AIMS: Ossifying fibromyxoid tumour is a rare mesenchymal neoplasm predominantly affecting adults characterised by a multinodular growth pattern and the presence of a fibrous pseudocapsule with areas of ossification. Prompted by the recognition of a non-ossifying ossifying fibromyxoid tumour with lipomatous differentiation which caused diagnostic difficulty, we sought to further explore cases of ossifying fibromyxoid tumour with non-osseous heterologous elements. METHODS AND RESULTS: A search of our institutional and consultation archives revealed three additional cases that demonstrated lipomatous components and two cases with cartilaginous differentiation. RNA-sequencing revealed fusions involving PHF1 (n = 4) or EPC1 (n = 1) in all (five of five) cases tested, including EPC1::PHC1 and JAZF1::PHF1 fusions, which have not been reported before in ossifying fibromyxoid tumour. CONCLUSION: These six cases expand the histomorphological spectrum of ossifying fibromyxoid tumour, introducing lipomatous differentiation as a hitherto undocumented feature. Awareness of these rare variants will ensure appropriate diagnosis and clinical management.
- MeSH
- buněčná diferenciace MeSH
- chrupavka patologie MeSH
- diferenciální diagnóza MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lipom * patologie diagnóza genetika MeSH
- nádory měkkých tkání * patologie diagnóza genetika MeSH
- osifikující kostní fibrom * patologie diagnóza genetika MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- kazuistiky MeSH
Calcified chondroid mesenchymal neoplasm is a term proposed for tumors with a spectrum of morphologic features, including cartilage/chondroid matrix formation, that frequently harbor FN1 gene fusions. We report a series of 33 cases of putative calcified chondroid mesenchymal neoplasms, mostly referred for expert consultation out of concern for malignancy. Patients included 17 males and 16 females, with a mean age of 51.3 years. Anatomic locations include the hands and fingers, feet and toes, head and neck, and temporomandibular joint; 1 patient presented with multifocal disease. Radiologic review showed soft tissue masses with variable internal calcification, which occasionally scalloped bone but in all cases appeared indolent/benign. Tumors had a mean gross size of 2.1 cm and a homogenous rubbery to fibrous/gritty tan-white cut surface. Histology demonstrated multinodular architecture with a prominent chondroid matrix and increased cellularity towards the periphery of the nodules. The tumor cells were polygonal with eccentric nuclei and bland cytologic features and showed a variable amount of increased spindled / fibroblastic forms in the perinodular septa. The majority of cases had notable grungy and/or lacy calcifications. A subset of cases demonstrated at least focal areas of increased cellularity and osteoclast-like giant cells. Herein, we confirm the distinct morphologic and clinicopathologic features associated with this entity with the largest series to date, with a focus on practical diagnostic separation from similar chondroid neoplasms. Awareness of these features is critical in avoiding pitfalls, including a malignant diagnosis of chondrosarcoma.
- MeSH
- chondrosarkom * patologie MeSH
- chrupavka patologie MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nádory kostí * diagnostické zobrazování genetika patologie MeSH
- nádory z pojivové a měkké tkáně * diagnostické zobrazování genetika MeSH
- prsty nohy patologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
69- letá žena s diagnostikovaným maligním melanomem s chondroidní diferenciací na 5. prstu plosky pravé nohy. Jedná se o méně obvyklou variantu maligního melanomu, která vzhledem k histomorfologickému obrazu může způsobit diagnostické obtíže.
69-year-old woman diagnosed with malignant melanoma with chondroid differentiation, localized on the fifth finger of her right toe. This tumor represents a rare variant of melanoma, histomorphological features of which may lead to diagnostic uncertainty.
- Klíčová slova
- divergentní diferenciace,
- MeSH
- chrupavka patologie MeSH
- imunohistochemie metody MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- melanom * diagnóza MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kazuistiky MeSH
- Klíčová slova
- diacerein, DMOAD,
- MeSH
- anthrachinony aplikace a dávkování farmakologie MeSH
- antirevmatika farmakologie škodlivé účinky terapeutické užití MeSH
- artroplastiky kloubů MeSH
- artróza kolenních kloubů diagnostické zobrazování MeSH
- artróza kyčelních kloubů diagnostické zobrazování MeSH
- bolest etiologie MeSH
- chondrocyty metabolismus MeSH
- chondroitinsulfáty farmakologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- chrupavka patofyziologie patologie MeSH
- genetická terapie MeSH
- glukokortikoidy terapeutické užití MeSH
- glukosamin farmakologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- kmenové buňky MeSH
- kyselina hyaluronová farmakologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- osteoartróza * chirurgie diagnostické zobrazování etiologie farmakoterapie klasifikace patofyziologie terapie MeSH
- paracetamol aplikace a dávkování farmakologie MeSH
- plazma bohatá na destičky MeSH
- proteasy fyziologie klasifikace MeSH
- revmatologie trendy MeSH
- rizikové faktory MeSH
- směrnice pro lékařskou praxi jako téma MeSH
- techniky fyzikální terapie klasifikace MeSH
- transformující růstový faktor beta fyziologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of choline-stabilized orthosilicic acid (ch-OSA) in patients with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis (OA). METHODS: In a multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, 211 patients with knee OA (Kellgren and Lawrence grade II or III) and moderate to moderately severe pain were randomly allocated to ch-OSA or placebo for 12 weeks. The primary outcome was the change in the WOMAC pain subscale from baseline to week 12. Secondary outcomes were changes from baseline to week 12 in WOMAC total, WOMAC stiffness, WOMAC physical function, Subject Global Assessment and levels of cartilage degradation biomarkers C-terminal telopeptide of collagen type II (CTX-II) and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP). Pre-specified subgroup analyses included the effect of gender. RESULTS: A total of 166 (120 women, 46 men) patients were included in the analysis (87 and 79 in the ch-OSA and placebo group, respectively). In the total study population, no differences were observed between the two treatment groups for the different outcomes but significant treatment x gender interactions were found. In men taking ch-OSA, a significant improvement in WOMAC total, WOMAC stiffness and WOMAC physical function as well as a lower increase in biomarker levels of cartilage degradation was observed, but not in women. The change in WOMAC pain showed a similar positive trend in men taking ch-OSA. CONCLUSION: After 12 weeks of treatment, no effect was found of ch-OSA in the total study population on clinical parameters and biomarkers, but a gender interaction was observed. In men, ch-OSA was found effective in reducing symptoms of knee OA, which was associated with a slight but significant reduction of biomarkers that are related to cartilage degradation. TRIAL REGISTRATION: The study was registered retrospectively: ISRCTN88583133 . Registration date: 2015-10-07.
- MeSH
- aplikace orální MeSH
- artróza kolenních kloubů farmakoterapie MeSH
- biologické markery analýza MeSH
- cholin aplikace a dávkování terapeutické užití MeSH
- chrupavka patologie MeSH
- chrupavkový oligomerní matrixový protein analýza MeSH
- dvojitá slepá metoda MeSH
- kolagen typ II analýza MeSH
- kyselina křemičitá aplikace a dávkování terapeutické užití MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- management bolesti metody MeSH
- měření bolesti MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- sexuální faktory MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- multicentrická studie MeSH
- randomizované kontrolované studie MeSH
There is a long history of mathematical and computational modelling with the objective of understanding the mechanisms governing cartilage׳s remarkable mechanical performance. Nonetheless, despite sophisticated modelling development, simulations of cartilage have consistently lagged behind structural knowledge and thus the relationship between structure and function in cartilage is not fully understood. However, in the most recent generation of studies, there is an emerging confluence between our structural knowledge and the structure represented in cartilage modelling. This raises the prospect of further refinement in our understanding of cartilage function and also the initiation of an engineering-level understanding for how structural degradation and ageing relates to cartilage dysfunction and pathology, as well as informing the potential design of prospective interventions. Aimed at researchers entering the field of cartilage modelling, we thus review the basic principles of cartilage models, discussing the underlying physics and assumptions in relatively simple settings, whilst presenting the derivation of relatively parsimonious multiphase cartilage models consistent with our discussions. We proceed to consider modern developments that start aligning the structure captured in the models with observed complexities. This emphasises the challenges associated with constitutive relations, boundary conditions, parameter estimation and validation in cartilage modelling programmes. Consequently, we further detail how both experimental interrogations and modelling developments can be utilised to investigate and reduce such difficulties before summarising how cartilage modelling initiatives may improve our understanding of cartilage ageing, pathology and intervention.
