance of early intervention concerning also physical activity and availability for exercise since early life.

• MeSH
• adipozita fyziologie   MeSH
• cvičení * MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• obezita epidemiologie   MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• tělesná hmotnost * MeSH
• životní styl MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

IMPORTANCE: Walking impairment, a common clinical manifestation of multiple sclerosis (MS), is often measured in clinical practice and clinical trials using the Timed 25-Foot Walk (T25-FW). OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relationship between walking speed measured by the T25-FW and the Physical Component Summary (PCS) score of the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) to better understand the clinical meaning of T25-FW walking speed in MS. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: We retrospectively analyzed data from 3 clinical trials (Natalizumab Safety and Efficacy in Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis [AFFIRM], Safety and Efficacy of Natalizumab in Combination With Interferon Beta-1a in Patients With Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis [SENTINEL], and International MS Secondary Progressive Avonex Controlled Trial [IMPACT]) that included T25-FW and SF-36 scores as outcomes in patients with MS. Patients had secondary-progressive MS and an Expanded Disability Status Scale score of 3.5 to 6.5 or relapsing-remitting MS and an Expanded Disability Status Scale score of 0 to 5.0. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: We used Spearman rank correlation and Pearson product moment correlation (r ) and descriptive statistics to evaluate retrospectively the relationship between the SF-36 PCS score and T25-FW walking speed at baseline and the 2-year changes from baseline. RESULTS: Among all 2549 patients from the 3 trials, walking speed and SF-36 PCS score at baseline were significantly correlated (n = 2333; r = 0.48; P < .001). In placebo-treated patients at 2 years, the percentage of change from baseline in walking speed was significantly correlated with the change from baseline in SF-36 PCS score (r = 0.35; P < .001). Significant correlations between the change in SF-36 PCS scores and the percentage of change in walking speed at 2 years also were observed in groups receiving active treatment (r, 0.13-0.28; P ≤ .005). Among placebo-treated patients, 27.5% had a clinically meaningful worsening (≥ 5-point decrease) in SF-36 PCS scores during the 2 years. Walking speed declined by 21.8% in these patients after 2 years, but only by 5.4% in those without worsening of SF-36 PCS scores. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: In patients with MS, walking speed measured using the T25-FW correlated with SF-36 PCS scores such that a decline in walking speed of 20% to 25% corresponded to a clinically meaningful worsening of SF-36 PCS scores. A 20% to 25% decline in walking speed may be a clinically meaningful threshold for defining worsening using the T25-FW in MS clinical trials and for monitoring patients in clinical settings.

• MeSH
• chůze * MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• humanizované monoklonální protilátky terapeutické užití   MeSH
• interferon beta terapeutické užití   MeSH
• kombinovaná farmakoterapie MeSH
• kvalita života MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• plnění a analýza úkolů MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• roztroušená skleróza diagnóza   farmakoterapie   patofyziologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

AIM: The purpose of this study was to access and compare the prognostic effects of different types of cardiac rehabilitation (CR) in patients with chronic coronary artery disease. METHODS: One hundred fifty-two patients were retrospectively divided into 4 groups according to their adherence to physical activity recommendations. Patients in groups 1 and 2 participated in the guided 3-month exercise programme. Patients in group 1 then continued with individual exercise training, while patients in the group 2 stopped exercising after finishing the guide exercise programme. Patients in group 3 participated only in individual exercise training throughout the whole follow-up period, and patients in group 4 declined all exercise recommendations and did not exercise. The prognostic outcome of different types of cardiac rehabilitation was compared among the groups. In addition, patients who participated in individual exercise training according to recommendations (cohort IT+) were compared with patients who declined these activities (cohort IT-). RESULTS: During a median follow-up of 94 months, 33 deaths occurred: 17 cardiovascular and 16 non-cardiac deaths. A Kaplan-Meier survival analysis demonstrated significantly better survival rates for patients who followed a long-term aerobic exercise training (IT+) than for those who did not participate or who had only a short-term exercise programme (IT-) (P = 0.009). CONCLUSION: In our study, long-term exercise training had a higher impact on patient survival than short-term guided CR.

• MeSH
• cvičení fyziologie   MeSH
• elektrokardiografie MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• míra přežití trendy   MeSH
• následné studie MeSH
• nemoci koronárních tepen mortalita   patofyziologie   rehabilitace   MeSH
• prognóza MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• rizikové faktory MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• terapie cvičením metody   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

• MeSH
• artróza kolenních kloubů etiologie   patofyziologie   radiografie   MeSH
• chůze (způsob) fyziologie   MeSH
• chůze fyziologie   MeSH
• kloubní chrupavka radiografie   MeSH
• následné studie MeSH
• prognóza MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• rozsah kloubních pohybů fyziologie   MeSH
• stupeň závažnosti nemoci MeSH

• Konspekt
• Ortopedie. Chirurgie. Oftalmologie
• NLK Obory
• ortopedie
• revmatologie
• NLK Publikační typ
• studie

• MeSH
• cvičení fyziologie   MeSH
• koronární nemoc terapie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• prospektivní studie MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH