PURPOSE OF THE STUDY The triplane fracture of the distal tibial epiphysis is characterised by the fracture line in typical three planes which can, however, differ case by case. The authors use the CT imaging as the perfect examination method to determine the nature of the fracture to plan the osteosynthesis. MATERIAL AND METHODS In the five-year retrospective study of a group of patients treated at their own department in the period 2011-2015 the authors assess a total of 55 patients with a triplane fracture. The radiograph, the CT scan and the specific therapeutic process are evaluated. Regarding the imaging methods, they focus on the fracture line, the number of fragments and the size of the dorsal metaphyseal fragment. As concerns the method of treatment, they zero in on the indication for osteosynthesis and the number and location of used implants. RESULTS The authors present a total of nine different treatment options of the triplane fracture of distal tibial epiphysis. Of 55 followedup patients, in seventeen cases (30.9%) conservative treatment was opted for, in seven cases (12.7%) a reduction under general anaesthesia was an adequate option, whereas in the remaining thirty-one cases (56.4%) an osteosynthesis had to be performed. In the group with osteosynthesis, in altogether twenty cases (64.5%) only a single implant was used: of which in twelve cases it was transepiphyseal, in eight cases transmetaphyseal. In the other eight cases (25.8%) two implants were used, one metaphyseal and one epiphyseal. In three remaining patients (9.7%) two implants were introduced, both into the metaphysis. DISCUSSION The world literature has been referring to the importance of CT scan in relation to the triplane fracture of the distal tibial epiphysis since 1980s. Some papers have only highlighted the necessity of the CT scan for the examination of a complex ankle injury, covering also the triplane fracture, while in majority of injuries involving the distal tibia region a common X-ray examination suffices;also mentioned has been its importance for determining the number of fragments, or in some papers also for preoperative planning. At our department, in correlation with the majority of authors, we routinely use two basic projections (AP view and lateral view) to examine the ankle. In the case of suspected intraarticular fracture, both the mortise views (internal and external) are added. The CT scan is a standard procedure used at our department for confirmed triplane fractures. In severely displaced fractures we recommend to perform a CT scan only after the closed reduction of fragments under general anaesthesia. CONCLUSIONS An X-ray obtained from 4 views is a standard examination in diagnosing a triplane fracture. A CT scan than makes it possible to precisely locate the fracture line, to determine the size of fragments and to plan the optimal placement of osteosynthetic material. Key words: tibial fractures, distal tibia fractures, paediatric fractures, triplane fracture, physeal fracture, CT imaging, minimally invasive osteosynthesis, treatment of distal tibia, osteosynthesis planning.
- MeSH
- Epiphyses pathology MeSH
- Fracture Fixation methods statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Tibial Fractures diagnostic imaging surgery MeSH
- Conservative Treatment methods statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Tomography, X-Ray Computed methods MeSH
- Prostheses and Implants statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Radiography methods MeSH
- Retrospective Studies MeSH
- Tibia diagnostic imaging pathology MeSH
- Fracture Fixation, Internal instrumentation MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
CÍL: Cílem článku je zhodnotit soubor pacientů a naše zkušenosti při používání metody Damage control orthopaedics (DCO) u kriticky polytraumatizovaných pacientů, analyzovat množství primárně použitých zevních fixací a posoudit dobu, kdy dochází ke konverzi na definitivní stabilizaci zlomenin. MATERIÁL A METODA: Jde o zhodnocení kriticky polytraumatizovaných pacientů na Traumacentru Fakultní nemocnice v Ostravě od roku 2009 až do roku 2013. Pacienti našeho souboru byli pacienti s Injury severity score (dále jen ISS) větší než 32, tedy polytraumatizovaní pacienti v kritickém stavu, Abreviated Injury score (dále AIS) pro oblast „Hlava“ méně než tři, abychom tak z našeho souboru vyloučili pa- cienty, kteří umírají z důvodu