BACKGROUND: The definition of minor ischemic stroke (MIS) is a topic of debate, however, the most accepted definition is a stroke with National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) ≤ 5. Intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) is a crucial treatment option for acute ischemic stroke (AIS) including: alteplase, recombinant human tissue-type plasminogen activator (r-tPA), and the recently approved tenecteplase. However, there is a debate regarding its safety and efficacy. Therefore, our objective was to determine the safety and efficacy of IVT in treating minor stroke patients (NIHSS ≤ 5). METHODS: Using the search strategy assigned which was based on three keywords: "mild" or "minor", "stroke", and "intravenous thrombolysis", we searched for eligible articles on PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Scopus from inception till 10th January 2024. We conducted this meta-analysis using the random effect model to account for the heterogeneity among the studies. For the dichotomous variables, we calculated the odds ratio (OR) from the event and total of these variables. While for the continuous variables, we calculated the mean difference (MD) of these variables. Pooling of OR for the occurrence of events was also conducted. RESULTS: A total of 21 articles with 93,057 patients with MIS were included. The mean age of the participants ranged from 62.3 to 79.6. Most of the included patients had comorbidities such as hypertension, diabetes, previous stroke, smoking, atrial fibrillation, and hyperlipidemia. Of these, 10,850 received IVT while 82,207 did not. The use of IVT was statistically significant associated with 90-day modified Rankin score (mRs) 0-1 when compared with control with OR of 1.67 (95%CI: 1.46, 1.91, p < 0.00001) and was statistically significantly associated with improvement of NIHSS on discharge with OR of 2.19 (95%CI: 1.56, 3.08, p < 0.00001). In terms of safety outcomes, IVT has proven a safe profile, as there was no significant difference in intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) and mortality rates between the IVT and control groups with OR of 1.75 (95CI: 0.95, 3.23, p = 0.07) and 0.93 (95%CI: 0.77, 1.11, p = 0.41), respectively. CONCLUSION: Although some studies have not found any benefits of IVT in MIS patients, a substantial body of literature strongly endorses IVT as an effective and safe treatment for MIS. IVT has been shown to improve the mRs and NIHSS scores at the 90-day mark without an increased risk of ICH or mortality.
- MeSH
- cévní mozková příhoda farmakoterapie MeSH
- fibrinolytika * aplikace a dávkování terapeutické užití MeSH
- intravenózní podání MeSH
- ischemická cévní mozková příhoda farmakoterapie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- tkáňový aktivátor plazminogenu aplikace a dávkování terapeutické užití škodlivé účinky MeSH
- trombolytická terapie * metody MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- metaanalýza MeSH
- systematický přehled MeSH
V roce 2019 vydala Evropská kardiologická společnost po pěti letech nové doporučené postupy pro diagnostiku a léčbu plicní embolie. Tento článek shrnuje novinky z těchto guidelines. Podrobnosti, přesné třídy a úrovně doporučení jsou uvedeny v kompletním originálním textu doporučení (1).
In 2019, the European Society of Cardiology published new guidelines for the management of acute pulmonary embolism. This article summarizes the new/revised concepts and recommendations. Details as well as classes of recommendations and levels of evidence are listed in the original text of the guidelines (1).
- MeSH
- antikoagulancia terapeutické užití MeSH
- CT angiografie MeSH
- echokardiografie MeSH
- fibrin-fibrinogen - produkty degradace MeSH
- hodnocení rizik MeSH
- komplikace těhotenství etiologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nádory komplikace MeSH
- péče o pacienty v kritickém stavu MeSH
- plicní embolie * diagnóza farmakoterapie terapie MeSH
- směrnice pro lékařskou praxi jako téma MeSH
- srdeční selhání etiologie komplikace terapie MeSH
- tkáňový aktivátor plazminogenu aplikace a dávkování škodlivé účinky terapeutické užití MeSH
- trombofilie diagnóza komplikace terapie MeSH
- trombolytická terapie metody škodlivé účinky MeSH
- žilní trombóza komplikace MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
Intravenous thrombolysis is a proven treatment of acute ischemic stroke. Its complications include intracranial hemorrhage; the risk may be increased in the presence of an unruptured aneurysm. We present a case report of a patient who suffered fatal subarachnoid hemorrhage after thrombolysis from a known aneurysm. A history of recent previously inexperienced headaches was revealed retrospectively, suggestive of sentinel bleedings. A similar patient was identified in the literature; we thus propose that this history should be excluded in patients harboring an aneurysm considered for thrombolytic treatment.
