• MeSH
• bazocelulární karcinom * chirurgie   diagnostické zobrazování   patologie   MeSH
• čelo anatomie a histologie   patologie   MeSH
• komorbidita MeSH
• lentigo maligna kůže * chirurgie   diagnostické zobrazování   patologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nádory kůže chirurgie   diagnostické zobrazování   patologie   MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• Publikační typ
• kazuistiky MeSH

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate sexual dimorphism of facial form and shape and to describe differences between the average female and male face from 12 to 15 years. SETTING AND SAMPLE POPULATION: Overall 120 facial scans from healthy Caucasian children (17 boys, 13 girls) were longitudinally evaluated over a 4-year period between the ages of 12 and 15 years. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Facial surface scans were obtained using a three-dimensional optical scanner Vectra-3D. Variation in facial shape and form was evaluated using geometric morphometric and statistical methods (DCA, PCA and permutation test). Average faces were superimposed, and the changes were evaluated using colour-coded maps. RESULTS: There were no significant sex differences (p > 0.05) in shape in any age category and no differences in form in the 12- and 13-year-olds, as the female faces were within the area of male variability. From the age of 14, a slight separation occurred, which was statistically confirmed. The differences were mainly associated with size. Generally boys had more prominent eyebrow ridges, more deeply set eyes, a flatter cheek area, and a more prominent nose and chin area. CONCLUSION: The development of facial sexual dimorphism during pubertal growth is connected with ontogenetic allometry.

• MeSH
• analýza hlavních komponent MeSH
• anatomická variace MeSH
• brada anatomie a histologie   MeSH
• čelo anatomie a histologie   MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• fotogrammetrie metody   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• longitudinální studie MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• nos anatomie a histologie   MeSH
• obličej anatomie a histologie   MeSH
• obočí anatomie a histologie   MeSH
• oči anatomie a histologie   MeSH
• optické zobrazování metody   MeSH
• pohlavní dimorfismus * MeSH
• puberta fyziologie   MeSH
• ret anatomie a histologie   MeSH
• tvář anatomie a histologie   MeSH
• ústa anatomie a histologie   MeSH
• věkové faktory MeSH
• zobrazování trojrozměrné metody   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH

Sexual dimorphism is responsible for a substantial part of human facial variability, the study of which is essential for many scientific fields ranging from evolution to special biomedical topics. Our aim was to analyse the relationship between size variability and shape facial variability of sexual traits in the young adult Central European population and to construct average surface models of adult males and females. The method of geometric morphometrics allowed not only the identification of dimorphic traits, but also the evaluation of static allometry and the visualisation of sexual facial differences. Facial variability in the studied sample was characterised by a strong relationship between facial size and shape of sexual dimorphic traits. Large size of face was associated with facial elongation and vice versa. Regarding shape sexual dimorphic traits, a wide, vaulted and high forehead in combination with a narrow and gracile lower face were typical for females. Variability in shape dimorphic traits was smaller in females compared to males. For female classification, shape sexual dimorphic traits are more important, while for males the stronger association is with face size. Males generally had a closer inter-orbital distance and a deeper position of the eyes in relation to the facial plane, a larger and wider straight nose and nostrils, and more massive lower face. Using pseudo-colour maps to provide a detailed schematic representation of the geometrical differences between the sexes, we attempted to clarify the reasons underlying the development of such differences.

• MeSH
• analýza metodou konečných prvků MeSH
• čelo anatomie a histologie   MeSH
• faciální stigmatizace MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• modely anatomické MeSH
• nos anatomie a histologie   MeSH
• oči anatomie a histologie   MeSH
• pohlavní dimorfismus MeSH
• zobrazování trojrozměrné MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Evropa MeSH

• MeSH
• čelo anatomie a histologie   MeSH
• mozek anatomie a histologie   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• monografie MeSH

• Konspekt
• Anatomie člověka a srovnávací anatomie
• NLK Obory
• anatomie