komplikací po intrakraniálním poranění. Pacienti našeho souboru utrpěli dutinová i skeletární poranění (sledujeme femur, bérec, pánev) za dané období. Na našem pracovišti jsme ošetřili 43 kriticky polytraumatizovaných pacientů z celkového počtu 1061 polytraumatizovaných (Úrazový registr ČR). Sledovali jsme typ primárně použité zevní resp. vnitřní fixace. Sledovali jsme dobu konverze zevní fixace na definitivní typ stabilizace zlomenin. VÝSLEDKY: Od roku 2009 do roku 2013 jsme ošetřili metodou DCO 26 pánevních poranění, 18 poranění femuru a 21 poranění bérce u 43 kriticky polytraumatizovaných pacientů. V 15 případech jsme u pánevních poranění použili zevní fixaci ke stabilizaci pánevního poranění, u 11 poranění pánve byla indikována konzervativní terapie. Zlomeniny femuru jsme v devíti případech ošetřili zevní fixací, osmkrát byla indikována nitrodřeňová osteosyntéza a v jednom případě byla primárně provedena amputace ve stehně. Zlomeniny bérce jsme ošetřili v 13 případech zevní fixací, v sedmi případech nitrodřeňovou osteosyntézou a jedenkrát byla primárně provedena amputace. Průměrná doba odstranění zevní fixace a konverze na vnitřní osteosyntézu byla u zlomenin femuru 17. den. V případě zlomenin pánve jsme indikovali odstranění zevní fixace průměrně 51. den. Ve většině případů u zlomenin bérce došlo k doléčení zevní fixací a k odstranění zevní fixace bérce došlo v průměru po sedmi měsících. ZÁVĚR: U kritických polytraumatizovaných pacientů na našem pracovišti používáme metodu DCO. Vzhledem k našim zkušenostem je možné doléčení zlomenin pánve a bérce na primárně použité zevní fixaci. V případě zlomenin femuru provádíme vždy konverzi na vnitřní typ osteosyntézy.
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this paper is to evaluate group of patients and our experience with use of the Damage control orthopaedics method for critically ill polytrauma patients, with an intention to analyze an amount of primarily applied external fixations and to assess the time when the conversion to the definite mode of fracture stabilization occurs. MATERIALS AND THE METHOD: This paper deals with a study of critically ill polytrauma patients treated at the Trauma Cen-ter of the University Hospital Ostrava in the period of 2009 - 2013. Our sample consists of patients with Injury severity score (henceforth ISS) higher than 32, i.e. patients with severe polytrauma. We excluded patients with severe intracranial injury (i.e. patients with AIS 3 and more in this body area). All patients of the sample suffered both cavity and skeletal injuries (we were observing a method of pelvic, femoral and lower leg treatment) at those who suffered a skeletal injury. In the given, we were able to engage 43 patients in our sample out of 1061 treated polytrauma patients (Polytrauma registry). We were observing a type of primarily applied external or internal fixation of those patients. In case of an external fixation we were monitoring the time required for an external fixation conversion to the definite mode of skeletal stabilization of fracture. RESULTS: From 2009 to 2013 we recorded 26 pelvic injuries, 18 femoral injuries and 21 shank bone injuries of these 43 patients. In 15 cases we applied the external fixation method to stabilize pelvic injuries, in 11 cases we applied conservative method of treatment. Femoral injuries were treated by external fixation in 9 cases, in 8 cases internal osteosynthesis, in 1 case was amputation undertaken. And shank bone fractures were treated by external fixation in 13 cases, in 7 cases internal osteosynthesis, in 1 case was primary amputation undertaken. An average time for removal of external fixation and conversion to internal osteosynthesis of femoral fractures was 17 days. External fixation of pelvic fractures was removed after 51 days, on average. In most cases of shank bone fractures we had to finish the treatment with external fixation and we recommended a patient to remove an external fixation 7 months later, on average. CONCLUSION: We use the DCO method to treat critically ill polytrauma patients at our department. According to our experience it is possible to finish the treatment of pelvic and shank bone fractures at the majority of patients using the primarily applied external fixation. On the contrary, the primarily applied external fixation method in case of diaphyseal femur fracture was always converted to intramedullary osteosynthesis.
- MeSH
- Leg surgery MeSH
- External Fixators statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Fracture Fixation * methods statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Femoral Fractures surgery MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Fractures, Multiple surgery MeSH
- Pelvic Bones surgery injuries MeSH
- Multiple Trauma * surgery MeSH
- Injury Severity Score MeSH
- Fracture Fixation, Internal statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Treatment Outcome MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
UNLABELLED: PURPOSE OF THE STUDY The aim of the study was to analyse the options for sustentacular screw placement in osteosynthesis of intra-articular fractures of the heel bone and to assess the effect of various screw positions on failure to maintain the reduction in the postoperative period. In addition, problems related to screw-end protrusion over the medial cortical bone or to screw penetration into the talocalcaneal joint were assessed. MATERIAL AND METHODS The group comprised 23 patients with a total of 25 intra-articular fractures of the heel bone treated by surgery. The procedure involved insertion of a sustentacular screw under fluoroscopic guidance. Post-operatively, screw position in the sustentacular fragment was evaluated on CT scans. During follow-up, attention was focused on the effect of screw placement on maintenance of fracture reduction, and clinical symptoms potentially associated with screw malposition were recorded. RESULTS All sustentacular screws were fixed sustentacular fragments. Seven screws (28%) were inserted in the talar shelf, seven (28%) were placed under and nine (36%) over the sustentaculum tali. Two screws penetrated into the talocalcaneal joint (8%). The end of a screw projecting by 2 mm over the medial wall of the calcaneus was found in 11 cases (44%). Two patients with screws penetrating into the talocalcaneal joint had problems. On the other hand, no clinical effect of a screw extending over the medial wall of the calcaneus was recorded. No significant association of screw position with late //delayed failure of fracture reduction was detected. DISCUSSION Although the ideal trajectory for a sustentacular screw have been defined using a model of the calcaneus, it is not easy to achieve optimal screw placement due to the complex anatomy of the calcaneus and limited possibilities of intra-operative control of screw insertion. Any sustentacular screw malposition is a potential risk factor, particularly if the screw has penetrated into the talocalcaneal joint. Therefore, it will be useful to seek methods allowing for safer screw insertion and elimination of risks associated with screw misplacement. The technique of sustentacular screw insertion by means of a compression-based device, described by the authors, designated to allow for screw placement in distal humerus fractures is one of the options. CONCLUSIONS Optimisation of techniques for sustentacular screw insertion in the osteosynthesis of calcaneal fractures should contribute to reduction of risks related to screw malposition. The assessment of effects which the position of a screw may have on delayed failure of fracture reduction should be based on a thorough biomechanical study. KEY WORDS: sustentacular screw, calcaneal fracture, insertion, malposition.
- MeSH
- Fracture Fixation instrumentation methods statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Fluoroscopy MeSH
- Intra-Articular Fractures diagnostic imaging surgery MeSH
- Bone Screws * MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Calcaneus diagnostic imaging injuries surgery MeSH
- Tomography, X-Ray Computed methods MeSH
- Fracture Fixation, Internal instrumentation methods MeSH
- Treatment Outcome MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
UNLABELLED: PURPOSE OF THE STUDY Although supracondylar humeral fractures represent a major part of the pediatric fractures, no classification system or radiological characteristics describes which supracondylar fractures require open reduction. We aim to evaluate the factors that lead us to perform open reduction during operation. MATERIAL AND METHODS We retrospectively evaluated 57 patients who underwent operation for type III supracondylar fracture, and divided them into two groups; those with open reduction and internal fixation, and those with closed reduction and percutaneous fixation. The two groups were compared based on age, gender, BMI by age, medial spike angle of the fracture, medial spike-skin distance and rotation angle between the fractured fragments. RESULTS Of all patients, 46 (81.71%) underwent closed reduction and percutaneous fixation (CRPF) and 11 (19.29%) were treated with open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF). BMI by age was remarkably higher in the ORIF group (p = 0.00). And medial spike angle was smaller in the ORIF group (p = 0.014). DISCUSSION Closed reduction and percutanous fixation is the main treatment of supracondylar humeral fractuers. Open reduction in supracondylar humeral fractures could be associate with complications and cosmetic lesions. Many studies indicates that obesity is high risk factor for complex fractures as well as preoperative and postoperative complications. A prominant medial spike could associate with muscle entrapment, and obliquity of the fracture line. It could be also an indirect finding of instablity of the fracture. CONCLUSION We suggest that a smaller medial spike angle and a higher BMI in children with Type III supracondylar humeral fractures may require open reduction, and it is unreasonable to avoid open reduction in cases where closed reduction is not achieved. KEY WORDS: supracondylar humerus, open reduction, obesity, medial spike angle.
