Polyunsaturated fatty acids of the n-3 series (n-3 PUFA) exhibit a number of favorable effects on the human organism and it is desirable to increase their intake in the diet. For this purpose, flaxseed oil was added to a chicken-feed mixture for the production of meat and eggs. The content of n-3 PUFA in the obtained meat was increased from 250 mg (reference value) to 900 mg in 100 g of meat and from 110 mg (reference value) to 190 mg in 100 g of whole egg; the enriched products are designated as omega-3 meat and omega-3 eggs. Omega-3 meat and eggs were subsequently fed for a period of eight weeks in an amount of 480 g of meat and four eggs (228 g netto) a week to a group of 14 healthy volunteers, whose body composition parameters were measured and blood was analyzed biochemically to determine blood lipids, coagulation parameters, plasma, and erythrocyte fatty acid spectrum composition. A control group of 14 volunteers was fed normal chicken and eggs in the same regime. The performed dietary intervention increases the intake of long-chain PUFA (LC-PUFA) by 37 mg per day, which represents 7-15% of the recommended daily dose. The performed tests demonstrated that the consumption of omega-3 enriched meat and eggs significantly increases the content of n-3 PUFA in the erythrocytes, which are a long-term indicator of fatty acid intake. This intervention has no demonstrable effect on the basic body parameters, such as body weight, fat content, Body Mass Index (BMI), and also on the plasma cholesterol level, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), blood clotting and inflammation markers, and omega-3 index.
- MeSH
- dieta metody MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- erytrocyty chemie MeSH
- fortifikované potraviny * MeSH
- index tělesné hmotnosti MeSH
- jednoduchá slepá metoda MeSH
- kardiovaskulární nemoci prevence a kontrola MeSH
- kyseliny mastné omega-3 aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lipoproteiny HDL krev MeSH
- lipoproteiny LDL krev MeSH
- maso MeSH
- mastné kyseliny krev MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- rizikové faktory kardiovaskulárních chorob MeSH
- vejce MeSH
- zdraví dobrovolníci pro lékařské studie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- randomizované kontrolované studie MeSH
Hořčík je významným faktorem v celé řadě metabolických reakcí, zejména při tvorbě energie, ve funkci mitochondrií, je součástí kofaktorů enzymů a moduluje funkci transportních pump a kanálů buněčné membrány. Deficit hořčíku je v populaci industriálně rozvinutých zemí velmi častý a pohybuje se kolem 33 % ve všech věkových skupinách mužů i žen. Diagnostika deplece hořčíku v organismu je složitá, vzhledem k tomu, že se tento iont vyskytuje v biologických systémech v několika frakcích, dále proto, že jeho maximum je obsaženo intracelulárně. Klinická symptomatologie hořčíkové deplece je velmi široká od minimálních obtíží až po život ohrožující arytmie. Správná suplementace hořčíku se řídí striktními pravidly, zejména pokud jde o cestu podání (perorální nebo parenterální). Výskyt hypomagnezemie, zejména v industriálně rozvinutých zemích, je stále významný fenomén, který vyvolává značné medicínské problémy a je podceňován z klinického i preventivního hlediska.
Magnesium is a significant factor in a whole range of metabolic reactions, particularly in energy production, in mitochondrial function, beinga part of enzyme cofactors and modulating the function of transport pumps and cell membrane channels. Magnesium deficiency is verycommon in the population of industrialized countries, ranging around 33% in all male and female age groups. The diagnosis of magnesiumdepletion in the body is difficult, given that this ion is present in biological systems in several fractions and, furthermore, because its maximum is contained intracellularly. The clinical symptomatology of magnesium depletion is very broad, ranging from minimal complaints tolife-threatening arrhythmias. Proper magnesium supplementation follows strict rules, particularly in terms of the route of administration (oralor parenteral).The occurrence of hypomagnesaemia, mainly in industrialized countries, remains a major phenomenon causing substantial health problems,and is underrated from both the clinical and preventive viewpoint.
