Kainic acid (KA) is a potent neurotoxic substance valuable in research of temporal lobe epilepsy. We tested how subconvulsive dose of KA influences spontaneous behavior of adult Wistar rats. Animals were treated with 5 mg/kg of KA and tested in Laboras open field test for one hour in order to evaluate various behavioral parameters. Week after the KA treatment animals were tested again in Laboras open field test. Finally, rat's brains were sliced and stained with Fluoro-Jade B to detect possible neuronal degeneration. Treatment with KA increased the time spent by locomotion (p<0.01), exploratory rearing (p<0.05) and animals traveled longer distance (p<0.01). These parameters tended to increase thirty minutes after KA administration. Week after the treatment we did not found differences in any measured behavioral parameter. Histology in terms of Fluoro-Jade B staining did not reveal any obvious neuronal damage in hippocampus. These results demonstrate that subconvulsive KA dose changes the behavioral parameters only transiently. Clarification of timing of the KA induced changes may contribute to understand mutual relationship between non-convulsive seizures and behavioral/cognitive consequences.
- MeSH
- agonisté excitačních aminokyselin farmakologie toxicita MeSH
- chemická stimulace MeSH
- hipokampus patologie MeSH
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- kyselina kainová farmakologie toxicita MeSH
- mozek patologie MeSH
- neurony patologie MeSH
- pátrací chování účinky léků MeSH
- pohybová aktivita účinky léků MeSH
- potkani Wistar MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
The auxiliary alpha2delta-1 subunit of voltage-gated calcium channels is up-regulated in dorsal root ganglion neurons following peripheral somatosensory nerve damage, in several animal models of neuropathic pain. The alpha2delta-1 protein has a mainly presynaptic localization, where it is associated with the calcium channels involved in neurotransmitter release. Relevant to the present study, alpha2delta-1 has been shown to be the therapeutic target of the gabapentinoid drugs in their alleviation of neuropathic pain. These drugs are also used in the treatment of certain epilepsies. In this study we therefore examined whether the level or distribution of alpha2delta-1 was altered in the hippocampus following experimental induction of epileptic seizures in rats, using both the kainic acid model of human temporal lobe epilepsy, in which status epilepticus is induced, and the tetanus toxin model in which status epilepticus is not involved. The main finding of this study is that we did not identify somatic overexpression of alpha2delta-1 in hippocampal neurons in either of the epilepsy models, unlike the upregulation of alpha2delta-1 that occurs following peripheral nerve damage to both somatosensory and motor neurons. However, we did observe local reorganization of alpha2delta-1 immunostaining in the hippocampus only in the kainic acid model, where it was associated with areas of neuronal cell loss, as indicated by absence of NeuN immunostaining, dendritic loss, as identified by areas where microtubule-associated protein-2 immunostaining was missing, and reactive gliosis, determined by regions of strong OX42 staining.
- MeSH
- antigeny CD11b metabolismus MeSH
- buněčná smrt MeSH
- epilepsie chemicky indukované komplikace patologie MeSH
- fosfopyruváthydratasa metabolismus MeSH
- glióza etiologie MeSH
- hipokampus * metabolismus MeSH
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- kyselina kainová toxicita MeSH
- ligace škodlivé účinky MeSH
- modely nemocí na zvířatech MeSH
- neuralgie etiologie komplikace patologie MeSH
- neurotoxiny toxicita MeSH
- potkani Sprague-Dawley MeSH
- proteiny asociované s mikrotubuly metabolismus MeSH
- regulace genové exprese fyziologie účinky léků MeSH
- spinální ganglia * metabolismus MeSH
- tetanový toxin toxicita MeSH
- vápníkové kanály - typ L MeSH
- vápníkové kanály * metabolismus MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
Consumption of seafood containing toxin domoic acid (DA) causes an alteration of glutamatergic signaling pathways and could lead to various signs of neurotoxicity in animals and humans. Neonatal treatment with domoic acid was suggested as valuable model of schizophrenia and epilepsy. We tested how repeated early postnatal DA administration influences the spontaneous behavior of rats in adulthood. Rats were injected with 30 microg DA/kg from postnatal day (PND) 10 until PND 14. Their behavior was observed in the open field test for one hour (Laboras, Metris) at PND 35, PND 42 and PND 112. We did not find any difference between DA treated rats and animals injected with equivalent volume of saline in both test sessions at PND 35 and PND 42. DA rats at PND 112 exhibited significantly higher vertical and horizontal exploratory activity (tested parameters: locomotion, distance travelled, average speed reached during test, grooming and rearing) between the 30th-40th min of the test session and habituated over 10 min later. We conclude that at least in the given experimental design, neonatal DA treatment results in alteration of the spontaneous behavior of rats in adulthood.