- MeSH
- cévní mozková příhoda farmakoterapie MeSH
- fatální výsledek MeSH
- fibrinolytika škodlivé účinky terapeutické užití MeSH
- intrakraniální aneurysma chemicky indukované MeSH
- intravenózní podání MeSH
- ischemie mozku farmakoterapie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- prasklé aneurysma chemicky indukované MeSH
- retrospektivní studie MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- tkáňový aktivátor plazminogenu škodlivé účinky terapeutické užití MeSH
- trombolytická terapie škodlivé účinky MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- kazuistiky MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Patients with stroke mimics (SM), i.e. conditions with stroke-like symptoms, may risk harm if treated with intravenous thrombolysis (IVT). Current guidelines state low risk of intracerebral hemorrhage based on studies comprising a total of <400 SM cases. We aimed to compare safety and outcomes following IVT between patients with acute ischaemic stroke and mimicking conditions. METHODS: We included IVT-treated ischaemic stroke patients in the SITS International Stroke Thrombolysis Register 2003-2017, examined with magnetic resonance imaging 22-36 h after treatment. Outcomes were parenchymal hematoma (PH) after treatment, symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (SICH) per Safe Implementation of Thrombolysis in Stroke Monitoring Study (SITS-MOST), Second European Co-operative Stroke Study (ECASS II) and National Institutes of Neurological Disorders and Stroke Study (NINDS) criteria, death and modified Rankin Scale score (mRS) at 3 months. RESULTS: Of 10 436 patients, 429 mimics (4.1%) were identified. The most common types were functional (30.8%), migraine (17.5%) and seizure (14.2%). Patients with mimics had fewer cerebrovascular risk factors and lower median National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score [7 (interquartile range, 5-10) vs. 8 (5-14), P < 0.001]. Among mimics versus stroke patients, PH was seen in 1.2% vs. 5.1% (P < 0.001), SICH NINDS in 0.5% vs. 3.9% (P < 0.001), SICH ECASS II in 0.2% vs. 2.1% (P = 0.007) and SICH SITS-MOST in 0% vs. 0.5% (P = 0.28). Modified Rankin Scale score 0-1 at 3 months was present in 84.1% vs. 57.7% (P < 0.001) and death within 3 months in 2.6% vs. 5.4% (P = 0.028) of mimics and stroke patients, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: This large observational study indicated that PH and SICH following IVT in patients with SM are uncommon.
- MeSH
- cerebrální krvácení chemicky indukované MeSH
- cévní mozková příhoda diagnóza farmakoterapie MeSH
- chybná diagnóza MeSH
- diferenciální diagnóza MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- fibrinolytika aplikace a dávkování škodlivé účinky terapeutické užití MeSH
- intravenózní podání MeSH
- ischemie mozku diagnóza farmakoterapie MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- migréna diagnóza MeSH
- rizikové faktory MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- tkáňový aktivátor plazminogenu aplikace a dávkování škodlivé účinky terapeutické užití MeSH
- trombolytická terapie škodlivé účinky MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- záchvaty diagnóza MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- MeSH
- antikoagulancia MeSH
- čas zasáhnout při rozvinutí nemoci MeSH
- hospitalizace MeSH
- hypertenze farmakoterapie MeSH
- inhibitory agregace trombocytů klasifikace terapeutické užití MeSH
- ischemie mozku * diagnóza farmakoterapie terapie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mechanická trombolýza MeSH
- metodiky postupů MeSH
- tkáňový aktivátor plazminogenu * aplikace a dávkování škodlivé účinky terapeutické užití MeSH
- zajištění dýchacích cest MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- směrnice pro lékařskou praxi MeSH
BACKGROUND: Intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) is contraindicated in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) using oral anticoagulants. A specific human monoclonal antibody was introduced to reverse immediately the anticoagulation effect of the direct inhibitor of thrombin, dabigatran. Until now, mostly individual cases presenting with successful IVT after a reversal of dabigatran anticoagulation in patients with AIS were published. Thus, we aimed to report real-world data from clinical practice. METHODS: Patients with AIS on dabigatran treated with IVT after antidote reversal were enrolled in the retrospective nationwide study. Neurological deficit was scored using the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and 90-day clinical outcome using modified Rankin scale (mRS) with a score 0-2 for a good outcome. Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) was defined as a presence of any sign of bleeding on control imaging after IVT, and symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (SICH) was assessed according to the Safe Implementation of Thrombolysis in Stroke-Monitoring Study (SITS-MOST) criteria. RESULTS: In total, 13 patients (7 men, mean age 70.0 ± 9.1 years) with a median NIHSS admission score of 7 points were analyzed. Of these patients, 61.5% used 2 × 150 mg of dabigatran daily. Antidote was administrated 427 ± 235 minutes after the last intake of dabigatran, with a mean activated prothrombin time of 38.1 ± 27.8 seconds and a mean thrombin time of 72.2 ± 56.1 seconds. Of the 13 patients, 2 had ICH and 1 had SICH, and no other bleeding complications were observed after IVT. Of the total number of patients, 76.9% had a good 3-month clinical outcome and 3 patients (23.1%) died. Recurrent ischemic stroke occurred in 2 patients (15.4%). CONCLUSION: The data presented in the study support the safety and efficacy of IVT after the reversal of the anticoagulation effect of dabigatran with antidote in a real-world clinical practice.