- MeSH
- Child MeSH
- Fracture Fixation methods statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Humeral Fractures diagnostic imaging surgery MeSH
- Body Mass Index MeSH
- Bone Nails MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Open Fracture Reduction statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Postoperative Complications epidemiology MeSH
- Child, Preschool MeSH
- Retrospective Studies MeSH
- Closed Fracture Reduction statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Fracture Fixation, Internal statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Treatment Outcome MeSH
- Check Tag
- Child MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Child, Preschool MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
ÚVOD: Intraartikulární zlomeninu proximálního humeru považujeme za závažnou traumatologic - kou diagnózu. Operační řešení je stále oblastí roz - sáhlé diskuze a předmětem mnoha odborných člán - ků. CÍL: Cílem této práce je porovnání funkčního vý - sledku jednotlivých metod osteosyntéz i konzer - vativního řešení s ohledem na věk pacienta. V naší studii jsme si položili 3 otázky. 1. Jsou zlomeniny C 1.1, C 1.2, C 1.3, C 2.1 indiková - ny ke konzervativní terapii? 2. Jsou zlomeniny C 2.2, C 2.3, C 3.1, C 3.2, C 3.3 pod 65 let věku pacienta indikovány k osteosyntéze úh - lově stabilní dlahou? 3. Jsou zlomeniny C 2.2, C 2.3, C 3.1, C 3.2, C 3.3 nad 65 let věku pacienta indikovány k implantaci hemi - artroplastiky (CKP)? MATERIÁL A METODIKA: Do naší studie jsme zařadi - li celkem 159 pacientů s intraartikulárními zlomeni - nami proximálního humeru ošetřovaných na našem pracovišti v letech 2009 – 2013. Pacienti absolvovali RTG a CT vyšetření a byli klasifikováni dle AO (Ar - beitsgemeinschaft für osteosynthesefragen) klasi - fikace [ 13 ]. Dle klasifikace zlomeniny, biologického věku, přidružených onemocnění, lokálního stavu a nároků pacienta na pohyblivost a funkci, byl volen konzervativní či operační postup a daný typ osteo - syntézy. Pacienty jsme následně sledovali do 1 roku od úrazu, kdy jsme prováděli pravidelné RTG kon- troly (6 týdnů, 3 měsíce a 1 rok od úrazu) a zhodno - tili jsme CSS (Constant-Murley Shoulder Score) [ 5 ] jeden rok od úrazu. VÝSLEDKY: Dle naší studie u zlomenin C 1 a C 2.1 operační léčba nemá signifikantně lepší výsledky než léčba konzervativní. Pouze mladší pacienti měli signifikantně lepší funkční výsledky bez ohledu na terapeutický přístup. U C 2.2, 2.3 a C 3 zlomenin jsme signifikantně neprokázali lepší funkční výsledky PHILOS (Proximal Humeral Internal Locking System) dlahy pod 65 let proti hemiartroplastice. A taktéž jsme u C 2.2, 2.3 a C 3 zlomenin neprokázali lepší funkční výsledky he - miartroplastiky nad 65 let věku proti PHILOS dlaze. ZÁVĚR: Výsledky naší studie potvrzují složitost a nejednoznačnost postupu ošetřování intraartiku - lárních zlomenin proximálního humeru.
