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6 záznamů v Medvik Filtry

Článek

Effect of Graviola (Annona Muricata l.) and Ginger (Zingiber Officinale Roscoe) on Diabetes Mellitus Induced in Male Wistar Albino Rats

Al Syaad, K. M
Autor Al Syaad, K. M Biology Department, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
Elsaid, F. G
Autor Elsaid, F. G Biology Department, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
Abdraboh, M. E
Autor Abdraboh, M. E Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
Al-Doaiss, A. A
Autor Al-Doaiss, A. A Biology Department, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia Anatomy and Histology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Sana'a University, Sana'a, Republic of Yemen

Folia biologica (Praha). 2019 ; 65 (5-6) : 275-284.

Folia biol. (Praha)
ISSN 0015-5500
Medvik
Zdroj

Annona and ginger have prominent uses in traditional medicine; their therapeutic properties have not been sufficiently explored. The ameliorative effect of Annona or ginger extracts on hyperglycaemia associated with oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in experimentally induced diabetes was addressed. Type 1 diabetes in male rats was induced by a single injection of streptozotocin (STZ; 40 mg/kg, i.p.), then Annona (100 mg/kg) or ginger (200 mg/kg) extracts were orally administered daily for 30 days. The Annona and ginger extracts ameliorated hyperglycaemia, insulin level, glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) levels in the diabetic rats. The treatments significantly ameliorated liver function enzymes and total proteins; this was confirmed by histopathological examination of liver sections. Annona and ginger extracts significantly reduced elevated malondialdehyde (MDA) and restored activity of antioxidant enzymes in the liver such as glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) and the hepatic content of reduced glutathione (GSH). The oxidative stressdependent inflammation was regulated by both Annona and ginger extracts, which was indicated by down-regulation of TNF-α, NF-κB, pro-apoptotic proteins Bax, p53, and anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2. Moreover, the expression of insulin receptor (INSR) and glucose transporter 2 (GLUT2) genes was markedly regulated by both these extracts. The results suggest that Annona and ginger extracts ameliorate the hepatic damage resulting from diabetes by advocating antioxidants and modulating apoptotic mediator proteins in the liver of diabetic rats. In conclusion, Annona and ginger extracts have a potential therapeutic effect in the treatment of diabetes and its complications.

Článek

GLUT2 and TAS1R2 Polymorphisms and Susceptibility to Dental Caries

Caries research. 2015 ; 49 (4) : 417-424. [pub] 20150624

Caries Res
ISSN 1421-976X
Medvik
Zdroj

OBJECTIVE: Dental caries is one of the most frequent multifactorial diseases. Among the numerous factors influencing the risk of caries, genetics plays a substantial role, with heritability ranging from 40 to 60%. Gene variants affecting taste preference and glucose transport were recently associated with caries risk. The aim of this study was to analyze two common polymorphisms in the sweet taste receptor (TAS1R2) and glucose transporter (GLUT2) genes in children with dental caries and healthy controls in the Czech population. METHODS: A total of 637 unrelated Caucasian children, aged 11-13 years, were included in this case-control study. One hundred and fifty-five subjects were caries-free (with decayed/missing/filled teeth, DMFT = 0) and 482 children were caries-affected (DMFT ≥ 1). The TAS1R2 (Ile191Val, rs35874116) and GLUT2 (Thr110Ile, rs5400) genotypes were determined using the 5' nuclease TaqMan® assay for allelic discrimination. RESULTS: Compared with subjects with the common Thr allele, carriers of the Ile allele of GLUT2 had significantly more frequently dental caries (p < 0.05, OR = 1.639, 95% CI: 1.089-2.466). Similarly, children with the Val allele for the TAS1R2 Ile191Val polymorphism were more frequently affected by caries than children who carried the Ile allele (p < 0.05, OR = 1.413, 95% CI: 1.014-1.969). In contrast, no significant associations between GLUT2 and/or TAS1R2 polymorphisms and fillings were found, but allele frequencies of the TAS1R2 variant were marginally significantly different between children with DMFT = 0 and DMFT ≥1 (p = 0.053, OR = 1.339, 95% CI: 0.996-1.799). However, no significant interaction between both genes and risk of dental caries was found. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, GLUT2 and TASR1 polymorphisms may influence the risk of caries in the Czech population.

MeSH
dítě MeSH
DMF Index MeSH
extrakce zubů statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
frekvence genu genetika MeSH
genetická variace genetika MeSH
genotyp MeSH
guanin MeSH
indexy plaku MeSH
isoleucin genetika MeSH
jednonukleotidový polymorfismus genetika MeSH
lidé MeSH
mladiství MeSH
náchylnost k zubnímu kazu genetika MeSH
parodontální index MeSH
polymorfismus genetický genetika MeSH
přenašeč glukosy typ 2 genetika MeSH
receptory spřažené s G-proteiny genetika MeSH
studie případů a kontrol MeSH
threonin genetika MeSH
thymin MeSH
trvalá zubní náhrada statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
valin genetika MeSH
zubní kaz genetika MeSH
Check Tag
dítě MeSH
lidé MeSH
mladiství MeSH
mužské pohlaví MeSH
ženské pohlaví MeSH
Publikační typ
časopisecké články MeSH
práce podpořená grantem MeSH
srovnávací studie MeSH
Geografické názvy
Česká republika MeSH

Kniha

Intherited kidney diseases : clinical and basic science

Oxford : Oxford University Press, 2014

Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation, ISSN 0931-0509 Volume 29, Number S4, September 2014

153 stran : ilustrace, tabulky ; 28 cm

MeSH
cystinóza MeSH
dědičná nefritida MeSH
Gitelmanův syndrom MeSH
hemolyticko-uremický syndrom MeSH
nemoci ledvin genetika MeSH
polycystické ledviny autozomálně dominantní MeSH
přenašeč glukosy typ 2 MeSH
subarachnoidální krvácení MeSH
transplantace ledvin MeSH
Publikační typ
sborníky MeSH

Článek

Patofyziologie renálního metabolismu glukózy

Medicína po promoci. 2012 ; 13 (5-6) : 60-64.

Med. promoci
ISSN 1212-9445
Medvik
Zdroj

Při různých patologických stavech se může měnit způsob, jímž ledviny zasahují do metabolismu glukózy. Článek se zaměřuje na patofyziologii renální reabsorpce glukózy a patofyziologii renální glukoneogeneze. V prvním případě popisuje mechanismy spojené s úplným chyběním SGLT2, hlavního transportního proteinu pro glukózu. Dále je zde probrána familiární renální glykosurie – dědičné onemocnění, které je ve většině případů spojeno pouze s izolovanou glykosurií. Následně je rozebrána reabsorpce glukózy u diabetu. V druhé části textu jsou diskutovány změny v regulaci renální glukoneogeneze u diabetiků a příčiny a důsledky ukládání glykogenu v ledvinách.

Various pathological conditions may alter the participation of the kidney in glucose metabolism. This article focuses on pathophysiology of renal glucose reabsorption and on pathophysiology of renal gluconeogenesis. As for the former, mechanisms associated with complete deficit of SGLT2, the main transport protein of glucose, are described. Familial renal glucosuria, a hereditary disease mostly manifesting by an isolated glucosuria, is also discussed. Attention is then given to reabsorption of glucose in diabetes. The second part of the text focuses on changes in the regulation of renal gluconeogenesis in diabetics and on causes and consequences of glycogen deposition in the kidney.