- MeSH
- erytrocyty chemie MeSH
- hořčík * fyziologie krev MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nedostatek hořčíku * dietoterapie komplikace patofyziologie terapie MeSH
- odběr vzorku krve metody MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Over the last five decades, many methods to analyze thiamine (vitamin B1) and its phosphorylated forms in urine, whole blood, serum, plasma and erythrocytes have been proposed. Some of the methods are presently used in routine practice, but analytical problems regarding reproducibility, standardization, lack of automation, time consuming procedures for pretreatment and analysis are often discussed. With modern approaches to bioanalysis in clinical research of vitamins, whole processes can be automated, making analysis less time consuming, with reduced consumption of solvents and samples. This review critically discusses various analytical techniques, their advantages and disadvantages that are used for determination of thiamine and its derivatives in clinical practice, with emphasis on accurate, reliable and fast analytical procedures.
- MeSH
- erytrocyty chemie MeSH
- klinická chemie normy trendy MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- referenční standardy MeSH
- reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
- thiamin analýza krev moč MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
Hořčík je významným faktorem v celé řadě metabolických reakcí, zejména při tvorbě energie, ve funkci mitochondrií, je součástí kofaktorů enzymů a moduluje funkci transportních pump a kanálů buněčné membrány. Deficit hořčíku je v populaci industriálně rozvinutých zemí velmi častý a pohybuje se kolem 33 % ve všech věkových skupinách mužů i žen. Diagnostika deplece hořčíku v organismu je složitá, vzhledem k tomu, že se tento iont vyskytuje v biologických systémech v několika frakcích, dále proto, že jeho maximum je obsaženo intracelulárně. Klinická symptomatologie hořčíkové deplece je velmi široká od minimálních obtíží až po život ohrožující arytmie. Správná suplementace hořčíku se řídí striktními pravidly, zejména pokud jde o cestu podání (perorální nebo parenterální). Výskyt hypomagnezemie, zejména v industriálně rozvinutých zemích, je stále významný fenomén, který vyvolává značné medicínské problémy a je podceňován z klinického i preventivního hlediska.
Magnesium is a significant factor in a whole range of metabolic reactions, particularly in energy production, in mitochondrial function, being a part of enzyme cofactors and modulating the function of transport pumps and cell membrane channels. Magnesium deficiency is very common in the population of industrialized countries, ranging around 33% in all male and female age groups. The diagnosis of magnesium depletion in the body is difficult, given that this ion is present in biological systems in several fractions and, furthermore, because its maximum is contained intracellularly. The clinical symptomatology of magnesium depletion is very broad, ranging from minimal complaints to life-threatening arrhythmias. Proper magnesium supplementation follows strict rules, particularly in terms of the route of administration (oral or parenteral). The occurrence of hypomagnesaemia, mainly in industrialized countries, remains a major phenomenon causing substantial health problems, and is underrated from both the clinical and preventive viewpoint.
- MeSH
- erytrocyty chemie MeSH
- hořčík * fyziologie krev MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nedostatek hořčíku * dietoterapie komplikace patofyziologie terapie MeSH
- odběr vzorku krve metody MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Reversed-phase ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography (RP-UHPLC) method using two 15cm sub-2μm particles octadecylsilica gel columns is developed with the goal to separate and unambiguously identify a large number of lipid species in biological samples. The identification is performed by the coupling with high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) using quadrupole - time-of-flight (QTOF) instrument. Electrospray ionization (ESI) full scan and tandem mass spectra are measured in both polarity modes with the mass accuracy better than 5ppm, which provides a high confidence of lipid identification. Over 400 lipid species covering 14 polar and nonpolar lipid classes from 5 lipid categories are identified in total lipid extracts of human plasma, human urine and porcine brain. The general dependences of relative retention times on relative carbon number or relative double bond number are constructed and fit with the second degree polynomial regression. The regular retention patterns in homologous lipid series provide additional identification point for UHPLC/MS lipidomic analysis, which increases the confidence of lipid identification. The reprocessing of previously published data by our and other groups measured in the RP mode and ultrahigh-performance supercritical fluid chromatography on the silica column shows more generic applicability of the polynomial regression for the description of retention behavior and the prediction of retention times. The novelty of this work is the characterization of general trends in the retention behavior of lipids within logical series with constant fatty acyl length or double bond number, which may be used as an additional criterion to increase the confidence of lipid identification.