INTRODUCTION: Intraarticular fracture of the proxi - mal humerus is considered a severe trauma diagno - sis. Surgical treatment is still subject to extensive discussions and numerous articles . GOAL: The aim of this study is to compare the func - tional results of operative treatment methods and conservative treatment with respect to the age of the patient. In our study, we asked three questions. 1. Are fractures C 1.1, C 1.2, C 1.3, C 2.1 indicated for conservative therapy? 2. Are fractures C 2.2, C 2.3, C 3.1 C 3.2 C 3.3 in patients under the age of 65 in - dicated for osteosynthesis by locking compression plate? 3. Are fractures C 2.2, C 2.3, C 3.1 C 3.2 C 3.3 in patients over 65 years of age indicated for hemi - arthroplasty implantation (CKP)? METHODS: In our study we included 159 patients with intra-articular fractures of the proximal hume - rus treated in our department from 2009 to 2013. Majority of patients underwent CT examination and were classified according to the AO (Arbeitsgemein - schaft für osteosynthesefragen) classification [ 13 ]. Based on the classification of fractures, biological age, comorbidities, local state and requirements for patient mobility and function, patients were indica - ted for conservative treatment or surgical proce - dure and the respective type of osteosynthesis. Pa- tients were then followed up for 1 year after injury, underwent X-ray controls (6 weeks, 3 months and 1 year after injury), and CSS (Constant-Murley Shoul - der Score) [ 5 ] was evaluated 1 year after injury. RESULTS: According to our study, surgical treatment in C 1 and C 2.1 fractures has significantly better re - sults than conservative treatment. Only younger patients had significantly better functional results regardless of the treatment procedure. In C 2.2, 2.3 and C 3 fractures we did not prove sig - nificantly better functional outcome in surgical treatment by PHILOS (Proximal Humeral Internal Locking System) plate against hemiartroplasty in patients under 65 years of age. And also we did not prove in C 2.2, 2.3 and C 3 fractures better func - tional outcome in surgical treatment by hemiar - throplasty against PHILOS plate in patients over 65 years of age. CONCLUSION: The results of our study confirm the complexity and ambiguity of procedures for tre - atment of intra-articular fractures of the proximal humerus.
- Keywords
- hemiartroplastika (CKP), PHILOS,
- MeSH
- Arthroplasty, Replacement methods MeSH
- Adult MeSH
- Fracture Fixation * methods statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Humeral Fractures * diagnosis epidemiology etiology surgery classification therapy MeSH
- Intra-Articular Fractures * diagnosis epidemiology etiology surgery classification therapy MeSH
- Bone Plates MeSH
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Aged, 80 and over MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Age Factors MeSH
- Fracture Fixation, Internal statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Patient Selection MeSH
- Treatment Outcome MeSH
- Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Check Tag
- Adult MeSH
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Aged, 80 and over MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Comparative Study MeSH
CÍL PRÁCE: Cílem práce bylo zhodnotit, kterou metodu operační léčby lze považovat za optimální v léčbě nitrokloubních zlomenin distální tibie typu C dle AO klasifikace s použitím moderních postupů dočasné a definitivní stabilizace novými typy implantátů. MATERIÁL A METODY: Otevřené zlomeniny a též zavřené komplikovanější zlomeniny s rozsáhlým otokem a hematomem jsou indikovány k dočasné stabilizaci zevním fixatérem. Po zhojení rány, eliminaci hrozícího infektu, po odeznění otoku a zlepšení stavu měkkých tkání se většinou konvertují na vnitřní osteosyntézu. Na Klinice úrazové chirurgie bylo v letech 2008-2011 operováno 57 pacientů s C typem zlomeniny dle AO klasifikace. Z celkového počtu pacientů skórovaného souboru bylo 33 pacientů (58 %) akutně stabilizováno zevním fixatérem s pozdější konverzí na vnitřní osteosyntézu. K osteosyntéze byly používány úhlově stabilní implantáty, anatomicky definované dlahy na distální tibii, a to anterolaterální a mediální. Osteosyntéza LCP dlahami byla provedena u 50 pacientů a u 7 pacientů byla provedena miniosteosyntéza. VÝSLEDKY: Soubor pacientů byl rozdělen na 2 skupiny. Do první byli zařazeni pacienti s primárně naloženým zevním fixatérem a pozdější konverzí na vnitřní fixaci a do druhé pacienti, u kterých byla provedena definitivní osteosyntéza bez použití zevní fixace. Statisticky bylo zhodnoceno množství pooperačních raných komplikací. ZÁVĚR: Otevřená repozice fragmentů a následná vnitřní fixace pomocí úhlově stabilních dlahových implantátů je plně indikovaná metoda operační léčby nitrokloubních zlomenin distální tibie. Komplikované vysokenergetické zlomeniny C typu je lépe akutně stabilizovat zevním fixatérem a konverzi na vnitřní fixaci provést s odstupem, po zlepšení stavu měkkých tkání. Vícefragmentové intraartikulární zlomeniny je vhodné vzhledem k potřebě speciálního instrumentária a zkušeností soustředit do specializovaných traumatologických pracovišť (Věstník MZ ČR č. 6/2008).
