Introduction: Effective coping mechanisms and available support systems are essential to managing the disease and maintaining the mental health of women with breast cancer. It has been found that spirituality and religion can be an important supportive element in coping with cancer and its consequences. Aim: To analyse spiritual and religious (s/r) interventions provided by health care professionals to breast cancer patients, and their relationship to physical health, psychosocial, and spiritual outcomes. Methods: Integrative literature review of systematic literature reviews and/or meta-analysis was chosen. PubMed and Web of Science databases for the period 2013-2023 after entering the keywords "spiritual, religious, existential, positive psychology, mindfulness, interventions, breast cancer, cancer" in English were searched. Results: The review included 13 systematic reviews and/or meta-analyses (SRMA). Effect of mindfulness intervention was most frequently analysed. S/r interventions significantly associated with improvements in spiritual and existential well-being, quality of life and personal well-being, hope, optimism, cognitive functions and reductions of anxiety, depression, hopelessness, stress, and fatigue. Two SRMA found that s/r interventions were associated with improvements in cortisol levels, inflammatory cytokine activity, and lymphocyte function. Conclusion: The analysed studies showed that s/r interventions are associated with improved biological, psychosocial and spiritual outcomes, which supports the application of these interventions in clinical practice.
- MeSH
- komplementární terapie klasifikace metody MeSH
- kvalita života MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- náboženství a psychologie MeSH
- nádory prsu * psychologie terapie MeSH
- přehledová literatura jako téma MeSH
- psychoterapie metody MeSH
- spirituální terapie * klasifikace metody MeSH
- statistika jako téma MeSH
- ukládání a vyhledávání informací metody statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- všímavost metody MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
BACKGROUND: Considering the recently growing number of potentially traumatic events in Europe, the European Psychiatric Association undertook a study to investigate clinicians' treatment choices for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). METHODS: The case-based analysis included 611 participants, who correctly classified the vignette as a case of PTSD, from Central/ Eastern Europe (CEE) (n = 279), Southern Europe (SE) (n = 92), Northern Europe (NE) (n = 92), and Western Europe (WE) (N = 148). RESULTS: About 82% woulduse antidepressants (sertraline being the most preferred one). Benzodiazepines and antipsychotics were significantly more frequently recommended by participants from CEE (33 and 4%, respectively), compared to participants from NE (11 and 0%) and SE (9% and 3%). About 52% of clinicians recommended trauma-focused cognitive behavior therapy and 35% psychoeducation, irrespective of their origin. In the latent class analysis, we identified four distinct "profiles" of clinicians. In Class 1 (N = 367), psychiatrists would less often recommend any antidepressants. In Class 2 (N = 51), clinicians would recommend trazodone and prolonged exposure therapy. In Class 3 (N = 65), they propose mirtazapine and eye movement desensitization reprocessing therapy. In Class 4 (N = 128), clinicians propose different types of medications and cognitive processing therapy. About 50.1% of participants in each region stated they do not adhere to recognized treatment guidelines. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians' decisions for PTSD are broadly similar among European psychiatrists, but regional differences suggest the need for more dialogue and education to harmonize practice across Europe and promote the use of guidelines.
- MeSH
- antidepresiva terapeutické užití MeSH
- kognitivně behaviorální terapie * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- posttraumatická stresová porucha * farmakoterapie psychologie MeSH
- psychiatři MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- kazuistiky MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Evropa MeSH
The aim of the current pilot study is to depict the pattern of management of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in Saudi Arabia, focusing on the efficacy of risperidone in reducing the target symptoms of ASD compared to only behavioral therapy. A cross-sectional study was conducted at two main centers for 10 months. On a convenience basis, prospective visits were scheduled for children, who had received regular behavioral therapy and/or antipsychotics¬ (mainly risperidone), and their parents to assess the efficacy and side-effects of the treatment. The improvement of symptoms of ASD was assessed using the Aberrant Behavior Checklist-Community Version (ABC-CV) including five subdomains: Irritability, Lethargy, Stereotypic behavior, Hyperactivity, and Inappropriate speech. Twenty-nine children (26 boys and 3 girls) with a mean age of 8.96 years (range: 5-15 years) were included in this study. The distribution of management strategy was: risperidone (11, 37.9%), behavioral therapy only (9, 31.0%), risperidone and behavioral therapy (9, 31.0%). The use of a combination of antipsychotics and psychostimulants (17.24%) was less common than in a previous American study (38%). Surprisingly, scores for all ABC subdomains were higher than those of previous studies, indicating less efficacy of risperidone in this group. Additionally, for the Lethargy subdomain, the score was 74.3±24.3. Interestingly, children who received behavioral therapy only, had lower scores compared to their counterparts who received risperidone only in all ABC subdomains and the total score. Consistent with other reports, this study highlighted the efficacy of risperidone alongside behavioral therapy on reducing hyperactivity symptoms and total ABC score. Despite the published data regarding the efficacy and safety of risperidone, supporting that it may have an important role in the management of ASD in children, further prospective design studies in Saudi Arabia are warranted to confirm the findings or encourage its continuous employment as long-term maintenance therapy.
- MeSH
- duševní zdraví výchova MeSH
- interpersonální vztahy MeSH
- kognitivně behaviorální terapie MeSH
- kvalita života * psychologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nádory * psychologie MeSH
- onkologické ošetřovatelství trendy MeSH
- psychická pohoda MeSH
- štěstí MeSH
- všímavost výchova MeSH
- výchova a vzdělávání MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- novinové články MeSH
OBJECTIVE: Increasing numbers of young people attending university has raised concerns about the capacity of student mental health services to support them. We conducted a randomised controlled trial (RCT) to explore whether provision of an 8 week mindfulness course adapted for university students (Mindfulness Skills for Students-MSS), compared with university mental health support as usual (SAU), reduced psychological distress during the examination period. Here, we conduct an economic evaluation of MSS+SAU compared with SAU. DESIGN AND SETTING: Economic evaluation conducted alongside a pragmatic, parallel, single-blinded RCT comparing provision of MSS+SAU to SAU. PARTICIPANTS: 616 university students randomised. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary economic evaluation assessed the cost per quality-adjusted life year (QALY) gained from the perspective of the university counselling service. Costs relate to staff time required to deliver counselling service offerings. QALYs were derived from the Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation Dimension 6 Dimension (CORE-6D) preference based tool, which uses responses to six items of the Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation Outcome Measure (CORE-OM; primary clinical outcome measure). Primary follow-up duration was 5 and 7 months for the two recruitment cohorts. RESULTS: It was estimated to cost £1584 (2022 prices) to deliver an MSS course to 30 students, £52.82 per student. Both costs (adjusted mean difference: £48, 95% CI £40-£56) and QALYs (adjusted mean difference: 0.014, 95% CI 0.008 to 0.021) were significantly higher in the MSS arm compared with SAU. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) was £3355, with a very high (99.99%) probability of being cost-effective at a willingness-to-pay threshold of £20 000 per QALY. CONCLUSIONS: MSS leads to significantly improved outcomes at a moderate additional cost. The ICER of £3355 per QALY suggests that MSS is cost-effective when compared with the UK's National Institute for Health and Care Excellence thresholds of £20 000 per QALY. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry, ACTRN12615001160527.
- MeSH
- analýza nákladů a výnosů MeSH
- kvalita života MeSH
- kvalitativně upravené roky života MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- psychický distres * MeSH
- studenti psychologie MeSH
- univerzity MeSH
- všímavost * MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- pragmatická klinická studie MeSH
- randomizované kontrolované studie MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Austrálie MeSH
Vydání první 222 stran ; 21 cm
Příručka, která se zaměřuje na psychoterapii traumat u dětí a dospívajících pomocí umění, hry a mindfulness. Určeno odborné veřejnosti.
- MeSH
- arteterapie MeSH
- dětská psychiatrie MeSH
- optimismus MeSH
- posttraumatický růst MeSH
- psychiatrie adolescentů MeSH
- psychické trauma MeSH
- sebepojetí MeSH
- terapie hrou MeSH
- všímavost MeSH
- Publikační typ
- příručky MeSH
- Konspekt
- Fyzioterapie. Psychoterapie. Alternativní lékařství
- NLK Obory
- psychoterapie
- pediatrie
PURPOSE: The study aims to provide an updated overview of studies that show the impact of psychotherapeutic interventions on fear of cancer recurrence (FCR), to explore the relationship between FCR and related factors (psychological distress, well-being, anxiety, depression, fear, coping strategies, quality of life), and to identify the most effective therapeutic approaches in managing FCR. METHODS: Three databases were searched between January 2021 and April 2021 using the key words "fear of cancer recurrence - psychotherapy - intervention" following the a priori established PRISMA protocol. RESULTS: Thirteen studies were included in the final review. The database search identified 239 potential papers. After removing duplicates and irrelevant articles by title and language, population, and type of study, 13 articles were assessed for eligibility of the abstract, and 13 full-text articles were reviewed and included in this systematic review. The studies were mainly from the Netherlands (4 out of 13). Positive benefits of therapeutic interventions on FCR were reported. CONCLUSIONS: This research highlights challenges in using therapeutic approaches in dealing with FCR and its management. Therapeutic intervention is an effective means of managing not only FCR but also related factors (distress, well-being, quality of life). However, individual needs and preferences must be taken into consideration whilst choosing a therapeutic approach. Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT), acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT), and mindfulness-based interventions are the most used approaches with CBT being the most effective, especially in a blended form (i.e. standard CBT combined with other self-help activities). IMPLICATIONS FOR CANCER SURVIVORS: The aim was to provide information about the most effective therapeutic approaches for coping with FCR.