- MeSH
- časové faktory MeSH
- chromatografie s reverzní fází metody MeSH
- erytrocyty chemie MeSH
- hmotnostní spektrometrie s elektrosprejovou ionizací metody MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lipidy analýza krev chemie moč MeSH
- mozek - chemie MeSH
- prasata MeSH
- superkritická fluidní chromatografie MeSH
- tandemová hmotnostní spektrometrie metody MeSH
- vysokoúčinná kapalinová chromatografie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
UNLABELLED: Consumption of antioxidant-enriched diets is 1 method of addressing obesity, which is associated with chronic oxidative stress and changes in the activity/expression of various enzymes. In this study, we hypothesized that the modulation of antioxidant enzymes and redox status through a cranberry extract (CBE)-enriched diet would differ between obese and nonobese mice. The CBE used in this study was obtained from the American cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon, Ericaceae), a popular constituent of dietary supplements that is a particularly rich source of (poly)phenols and has strong antioxidant properties. The present study was designed to test and compare the in vivo effects of 28-day consumption of a CBE-enriched diet (2%) on the antioxidant status of nonobese mice and mice with monosodium glutamate-induced obesity. Plasma, erythrocytes, liver, and small intestine were studied concurrently to obtain more complex information. The specific activities, protein, and messenger RNA expression levels of antioxidant enzymes as well as the levels of malondialdehyde and thiol (SH) groups were analyzed. Cranberry extract treatment increased the SH group content in plasma and the glutathione S-transferase activity in the erythrocytes of the obese and nonobese mice. In addition, in the obese animals, the CBE treatment reduced the malondialdehyde content in erythrocytes and increased NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase (liver) and catalase (erythrocytes and small intestine) activities. The elevation of hepatic NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase activity was accompanied by an increase in the corresponding messenger RNA levels. The effects of CBE on the activity of antioxidant enzymes and redox status were more pronounced in the obese mice compared with the nonobese mice.
- MeSH
- antioxidancia aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- dieta MeSH
- erytrocyty chemie MeSH
- glutathiontransferasa krev MeSH
- játra enzymologie MeSH
- katalasa krev metabolismus MeSH
- malondialdehyd krev MeSH
- messenger RNA analýza MeSH
- myši MeSH
- NAD(P)H dehydrogenasa (chinon) genetika metabolismus MeSH
- obezita krev chemicky indukované enzymologie MeSH
- ovoce chemie MeSH
- oxidace-redukce MeSH
- rostlinné extrakty aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- sulfhydrylové sloučeniny krev MeSH
- tenké střevo enzymologie MeSH
- Vaccinium macrocarpon * MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- myši MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
A novel normal-phase (NP) ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UHPLC/MS) method is developed for a separation and quantitation of nonpolar lipid classes occurring in human plasma, erythrocytes and plasma lipoprotein fractions. The baseline class separation of cholesteryl esters (CE), cholesterol, triacylglycerols (TG), regioisomers of 1,2- and 1,3-diacylglycerols (DG) and 1-monoacylglycerols (1-MG) is achieved using an optimized hexane - 2-propanol-acetonitrile mobile phase within 18min for all nonpolar lipid classes or only 9min excluding monoacylglycerols not detected in studied samples. The determination of individual nonpolar lipid classes is performed by the response factor approach and the use of dioleoyl ethylene glycol as a single internal standard. Polar lipid classes, such as phosphatidylglycerols (PG), phosphatidylethanolamines (PE), phosphatidylcholines (PC), sphingomyelins (SM) and lysophosphatidylcholines (LPC), are separated by hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) using 5mmol/L aqueous ammonium acetate-methanol-acetonitrile gradient within 13minutes. The quantitation of polar lipid classes is done by a similar approach as for nonpolar lipid classes, but a different internal standard (sphingosyl PE d17:1/12:0) is used. The complementary information on fatty acyl profiles after the transesterification of the total lipid extract is obtained by gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC/FID). The applicability of developed methodology for fast and comprehensive characterization of blood lipidome is illustrated on samples of human plasma, erythrocytes, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) fractions.