PURPOSE: To evaluate one-stage and two-stage surgical concept in the treatment of intra-articular distal tibia fractures type C (AO classification) using modern methods of temporary and permanent stabilization with new types of implants. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Both open fractures and comminuted closed fractures with extended edema and hematoma are indicated to the temporary stabilization by external fixator. Definitive internal fixation is performed after edema is diminished, conditions of soft tissue envelope are improved and wounds are healing with no inflammation signs and minimal infection risk. From 2008 to 2011 57 patients with C type fracture (AO classification) were operated at the Department of Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Brno. Thirty-three patients (58 % of the total number of patients) were acutely stabilized with external fixation with subsequent conversion to internal osteosynthesis. At the second stage locking compression plates, anatomically pre-formed plates to distal tibia, anterolateral and medial plates were used for fracture stabilization. Locking compression plates were used in 50 cases and 7 fractures were treated by miniosteosynthesis. RESULTS: Patients were divided into 2 groups. The first group of patients was primarily treated by external fixator and subsequently conversion to internal fixation was performed (two- stage concept). Fractures in the second group were stabilized with definitive osteosynthesis without temporary stabilization by external fixation (one-stage concept). Incidence of post-operative wound complications were statistically assessed. CONCLUSION: Open reduction and subsequent internal fixation with angular stable plates are fully indicated methods of operative treatment of intraarticular fractures of the distal tibia. Complicated high energy type C fractures should be acutely stabilized with external fixator (first stage). Subsequent conversion to internal fixation is performed after improvement of the soft tissues (second stage). Multifragmentary intra-articular fractures should be concentrated in specialized trauma centers due to the demands of specialized instruments and enough experience in treatment of these injuries (Ministry of Health Bulletin No. 6/2008).
- Keywords
- LCP dlahy, tibiální pylon, zevní fixatér, zlomenina distálního bérce,
- MeSH
- Time Factors MeSH
- Splints * utilization statistics & numerical data MeSH
- External Fixators statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Fracture Fixation * methods statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Tibial Fractures * surgery MeSH
- Ankle Joint surgery MeSH
- Fracture Healing MeSH
- Intra-Articular Fractures surgery MeSH
- Bone Wires MeSH
- Bone Screws MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Logistic Models MeSH
- Fractures, Open surgery MeSH
- Postoperative Complications * MeSH
- Retrospective Studies MeSH
- Tibia surgery injuries MeSH
- Fractures, Closed surgery MeSH
- Fracture Fixation, Internal methods statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Female MeSH
ÚVOD: Zlomeniny distálního předloktí patří mezi nejčastější skeletální poranění dětského věku. Terapeutický přístup je u různých pracovišť rozdílný, od zcela konzervativního postupu až po otevřenou repozici a osteosyntézu. CÍL PRÁCE: Retrospektivní zhodnocení terapeutických postupů dislokované separace distální epifýzy radia na našem pracovišti. MATERIÁL A METODIKA: Soubor 509 pacientů ošetřených na našem pracovišti během 5 let (2004- 2008) se separací distální epifýzy radia. U dislokovaných poranění byl posuzován způsob léčby ve vztahu ke směru dislokace, míře dislokace a stabilitě po zavřené repozici VÝSLEDKY: Z celkového počtu 509 pacientů se separací distální epifýzy radia bylo 352 nedislokovaných a 157 dislokovaných, pouhých 19 pacientů operováno. V případě dorzální dislokace bylo 124 pacientů (94 %) léčeno pouze repozicí a sádrovou imobilizací, žádný pacient nebyl operován primárně a 8 pacientů (6 %) bylo operováno sekundárně pro redislokaci. V případě volární dislokace bylo 14 pacientů (70 %) léčeno pouze repozicí a sádrovou imobilizací, 1 pacient (5 %) byl operován primárně a 5 pacientů (25 %) bylo operováno sekundárně pro redislokaci. ZÁVĚR: Dorzální dislokace je při separaci distální epifýzy radia daleko častější než ventrální dislokace, která je však daleko méně stabilní, a proto je častěji indikována k operačnímu řešení.
INTRODUCTION: Fracture of the distal forearm is one of the most common skeletal injuries in children. The therapeutic approach varies from a non-operative to surgical treatment. OBJECTIVE: Retrospective study of therapeutic methods in simple displaced separation of distal radial epiphysis treated in our department was performed. MATERIAL AND METHODS: During the period of 5 years (2004–2008) 509 patients were treated at our out-patient department with separation of the distal radial epiphysis. We evaluated methods of treatment according to the direction and grade of displacement, and stability after closed reduction. RESULTS: In the cohort of 509 patients we noted 352 non-displaced and 157 displaced separations of distal radial epiphysis. Only 19 patients were indicated to surgical procedure. In the case of dorsal displacement in 124 patients (94 %) the non-operative treatment with closed reduction and plaster cast was used, no patient was operated on primarily and 8 patients (6 %) were operated on for secondary redisplacement. In case of volar displacement 14 children (70 %) were treated with closed reduction and plaster cast, 1 patient (5 %) was operated on primarily and 5 patients (25 %) were operated on for secondary redisplacement. CONCLUSIONS: The dorsal displacement of separation of the distal radial epiphysis is more frequent than the volar one. However, the volar displacement is less stable and therefore more frequently indicated for surgical procedure.
- Keywords
- distální radius, Salter-Harris,
- MeSH
- Joint Dislocations MeSH
- Child MeSH
- Epiphyses radiography injuries MeSH
- Fracture Fixation * statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Radius Fractures * surgery radiography therapy MeSH
- Restraint, Physical * statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Manipulation, Orthopedic methods statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Radius radiography injuries MeSH
- Retrospective Studies MeSH
- Check Tag
- Child MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- MeSH
- Adult MeSH
- Fracture Fixation methods statistics & numerical data utilization MeSH
- Fractures, Bone surgery classification complications MeSH
- Fracture Healing MeSH
- Data Interpretation, Statistical MeSH
- Comorbidity MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Longitudinal Studies MeSH
- Orthopedic Nursing methods MeSH
- Orthopedics methods MeSH
- Pelvic Bones surgery injuries MeSH
- Postoperative Complications etiology therapy MeSH
- Prostheses and Implants classification utilization MeSH
- Radiography statistics & numerical data utilization MeSH
- Fracture Fixation, Internal methods statistics & numerical data utilization MeSH
- Treatment Outcome MeSH
- Check Tag
- Adult MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Female MeSH
ÚVOD: Zlomeniny článků prstů ruky a metakarpů mohou být řešeny konzervativně i operačně. Optimální způsob terapie je závislý na typu zlomeniny a dalších faktorech. Autoři hodnotí výsledky operačního léčení zlomenin metakarpů a článků prstů. MATERIÁL A METODIKA: Autoři posuzují výsledky použití různých druhů osteosyntéz u zlomenin článků prstů ruky a metakarpů. U souboru pacientů operovaných v Úrazové nemocnici v Brně v letech 2003 a 2004 hodnotí typy zlomenin, použité druhy osteosyntéz, rentgenové a funkční výsledky léčení. Celkem bylo osteosyntézou ošetřeno 128 zlomenin článků prstů a metakarpů u 99 pacientů. Z celkového počtu bylo stabilizováno 72 zlomenin Kirschnerovými dráty, 29 dlahovou osteosyntézou, 16 samostatnými tahovými šrouby, 7 zevním fixátorem a 4 cerkláží. VÝSLEDKY: Ze 128 zlomenin bylo u většiny (99,2 %) kostní hojení bez komplikací, pouze v jednom případě došlo k vytvoření pseudoartrózy. V dobrém postavení podle rentgenových snímků bylo zhojeno 91 zlomenin (71 %), 37 zhojeno s mírnou akceptovatelnou dislokací, pouze 1x v souboru (0,78 %) musela být pro zhojení s rotační odchylkou a omezením pohybu provedena derotační osteotomie a reosteosyntéza. Omezení pohybu kloubů po zhojení zlomeniny bylo u 36 zlomenin (28 %); došlo k němu častěji u zlomenin článků prstů než u metakarpů. V 9 případech si pro zhoršenou úchopovou funkci vynutilo provedení deliberace, u ostatních byla funkce uspokojivá. V souboru se pouze jednou vyskytla infekční komplikace osteosyntézy (0,78 %). ZÁVĚR: Autoři hodnotili výsledky operačního lé-čení zlomenin metakarpů a článků prstů s cílem zpřehlednit indikace různých druhů osteosyntéz u jednotlivých typů zlomenin.