- MeSH
- biologické modely * MeSH
- biomechanika MeSH
- chrupavka patologie fyziologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
Our study compares the histological and immunohistochemical cellular composition of two different chondrocyte-seeded biomaterials and the results of their transplantation. Our study cohort included 21 patients, comprising 19 men and two women with a mean age of 32 years, who were affected by single chondral lesions of the femoral condyles. These patients were enrolled in our study and treated with arthroscopic implantation of the tissue Hyalograft C and/or Brno culture. Brno culture bioengineered with a fibrin-based scaffold contains round cells showing features of differentiated chondrocytes expressing S-100 protein and α-smooth muscle actin. In contrast, in the case of Hyalograft C, the scaffold was made up of a fibrillar network composed of biomaterial fibres of the esters of hyaluronic acid and cells resembling fibroblasts and myofibroblasts and expressing only α-smooth muscle actin. The average size of the defects was 2.5 cm2. Patients were evaluated using the standardized guidelines of the International Knee Documentation Committee. During the comparison of bioptic samples obtained from both patient cohorts, we did not observe any important differences in the histological makeup of the newly formed cartilage. The histological analysis of these two groups of homogeneous patients shows that this bioengineered approach, under proper indications, may offer favourable and stable clinical results over time, in spite of the different matrix and cellular composition of the two transplants used.
- MeSH
- aktiny metabolismus MeSH
- artroskopie MeSH
- biokompatibilní materiály chemie MeSH
- biopsie MeSH
- buněčná diferenciace MeSH
- chondrocyty cytologie transplantace MeSH
- chrupavka patologie MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- femur patologie MeSH
- fibroblasty cytologie MeSH
- kohortové studie MeSH
- koleno patologie MeSH
- kyselina hyaluronová analogy a deriváty chemie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- proteiny S100 metabolismus MeSH
- tkáňové inženýrství metody MeSH
- transplantace buněk metody MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- srovnávací studie MeSH
Knee cartilage and meniscus are living tissue, but have limited opportunities for growth and renewal. If they are not burdened for long time, there is a breach of metabolism in the deeper tissues. Many negative changes may be substantially eliminated by periodic various activities. Appropriate load (alternating medium intensity) stimulates the growth of cartilage and muscle and thus prevents them from wasting. When loads are occurring, with elastic deformation of cartilage synovial fluid is extruded from the matrix into the articular capsule slot and the density of the matrix grows. With removing load synovial fluid flows back into the cartilage. Given the intracharacteristics of the knee (spatial insufficiency) display changes directly inside the meniscus and cartilage is problematic. Detection and modeling of mechanical response of tissue structures to external mechanical loading is possible using non-invasive imaging methods. Fairly accurate representation with wide application in patients provides magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MRI use is overwhelmingly performed in supine without burdening the limbs, which can lead to some extent misleading information, even though the unloaded cartilage is exposed to pressure induced by muscle tone. From the point of evaluating changes in knee cartilage to various long-lasting stress following publications are subject to literary critival review. The findings in this paper are obtained mainly on the study of avaliable literature. The authors use to evaluate changes different parameter setting of MRI and thus try to get the most detailed information about the observed structures in various specific types of loads.
- Klíčová slova
- degenerace, zátěž,
- MeSH
- chrupavka anatomie a histologie fyziologie patologie MeSH
- femur anatomie a histologie fyziologie patologie MeSH
- kolenní kloub anatomie a histologie fyziologie patologie MeSH
- koleno MeSH
- kyčelní kloub anatomie a histologie fyziologie patologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- ligamentum collaterale tibiale anatomie a histologie fyziologie patologie MeSH
- magnetická rezonanční tomografie metody přístrojové vybavení využití MeSH
- meniskus MeSH
- metaanalýza jako téma MeSH
- osteoartróza diagnóza komplikace MeSH
- statistika jako téma MeSH
- tělesná námaha fyziologie MeSH
- tibie anatomie a histologie fyziologie patologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
Biodegradable hydrogels are studied as potential scaffolds for soft tissue regeneration. In this work biodegradable hydrogels were prepared from synthetic poly(α-amino acid)s, poly(AA)s. The covalently crosslinked gels were formed by radical copolymerization of methacryloylated poly(AA)s, e.g. poly[N (5)-(2-hydroxy-ethyl)-L-glutamine-ran-L-alanine-ran-N (6)-methacryloyl-L-lysine], as a multifunctional macro-monomer with a low-molecular-weight methacrylic monofunctional monomer, e.g. 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA). Methacryloylated copolypeptides were synthesized by polymerization of N-carboxyanhydrides of respective amino acids and subsequent side-chain modification. Due to their polypeptide backbone, synthetic poly(AA)s are cleavable in biological environment by enzyme-catalyzed hydrolysis. The feasibility of enzymatic degradation of poly(AA)s alone and the hydrogels made from them was studied using elastase, a matrix proteinase involved in tissue healing processes, as a model enzyme. Specificity of elastase for cleavage of polypeptide chains behind the L-alanine residues was reflected in faster degradation of L-alanine-containing copolymers as well as of hydrogels composed of them.