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- kvalita života MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lokální recidiva nádoru terapie psychologie MeSH
- přežívající onkologičtí pacienti * psychologie MeSH
- strach psychologie MeSH
- terapie přijetí a odevzdání * MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
- systematický přehled MeSH
BACKGROUND: Improving Access to Psychological Therapies (IAPT) services address anxiety and depression in primary care, with psychotic disorders typically excluded. Our previous research found 1 in 4 patients report distressing psychotic experiences (PE) alongside common mental disorders, yet little is known about their clinical presentation and impact on recovery. METHODS: We used the Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences - Positive Scale (CAPE-P15) to assess the clinical presentation and symptomatic profile of PE within IAPT settings across three National Health Service (NHS) trusts, serving a diverse population in Southern England. We identified different classes based on the reported PE frequencies using latent class analysis. RESULTS: A total of 2042 IAPT patients completed the CAPE-P15. The mean age was 39.8 (±15.3) years. We identified five distinct classes of symptom profiles, findings that PE were common, especially self-referential and persecutory ideas. Prevalence and intensity increased across classes, extending to bizarre experiences and perceptual abnormalities in the fifth and least common class. Perceptual abnormalities were a strong indicator of symptom severity, with patients being the least likely to achieve recovery by the end of treatment. LIMITATIONS: Data were collected during a service evaluation. Replication of these findings across other IAPT services could prove beneficial. We did not collect information on negative PE. CONCLUSIONS: Patients seeking treatment for anxiety and depression in primary care commonly experience a wide range of positive PE. Self-referential and persecutory ideation were prevalent; perceptual abnormalities were infrequent. Providing information about prevalence and tailoring therapy may help reduce patient distress.
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- dostupnost zdravotnických služeb MeSH
- duševní poruchy * epidemiologie terapie MeSH
- kognitivně behaviorální terapie * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- primární zdravotní péče MeSH
- psychotické poruchy * psychologie MeSH
- státní lékařství MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Anglie MeSH
Pozadí: Tato studie zkoumá dopad tréninkového programu zaměřeného na snižování stresu, deprese a úzkosti na základě všímavosti u zdravotních sester v Maroku. Metody: Účastníci byli vybráni z nemocnice v provincii Tetouan v Maroku. Jednalo se o 80 nemocničních sester, 59 žen a 21 mužů. Byli náhodně rozděleni do intervenční skupiny a kontrolní skupiny, v každé skupině bylo 40 účastníků. Jako psychologická intervence v intervenční skupině byl použit osmitýdenní trénink na všímavost. K posouzení výsledků obou skupin před a po intervenci byla použita škála deprese, úzkosti a stresu a pětiúrovňový dotazník zaměřený na všímavost. Výsledky: Intervenční skupina vykazovala významné rozdíly v průměrném post-testovém skóre od pre-testu v proměnných: deprese (η2 = 0,249; p < 0,001), úzkost = (η2 = 0,282; p < 0,001) a stres = (η2 = 0,396 p < 0,001), stejně jako ve FFMQ (η2 = 0,379; p < 0,001). Podobně čtyřměsíční sledování odhalilo, že všechny proměnné vykazovaly statisticky významné rozdíly se stejnou velikostí účinku (η2 = 1,387; p < 0,001). Závěr: Výcvikový program MBSR je účinná psychoterapeutická intervence založená na důkazech pro léčbu deprese, úzkosti a stresu u nemocničních sester. Doporučují se další hloubkové studie založené na neurovědeckých datech pomocí elektroencefalogramu (EEG) evokovaných mozkových potenciálů.
Background: This study examines the impact of a mindfulness-based stress reduction-training program on depression, anxiety, and stress among nurses in Morocco. Methods: Participants were selected from a hospital in the province of Tetouan, Morocco. They included 80 hospital nurses, 59 women and 21 men. They were randomly assigned to an intervention group and a control group, with 40 participants in each group. An eight-week mindfulness training was used as a psychological intervention in the intervention group. To assess the outcomes of both groups before and after the intervention, a depression, anxiety, and stress scale and a five-facet mindfulness questionnaire were used. Results: In the intervention group, mean post-test scores showed significant differences from pre-test in the depression variable (η2 = 0.249; p < 0.001), Anxiety = (η2 = 0.282; p < 0.001), and Stress = (η2 = 0.396; p < 0.001), as well as in the FFMQ (η2 = 0.379; p < 0.001. Similarly, a 4-month follow-up revealed that all variables showed statistically significant differences, with an equally large effect size (η2 = 1.387; p < 0.001). Conclusion: The MBSR training program is an effective, evidence-based psychotherapeutic intervention for treating depression, anxiety, and stress in hospital nurses. Further in-depth studies based on neuroscientific data using electroencephalogram (EEG) evoked brain potentials are recommended.