INTRODUCTION: Fractures of the phalanges and metacarpals may be treated conservatively or surgically. The optimal therapy depends on the type of fracture and other factors. The authors evaluate the results of surgical treatment on fractured metacarpals and phalanges. MATERIALS AND METHODOLOGY: The authors assess the results of using various kinds of osteosynthesis on fractures of the phalanges and metacarpals. Type of fracture, employed method of osteosynthesis, x-ray and functional treatment results are assessed on a group of patients treated in the Brno Traumatological Hospital. In total, 128 phalangeal and metacarpal fractures in 99 patients were treated using osteosynthesis. Of the total number, 72 fractures were stabilised using Kirschner wires, 29 with splint osteosynthesis, 16 with individual lag screws, 7 with external fixators, and 4 with cerclage wiring. RESULTS: Of 128 fractures, bone healing in the majority of cases (99,2 %) was without complications, pseudoarthrosis had formed in only one case. 91 fractures (71 %) had healed in a good position according to x-ray, 37 had healed with an acceptable slight displacement, derotation osteotomy and reosteosynthesis had to be performed due to healing with rotational deviation and movement restrictions in only one instance from the entire group (0.78 %). Movement restriction in joints after fracture healing was found in 36 fractures (28 %), and occurred more often with phalangeal fractures rather than metacarpal fractures. In 9 cases, deliberation was performed due to deteriorated gripping function; with others the functionality was satisfactory. Infectious complications of osteosynthesis occurred in only one case from the entire group (0,78 %). CONCLUSION: The authors evaluated the results of the surgical treatment of metacarpal and phalangeal fractures with the objective of summarising the indication for various kinds of osteosyntheses in particular types of fractures.
Cieľom práce bolo porovnať výsledok rôzne volenej chirurgickej liečby pri rôznych typoch zlomenín hlavice rádia versus totálna exstirpácia hlavice rádia. Kontrolné vyšetrenie bolo realizo-vané u 42 pacientov 9-12 mesiacov od operačného ošetrenia. Výsledky boli analyzované použitím klasifikácie Wesley et al. [1983]. Najlepšie výsledky boli dosiahnuté pri Mason II type zlomenín, nasledoval typ III a typ IV zlomenín. Po-rovnaním rôznych typov operácií najlepší výsledok bol dosiahnutý pri osteosyntéze skrutkami pri Mason II a III type zlomenín, nasledovala extrakorporálna osteosutúra (hlavica rádia vložená ako spacer). Zlé výsledky boli po totálnej ex-stirpácii hlavice rádia. Menej kominutívna zlomenina hlavice rádia má lepšie operačné výsledky. Osteosyntézu skrutkami treba preferovať, ak je technicky možná. Totálnu exstirpáciu hlavice rádia považujeme za kontraindikovanú.
The purpose of this study was to compare the outcome of various surgical options exercised in the management of different types of radial head fractures versus total exstirpation of radial head. 42 patients were reexamined, with an average follow-up period of 9-12 months after surgical treatment. The results were analysed according to the classification of Wesley et al. [1983]. The best results were obtained in Mason type II fractures, followed by type III and type IV fractures. Com-paring different operations, the best outcome was observed with screw fixation of Mason type II and type III fractures, followed by extracorporal osteosutures (radial head to insert as spacer). Poor results were obtained after exstirpation of the radial head. The less comminution a radial head fracture appears, the better is the outcome. Screw fixation is to be preferred, if technically possible. Total exstirpation of radial head is contraindicated.
- MeSH
- Fracture Fixation methods statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Radius Fractures surgery rehabilitation MeSH
- Fracture Healing MeSH
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Orthopedic Procedures methods statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Aged statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Check Tag
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Aged statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Female MeSH