- MeSH
- kyselina kainová aplikace a dávkování analogy a deriváty toxicita MeSH
- myši MeSH
- nervosvalové látky depolarizující aplikace a dávkování toxicita MeSH
- novorozená zvířata MeSH
- pohybová aktivita účinky léků MeSH
- potkani Wistar MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- myši MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Domoic acid (DA) is a potent marine neurotoxine present in seafood. Intoxication by DA causes gastrointestinal symptoms like vomiting and diarrhoea and also the so-called amnesic shellfish poisoning (inflicting memory impairment and seizures). Since exposure to non-convulsive doses is relevant to the human health, we investigated the effect of low dose DA administration in adult Wistar rats. Rats were administered with DA at the dose 1.0 mg/kg and their behavior was monitored for one hour in three sessions. The first session started immediately after DA administration. The second and third session started one and two weeks later. After the third session, the histochemical analysis of the hippocampi of the animals was conducted (Fluoro-Jade B, bis-benzimide). DA increased time spent by locomotion and distance travelled in the second half of the first session and this effect was pronounced during the second and third session. Exploratory rearing was decreased by DA administration in the first half of the first session. DA influenced the grooming in biphasic manner (decrease followed by an increase of time spent by grooming). This biphasic trend was observed even two weeks after the DA administration. Histochemistry of DA treated rats did not confirm the presence of apoptotic bodies, Fluoro-Jade B positive cells were not found neither in CA1 nor CA3 area of the hippocampi. Our study revealed that a low dose of DA affect short and long-term the spontaneous behavior of rats without inducing neuronal damage.
- MeSH
- apoptóza účinky léků MeSH
- hipokampální oblast CA1 cytologie účinky léků MeSH
- hipokampální oblast CA3 cytologie účinky léků MeSH
- kyselina kainová aplikace a dávkování analogy a deriváty toxicita MeSH
- lokomoce účinky léků MeSH
- náhodné rozdělení MeSH
- nervosvalové látky depolarizující aplikace a dávkování toxicita MeSH
- péče o zevnějšek u zvířat účinky léků MeSH
- pohybová aktivita účinky léků MeSH
- potkani Wistar MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- MeSH
- finanční podpora výzkumu jako téma MeSH
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- kyselina kainová metabolismus toxicita MeSH
- limbický systém patologie účinky léků MeSH
- neuroprotektivní látky farmakologie metabolismus terapeutické užití MeSH
- simvastatin farmakologie metabolismus terapeutické užití MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
Stimulant drugs are often associated with increased seizure susceptibility. Inhibitory gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and excitatory N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) systems play an important role in the effect of stimulants on epileptic seizures. No studies investigating the effect of prenatal methamphetamine (MA) exposure on seizures are available. In this study, bicuculline (GABAA receptor antagonist), NMDA (NMDA receptor agonist) and kainic acid (non-NMDA receptor agonist) were used to induce seizures in adult male rats. Three groups of animals were tested in each seizure test: prenatally MA- (5 mg/kg) exposed, prenatally saline-exposed, and absolute controls without any prenatal exposure. In bicuculline-induced seizures, the latency to onset of tonic-clonic seizures was shorter in MA-exposed rats than in controls, but it did not differ from saline-exposed rats. There were no differences in clonic seizure onset between groups. In NMDA-induced seizures, the latency to onset of clonic-tonic seizures was shorter in prenatally MA-exposed rats than in controls; however, the latency to onset of saline-exposed animals did not differ from either MA-exposed or from control rats. There were no differences in seizure susceptibility in kainic acid-induced clonic seizures. There were no differences in seizure incidences or stereotypical behavior in any seizure model. The question remains as to how much the present data demonstrate the effect of prenatal drug exposure on seizure susceptibility per se, and how much they may be explained by the effect of prenatal stress or by other mechanism(s).
- MeSH
- bikukulin antagonisté a inhibitory toxicita MeSH
- GABA antagonisté * toxicita MeSH
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- kyselina kainová antagonisté a inhibitory toxicita MeSH
- methamfetamin terapeutické užití MeSH
- N-methylaspartát antagonisté a inhibitory toxicita MeSH
- potkani Wistar MeSH
- stimulanty centrálního nervového systému terapeutické užití toxicita MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- záchvaty * chemicky indukované prevence a kontrola MeSH
- zpožděný efekt prenatální expozice MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- MeSH
- finanční podpora výzkumu jako téma MeSH
- fyzikální stimulace MeSH
- kašel MeSH
- kočky chirurgie MeSH
- kyselina kainová toxicita MeSH
- neurony fyziologie účinky léků MeSH
- pons anatomie a histologie fyziologie MeSH
- reflex fyziologie patofyziologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- kočky chirurgie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- MeSH
- amygdala chirurgie účinky léků MeSH
- chování zvířat MeSH
- corpus striatum chirurgie MeSH
- injekce MeSH
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- kyselina kainová aplikace a dávkování farmakologie toxicita MeSH
- stereotaktické techniky MeSH
- transplantace mozkové tkáně MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