- MeSH
- biochemická analýza krve metody MeSH
- chromatografie kapalinová * MeSH
- erytrocyty chemie MeSH
- fosfatidylcholiny chemie MeSH
- hmotnostní spektrometrie * MeSH
- hydrofobní a hydrofilní interakce MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lipidy analýza chemie MeSH
- lipoproteiny krev MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
A laboratory-made INSTCoated fused-silica capillary has been newly used for CE separation of four mixtures of proteins in sodium phosphate BGEs at pH 3.0 and 2.5, respectively. The obtained separation efficiencies range from 145,000 theoretical plates per meter for myoglobin to 1,216,000 m(-1) for lysozyme. A total of 49-89% of the number of theoretical plates was obtained in a commercial polyvinyl alcohol coated capillary compared to the INSTCoated capillary under the same experimental conditions, 0-86% was obtained in a laboratory polyacrylamide-coated capillary, and only 0-6% was obtained in an uncoated fused-silica capillary. The RSD values for the intraday repeatability for an INSTCoated capillary were 0.1-1.0% (migration time) and 0.3-2.4% (peak area); RSD values for the interday repeatability in the same capillary are 0.6-1.4% (migration time) and 2.4-5.5% (peak area); RSD values for interday repeatability between different capillaries equaled 1.7-2.1% (migration time) and 2.8-10.9% (peak area). The INSTCoated capillary has been further used for rapid determination of globin chains isolated from red blood cells. A separation of α and β chains prepared from adult blood has been completed in 3 min with a peak resolution of 1.3, and the separation of α and (G)γ chains prepared from newborn blood took 3 min with a peak resolution of 3.6.
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- elektroforéza kapilární MeSH
- erytrocyty chemie MeSH
- globiny analýza izolace a purifikace MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- novorozenec MeSH
- oxid křemičitý chemie MeSH
- polymery chemie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- novorozenec MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Ellipticine (5,11-dimethyl-6H-pyrido[4,3-b]carbazole), an alkaloid isolated from Apocynaceae plants, exhibits an antitumor activity, which is exceptionally high against several specific types of tumors. Ellipticine is also interesting as an anticancer drug as it has limited side effects and lacks of hematological toxicity. Various methods to study intercalating activity of this drug have been developed. However, to our best knowledge, capillary electrophoresis (CE) as a technique combining high separation resolution with various detection options has never been used for these purposes. In this study, a novel separation method based on CE with laser-induced fluorescence (CE-LIF) detection has been developed for the determination of ellipticine and for the monitoring of ellipticine-DNA interaction. Sodium acetate (50 mM, pH 4.5) was used as a background electrolyte and LIF detection at λ(ex) = 488 nm. The limit of detection for ellipticine was determined to be 5 × 10⁻⁸ M. A total of 20% dimethyl sulfoxide was found optimal as sample solvent. Additionally, intercalation of ellipticine into the double-stranded DNA was investigated. Signal corresponding to ellipticine was decreasing and a new peak appeared and was growing. It can be concluded that CE-LIF is a method applicable to in vitro studies of ellipticine-DNA complexes.
- MeSH
- dimethylsulfoxid chemie MeSH
- DNA krev chemie izolace a purifikace metabolismus MeSH
- elektroforéza kapilární metody MeSH
- elipticiny chemie metabolismus farmakologie MeSH
- erytrocyty chemie MeSH
- fluorescenční spektrometrie metody MeSH
- kur domácí MeSH
- limita detekce MeSH
- lineární modely MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
We examined 138 saliva samples for the presence or absence of the blood antigens ABH using haemagglutination inhibition methodology. The outcomes of the tests were scanned and examined by special software, which used the HSV colour model, allowed setting the parameters in a way that enabled differentiation of agglutination clusters from suspensions of erythrocytes and subsequently calculated the area of agglutination clusters. The size of the area was (inversely) related to the presence of ABH substances in saliva. Both the secretor phenotypes and the intensity of secretion into saliva were statistically analysed in relation to gender, blood type, blood group genotype frequencies and secretor genotype frequencies.
- MeSH
- ABO systém krevních skupin analýza MeSH
- erytrocyty chemie MeSH
- kolorimetrie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- počítačové zpracování obrazu metody MeSH
- sliny chemie MeSH
- software MeSH
- testy inhibice hemaglutinace metody MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