- MeSH
- aminokyseliny chemie MeSH
- biodegradace MeSH
- biokompatibilní materiály chemie MeSH
- časové faktory MeSH
- chemické modely MeSH
- chrupavka patologie MeSH
- gely MeSH
- hydrogely chemie MeSH
- magnetická rezonanční spektroskopie MeSH
- methakryláty chemie MeSH
- pankreatická elastasa chemie MeSH
- peptidy chemie MeSH
- polymery chemie MeSH
- reagencia zkříženě vázaná chemie MeSH
- regenerace nervu MeSH
- tkáňové inženýrství přístrojové vybavení MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Úvod: Polymery představují materiály vhodné pro náhrady subchondrálních defektů. Cílem této práce bylo zhodnotit vliv povrchové modifikace cykloolefinového kopolymeru (COC) a COC-blendu kolagenem typu II na viabilitu a genovou expresi chondrocytů. Materiál a metody: Humánní chondrocyty byly pěstovány v kultivačním médiu na povrchu biomateriálů COC a COC-blend. Polovina materiálů měla plazmaticky modifikovaný povrch atomy dusíku a kyslíku pro vazbu kolagenu typu II. Genová exprese matrixových metaloproteináz (MMP-1,-3,-13), prozánětlivých cytokinů (IL-1, TNF-?) a apoptotických molekul (BAX, Bcl-2) byla hodnocena pomocí kvantitativní Taq-Man PCR po 48 hodinách inkubace. Viabilita chondrocytů byla hodnocena MTT testem po 2, 4 a 8 dnech inkubace. Syntéza MMPs byla měřena pomocí ELISA eseje v buněčném médiu po 48 hodinách inkubace. Výsledky: Chondrocyty pěstované na plazmaticky modifikovaném povrchu kopolymerů kolagenem typu II vykazovaly průměrně až 2,8násobně vyšší expresi mRNA IL-1 a 8,2násobně vyšší expresi mRNA MMP-1. Všechny testované MMPs byly zvýšeně produkované do buněčného média chondrocyty pěstovanými na plazmaticky modifikovaném povrchu polymerů. Nemodifikované COC a COC-blend polymery naopak expresi mRNA MMPs snižovaly. Modifikované materiály oproti nemodifikovaným polymerům snižovaly v závislosti na délce expozice viabilitu chonodrocytů. Genová exprese TNF-? a apoptotických molekul chondrocyty se významně mezi testovanými materiály nelišila. Závěr: Cykloolefinové kopolymery COC a COC-blend mohou představovat vhodné materiály pro tkáňové inženýrství, ale jejich plazmatická modifikace může, alespoň v podmínkách „in vitro“, snižovat viabilitu chondrocytů a indukovat jejich pro-destruktivní potenciál. Výhody nebo nevýhody plazmatické modifikace materiálů pro náhrady osteochondrálních defektů ukáží až další studie.
Introduction: Polymers represent materials suitable for replacement of subchondral defects. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of superficial modification of cycloolefin copolymer (COC) and COC blend with collagen type II on the viability and gene expression of chondrocytes. Material and methods: Human chondrocytes were grown in cell culture medium on the surface of COC and COC blend biomaterials. The surface of a half of the materials was plasmatically modified by atoms of nitrogen and oxygen for bond of collagen type II. The gene expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-1,-3,-13), proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1, TNF-alfa) and apoptotic molecules (BAX, Bcl-2) was evaluated by quantitative Taq-Man PCR after 48 hours of incubation. Viability of chondrocytes was evaluated by MTT test after 2, 4, and 8 days of incubation. The synthesis of MMPs was measured by ELISA in cell medium after 48 hours of incubation. Results: Chondrocytes cultured on the surface of copolymers plasmatically modified had an average mRNA expression 2.8-fold increased for IL-1 and 8.2-fold increased for MMP-1. All of tested MMPs were increasingly produced into cell medium by chondrocytes cultured on the plasmatically modified surface of expression of MMPs mRNA. Modified materials, compared to unmodified polymers, decreased viability of chondrocytes according to the length of exposition. The gene expression of TNF-? and apoptotic molecules by chondrocytes did not differ among tested materials. Conclusion: Cycloolefin copolymers COC and COC blend can represent suitable materials for tissue engineering, but their plasmatic modification can, at least in „in vitro“ conditions, decrease viability of chondrocytes and induce their pro-destructive potential. The advantages and disadvantages of the plasmatic modification of materials for replacement of osteochondral defects may be unveiled by further studies.
