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Článek

Early history of posterior malleolus fractures in ankle fractures

Bartoníček, Jan
Autor Autorita ORCID Department of Orthopaedics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and the Central Military Hospital, U Vojenské nemocnice 1200, Prague 6, Czech Republic Institute of Anatomy, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, U Nemocnice 3, 128 00, Prague 2, Czech Republic
Rammelt, Stefan
Autor Rammelt, Stefan ORCID University Center of Orthopaedics, Trauma and Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus at TU Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, DE-01307, Dresden, Germany
Naňka, Ondřej
Autor Autorita ORCID Institute of Anatomy, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, U Nemocnice 3, 128 00, Prague 2, Czech Republic. Ondrej.Nanka@lf1.cuni.cz

International orthopaedics. 2024 ; 48 (8) : 2259-2267. [pub] 20231229

Int Orthop
ISSN 1432-5195
Medvik
Zdroj

INTRODUCTION: No comprehensive treatise on the early history of fractures of posterior malleolus (PM) has yet been published, and many substantial discoveries have fallen into oblivion-particularly if not having been published in English originally. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Literature search was performed in original publications and historical sources. RESULTS: Early history of PM fractures from their first description up to the beginnings of their operative treatment may be divided into three basic periods, covering the era between 1828 and 1940. In the pre-radiological period (1828-1895), description of PM injuries was based merely on the autopsy findings in deceased patients. The first mentions of this injury were published by the British authors. In the radiologic period (1899-1916), the x-ray examination started a revolution also in diagnostics of ankle fractures, with the first radiographs performed as early as in 1899. Radiographic examination had subsequently become an integral part of the diagnostics of these injuries and initiated a number of significant studies of PM fractures. The first detailed mention of a PM injury may be found in the French and German literature. The period of early operative treatment (1918-1940), i.e., open reduction and internal fixation of PM, was started by the younger post-WWI generation, primarily the French surgeons, represented by Gaston Picot. His operative technique and the first six cases treated operatively between 1918 and 1921 were described in 1921 by Edouard Huc. Picot himself published his technique in great detail in 1923. CONCLUSION: The early history of diagnostics and treatment of PM fractures witnesses the remarkable body of knowledge gathered about that topic by numerous visionary surgeons predominantly French and German surgeons immediately before and after World War I. They substantially contributed to the radiological examination and operative treatment of this injury.

MeSH
dějiny 19. století MeSH
dějiny 20. století MeSH
fraktury kotníku * dějiny chirurgie diagnóza MeSH
lidé MeSH
rentgendiagnostika metody MeSH
vnitřní fixace fraktury dějiny metody MeSH
Check Tag
dějiny 19. století MeSH
dějiny 20. století MeSH
lidé MeSH
Publikační typ
časopisecké články MeSH
historické články MeSH
přehledy MeSH

Článek

Osteosyntéza zlomenin v předaseptickém období
[Osteosynthesis of fractures in the preaseptic period]

Bartoníček, Jan, 1955-
Autor Autorita ORCID Klinika ortopedie 1. LF UK a ÚVN, Praha

Praktický lékař. 2024 ; 104 (4) : 212-217.

ISSN 0032-6739
Medvik
Zdroj

První úspěšnou osteosyntézu u pacienta s otevřenou zlomeninou bérce v předaseptickém období provedl pomocí zlatého drátu vlámský chirurg Dominique Le Roy v roce 1796 v Antverpách. V první polovině 19. století našel řadu následovníků, mezi nimi i Achille-Cléophase Flauberta, otce spisovatele Gustava Flauberta, kteří ošetřili otevřenou operací jak akutní zlomeniny, tak paklouby. Prakticky ve všech případech došlo ke hnisání, u některých pacientů se kost přesto zhojila, jiné případy skončily amputací nebo dokonce smrtí. Přes řadu neúspěchů byly jednotlivé operace inspirací pro další generaci chirurgů. Trvalo však dalších 40 let, než byly belgickým chirurgem Albinem Lambottem položeny základy moderní osteosyntézy.

The first successful internal fixation in the pre-aseptic period was performed by the Flemish surgeon Dominique Le Roy in 1796 in Antwerpen, using a gold wire in a patient with an open fracture of the lower leg. In the first half of 19th century, he was followed by a number of other surgeons, among them Achille-Cléophase Flaubert, father of the famous novelist Gustav Flaubert, who treated both acute fractures and non-unions. Almost all operations resulted in suppuration, however, in many patients the fracture healed, while other cases ended in amputation or even death. Despite a series of failures, individual operations inspired the next generation of surgeons. Nevertheless, it took another 40 years before the foundations of modern internal fixation were laid by the Belgian surgeon Albin Lambotte.

Článek

How Technical Advances Changed the Concept of Antibodies

Immunological reviews. 2024 ; 328 (1) : 39-48. [pub] 20241121

Immunol Rev
ISSN 1600-065X
Medvik
Zdroj

Shaped by advances in scientific instrumentation and experimental techniques, the concept of antibody has undergone profound transformations throughout the history of immunology. Serological assays, separation techniques, protein fragmentation techniques, molecular biology techniques, and other methodological innovations did not only serve to produce data on the structure and function of these molecules but, by framing antibodies into a unique facet of experimental investigation, were effectively redefining and reconceptualizing these molecules for the scientific community. The characteristics and properties of antibodies observed in experimental settings were often directly extrapolated to their presumed nature in living organisms, as exemplified by the literal identification of antibodies with a gamma electrophoretic fraction in the 1930s. Stemming from parallel advances in related fields such as molecular biology and biochemistry, the introduction of novel techniques was driving shifts in the field of immunology, establishing novel frameworks of theoretical conceptualization and understanding. Technological innovation in experimental techniques continues to shape our view of these molecules, driving progress in both basic immunology and therapeutic applications.