- MeSH
- interferon gama genetika imunologie MeSH
- Leishmania braziliensis imunologie MeSH
- Leishmania donovani imunologie MeSH
- Leishmania major imunologie MeSH
- leishmanióza kožní imunologie patologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- makrofágy imunologie MeSH
- monocyty imunologie MeSH
- myši inbrední BALB C MeSH
- myši inbrední C57BL MeSH
- myši MeSH
- přirozená imunita genetika imunologie MeSH
- proteiny vázající GTP genetika metabolismus MeSH
- transkriptom genetika MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- myši MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Leishmaniasis is an infectious disease caused by parasitic flagellates of the genus Leishmania. The authors present a case of 44-year-old man with Crohn's disease treated successfully with infliximab. This case report shows rare visceral leishmaniasis with cutaneous symptoms in an immunocompromised patient. Skin manifestations may occur before or after the visceral infection and they are often diverse.
- MeSH
- antiflogistika škodlivé účinky MeSH
- antiprotozoální látky škodlivé účinky MeSH
- Crohnova nemoc diagnóza farmakoterapie imunologie MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- fatální výsledek MeSH
- gastrointestinální látky škodlivé účinky MeSH
- hostitel s imunodeficiencí MeSH
- leishmanióza kožní chemicky indukované diagnóza farmakoterapie imunologie parazitologie MeSH
- leishmanióza viscerální chemicky indukované diagnóza farmakoterapie imunologie parazitologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- meglumin škodlivé účinky MeSH
- monoklonální protilátky škodlivé účinky MeSH
- organokovové sloučeniny škodlivé účinky MeSH
- srdeční arytmie chemicky indukované MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- kazuistiky MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
BACKGROUND: Leishmaniasis is a disease caused by protozoan parasites of genus Leishmania. The frequent involvement of Leishmania tropica in human leishmaniasis has been recognized only recently. Similarly as L. major, L. tropica causes cutaneous leishmaniasis in humans, but can also visceralize and cause systemic illness. The relationship between the host genotype and disease manifestations is poorly understood because there were no suitable animal models. METHODS: We studied susceptibility to L. tropica, using BALB/c-c-STS/A (CcS/Dem) recombinant congenic (RC) strains, which differ greatly in susceptibility to L. major. Mice were infected with L. tropica and skin lesions, cytokine and chemokine levels in serum, and parasite numbers in organs were measured. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Females of BALB/c and several RC strains developed skin lesions. In some strains parasites visceralized and were detected in spleen and liver. Importantly, the strain distribution pattern of symptoms caused by L. tropica was different from that observed after L. major infection. Moreover, sex differently influenced infection with L. tropica and L. major. L. major-infected males exhibited either higher or similar skin pathology as females, whereas L. tropica-infected females were more susceptible than males. The majority of L. tropica-infected strains exhibited increased levels of chemokines CCL2, CCL3 and CCL5. CcS-16 females, which developed the largest lesions, exhibited a unique systemic chemokine reaction, characterized by additional transient early peaks of CCL3 and CCL5, which were not present in CcS-16 males nor in any other strain. CONCLUSION: Comparison of L. tropica and L. major infections indicates that the strain patterns of response are species-specific, with different sex effects and largely different host susceptibility genes.
- MeSH
- cytokiny krev MeSH
- interakce hostitele a patogenu MeSH
- játra parazitologie MeSH
- kůže parazitologie patologie MeSH
- Leishmania major imunologie patogenita MeSH
- Leishmania tropica imunologie patogenita MeSH
- leishmanióza kožní genetika imunologie parazitologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- modely nemocí na zvířatech MeSH
- myši inbrední BALB C MeSH
- myši MeSH
- náchylnost k nemoci MeSH
- parazitární zátěž MeSH
- sexuální faktory MeSH
- slezina parazitologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- myši MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- srovnávací studie MeSH
Under laboratory conditions, hosts exposed twice to sand fly saliva are protected against severe leishmaniasis. However, people in endemic areas are exposed to the vector over a long term and may experience sand fly-free periods. Therefore, we exposed mice long- or short-term to Phlebotomus duboscqi bites, followed by Leishmania major infection either immediately or after a sand fly-free period. We showed that protection against leishmaniasis is limited to short-term exposure to sand flies immediately before infection. Our results may explain the persistence of leishmaniasis in endemic areas and should be taken into account when designing anti-Leishmania vaccines based on sand fly saliva.
- MeSH
- časové faktory MeSH
- hmyz - vektory imunologie parazitologie fyziologie MeSH
- kousnutí a bodnutí imunologie parazitologie MeSH
- Leishmania major fyziologie MeSH
- leishmanióza kožní imunologie parazitologie prevence a kontrola MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- myši inbrední BALB C MeSH
- myši MeSH
- Phlebotomus imunologie parazitologie fyziologie MeSH
- sliny imunologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- myši MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Elimination of pathogens is the basis of host resistance to infections; however, relationship between persisting pathogens and disease has not been clarified. Leishmania major infection in mice is an important model of host-pathogen relationship. Infected BALB/c mice exhibit high parasite numbers in lymph nodes and spleens, and a chronic disease with skin lesions, splenomegaly, and hepatomegaly, increased serum IgE levels and cytokine imbalance. Although numerous gene loci affecting these disease symptoms have been reported, genes controlling parasites' elimination or dissemination have never been mapped. We therefore compared genetics of the clinical and immunologic symptomatology with parasite load in (BALB/c x CcS-11) F2 hybrids and mapped five loci, two of which control parasite elimination or dissemination. Lmr5 influences parasite loads in spleens (and skin lesions, splenomegaly, and serum IgE, IL-4, and IFNgamma levels), and Lmr20 determines parasite numbers in draining lymph nodes (and serum levels of IgE and IFNgamma), but no skin or visceral pathology. Three additional loci do not affect parasite numbers but influence significantly the disease phenotype-Lmr21: skin lesions and IFNgamma levels, Lmr22: IL-4 levels, Lmr23: IFNgamma levels, indicating that development of L. major-caused disease includes critical regulations additional to control of parasite spread.
- MeSH
- interferon gama krev MeSH
- kůže patologie MeSH
- Leishmania imunologie MeSH
- leishmanióza kožní genetika imunologie parazitologie patologie MeSH
- lymfatické uzliny parazitologie MeSH
- myši inbrední BALB C MeSH
- myši MeSH
- pohlavní dimorfismus MeSH
- slezina parazitologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- myši MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- financování organizované MeSH
Medical intelligence unit
240 s. : obr., tab., grafy ; 26 cm
- Konspekt
- Patologie. Klinická medicína
- NLK Obory
- infekční lékařství