- MeSH
- antidota škodlivé účinky terapeutické užití MeSH
- antikoagulancia škodlivé účinky terapeutické užití MeSH
- cerebrální krvácení etiologie MeSH
- cévní mozková příhoda farmakoterapie mortalita MeSH
- dabigatran škodlivé účinky terapeutické užití MeSH
- fibrinolytika aplikace a dávkování škodlivé účinky MeSH
- humanizované monoklonální protilátky škodlivé účinky terapeutické užití MeSH
- intravenózní podání MeSH
- ischemie mozku farmakoterapie mortalita MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- rekombinantní proteiny aplikace a dávkování škodlivé účinky MeSH
- retrospektivní studie MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- tkáňový aktivátor plazminogenu aplikace a dávkování škodlivé účinky MeSH
- trombolytická terapie * škodlivé účinky MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) is a standard treatment for anterior (ACS) and posterior circulation stroke (PCS). However, due to the low occurrence of PCS and of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) in PCS, the knowledge about ICH predictors following IVT in PCS is sparse. Our aim was to identify predictors for ICH following IVT in PCS. The set consisted of 1281 consecutive ischemic stroke (IS) patients treated with IVT, out of which 158 (103 males; mean age 65.6 ± 12.3 years) had PCS. Collected data include baseline characteristics, common stroke risk factors, pre-medication, stroke severity, admission blood glucose level, blood pressure and treatment with intravenous antihypertensive therapy before and during IVT, occlusion of arteries, recanalization rate, time to treatment, and clinical outcome at day 90. Overall, 11 (7%) patients had ICH. Atrial fibrillation (p = 0.004), neurological deficit at time of treatment in the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (p = 0.016), decreased level of consciousness (p = 0.003), occlusion of basilar artery (p = 0.007), occlusion of PCA (p = 0.001), and additional endovascular therapy (p = 0.001) were identified by logistic regression analysis as significant predictors for ICH in PCS. Patients with ischemic lesion in the brainstem, occlusion of vertebral artery, or absence of basilar and posterior cerebral artery occlusion might be considered for treatment with IVT even in borderline cases. Those patients seem to have less frequently favorable outcomes without an increase in ICH rate. Time to IVT in PCS seems not to influence ICH risk or chances for favorable outcomes as significantly as it does in ACS.
- MeSH
- cévní mozková příhoda etiologie terapie MeSH
- fibrinolytika škodlivé účinky MeSH
- intrakraniální krvácení chemicky indukované diagnóza MeSH
- intravenózní podání MeSH
- ischemie mozku komplikace MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- magnetická rezonanční angiografie MeSH
- magnetická rezonanční tomografie MeSH
- prediktivní hodnota testů MeSH
- retrospektivní studie MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- tkáňový aktivátor plazminogenu škodlivé účinky MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
INTRODUCTION: Recognizing new-territory ischemic stroke as an uncommon complication of intravenous thrombolysis is very important as it can lead to neurological deterioration during tissue-plasminogen-activator infusion. CASE REPORT: We report a case of an 80-year-old patient that has been treated with intravenous thrombolysis for right middle cerebral artery acute ischemic stroke. During infusion he had an abrupt neurological deterioration that proved to be a distal embolization of an asymptomatic non-occluding tip-of-the-basilar thrombus to the territory of left posterior cerebral artery that has been missed by the treating neurologist and radiologist in the pretreatment computed tomography angiography. In the thrombectomy that followed, only the right carotid artery has been catheterized and only the right middle cerebral artery was successfully recanalized, leaving the left posterior cerebral artery occlusion untreated. CONCLUSIONS: This case highlights that the use of thrombectomy in clinical practice provides an effective therapeutic option for large vessel occlusion in this setting. However, high clinical suspicion for this rare complication is mandatory to proceed to correct diagnosis and treatment.
- MeSH
- cévní mozková příhoda komplikace farmakoterapie MeSH
- intravenózní podání MeSH
- ischemie mozku komplikace farmakoterapie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- tkáňový aktivátor plazminogenu aplikace a dávkování škodlivé účinky terapeutické užití MeSH
- trombolytická terapie * MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- kazuistiky MeSH
- Klíčová slova
- stent-retriever,
- MeSH
- časové faktory MeSH
- cévní mozková příhoda * farmakoterapie chirurgie MeSH
- endovaskulární výkony MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mechanická trombolýza * přístrojové vybavení škodlivé účinky MeSH
- stenty MeSH
- tkáňový aktivátor plazminogenu farmakokinetika farmakologie škodlivé účinky MeSH
- trombektomie metody MeSH
- trombóza * diagnostické zobrazování diagnóza terapie MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- žilní trombóza terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH