CONTEXT: Noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features (NIFTP) was introduced as a new entity replacing the diagnosis of noninvasive encapsulated follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Significant variability in the incidence of NIFTP diagnosed in different world regions has been reported. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the rate of adoption of NIFTP, change in practice patterns, and uniformity in applying diagnostic criteria among pathologists practicing in different regions. METHODS: Two surveys distributed to pathologists of the International Endocrine Pathology Discussion Group with multiple-choice questions on NIFTP adoption into pathology practice and whole slide images of 5 tumors to collect information on nuclear score and diagnosis. Forty-eight endocrine pathologists, including 24 from North America, 8 from Europe, and 16 from Asia/Oceania completed the first survey and 38 the second survey. RESULTS: A 94% adoption rate of NIFTP by the pathologists was found. Yet, the frequency of rendering NIFTP diagnosis was significantly higher in North America than in other regions (P = .009). While the highest concordance was found in diagnosing lesions with mildly or well-developed PTC-like nuclei, there was significant variability in nuclear scoring and diagnosing NIFTP for tumors with moderate nuclear changes (nuclear score 2) (case 2, P < .05). Pathologists practicing in North America and Europe showed a tendency for lower thresholds for PTC-like nuclei and NIFTP than those practicing in Asia/Oceania. CONCLUSION: Despite a high adoption rate of NIFTP across geographic regions, NIFTP is diagnosed more often by pathologists in North America. Significant differences remain in diagnosing intermediate PTC-like nuclei and respectively NIFTP, with more conservative nuclear scoring in Asia/Oceania, which may explain the geographic differences in NIFTP incidence.
- MeSH
- buněčné jádro patologie MeSH
- folikulární adenokarcinom * patologie epidemiologie diagnóza MeSH
- lékařská praxe - způsoby provádění statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nádory štítné žlázy * epidemiologie patologie diagnóza MeSH
- papilární karcinom štítné žlázy epidemiologie patologie diagnóza MeSH
- papilární karcinom patologie epidemiologie diagnóza MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Asie MeSH
- Evropa MeSH
- Oceánie MeSH
- Severní Amerika MeSH
- MeSH
- autoimunitní tyreoiditida diagnóza farmakoterapie MeSH
- diagnostické zobrazování MeSH
- jehlová biopsie metody MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lymfatické metastázy terapie MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- papilární karcinom štítné žlázy * chirurgie diagnóza terapie MeSH
- radioizotopy jodu terapeutické užití MeSH
- struma etiologie MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- thyroxin aplikace a dávkování terapeutické užití MeSH
- tyreoidektomie metody MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kazuistiky MeSH
BACKGROUND: A low-risk thyroid tumour, non-invasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features (NIFTP) was introduced in 2016. NIFTP criteria require a thorough histological examination to rule out capsular and lymphovascular invasion, which denies the possibility of preoperative cytological diagnosis. Nevertheless, since the adoption of the new entity, the cytology of NIFTP has been a subject of interest. OBJECTIVES: The present systematic review and meta-analysis investigate the cytological diagnosis of NIFTP. METHOD: An online PubMed literature search was conducted between March 1, 2020, and June 30, 2020, for all original articles considering the cytology of histologically proven NIFTP. The studies including data on fine needle aspiration specimens classified by The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytology (TBSRTC) categories, risk of malignancy (ROMs) in the TBSRTC categories, and cytomorphological features of NIFTP were included in the meta-analysis. Non-English studies and case reports were excluded. The data were tabulated and statistical analysis was performed with Open Meta-Analyst program. RESULTS: Fifty-eight studies with a total of 2,553 NIFTP cases were included in the study. The pooled prevalence of NIFTP cases was calculated among 25,892 surgically resected cases from 20 studies and the results show that NIFTP consisted 4.4% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.5-5.4%) of all cases. Most of the NIFTP cases (79.0%) belonged to the intermediate categories of TBSRTC. The pooled distribution of NIFTP cases in each TBSRTC category was 1.3% (95% CI: 0.8-1.7%) in non-diagnostic (ND), 8.9% (95% CI: 6.9-10.8%) in benign, 29.2% (95% CI: 25.0-33.4%) in atypia of undetermined significance or follicular lesion of undetermined significance (AUS/FLUS), 24.2% (95% CI: 19.6-28.9%) in follicular neoplasm (FN), 19.5% (95% CI: 16.1-22.9%) in suspicious for malignancy (SM), and 6.9% (95% CI: 5.2-8.7%) in malignant. Compared to pre-NIFTP era, the pooled risk differences of ROM were reduced by 2.4% in ND, 2.7% in benign, 8.2% in AUS/FLUS, 8.2% in FN, 7.3% in SM, and 1.1% in the malignant category. The cytomorphological features of NIFTP were similar to follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (FVPTC) but lesser to papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). CONCLUSIONS: Based on our results, NIFTP remains a histological diagnosis. Although cytomorphological features cannot be used in differentiating NIFTP from FVPTC, they may guide in separating NIFTP from PTC. Features such as papillae, microfollicles, giant cells, psammoma bodies, and the amount of papillary-like nuclear features should be taken into account when suspicious of NIFTP. NIFTP should not have papillae or psammoma bodies, and giant cells were rarely observed.
V kazuistice popisujeme případ 51-leté pacientky, která podstoupila totalizaci thyreoidektomie – resekci pravého laloku štítné žlázy pro růstovou progresi největšího uzlu. Z dominantního uzlu byla provedena aspirační biopsie tenkou jehlou (FNAB), která byla suspektní z malignity. V resekátu popsaný uzel odpovídal solidní, šedobělavé afekci, mikroskopicky s neobvyklou morfologií a imunoprofilem. Nález svědčil pro vzácný podtyp karcinomu štítné žlázy, tzv. kribriformně – morulární tyreoidální karcinom (CMTC). Nádor se většinou chová indolentně, je asociován s dobrou prognózou. Může se vyskytovat familiárně i sporadicky, převážně jako solitární léze, nebo multifokálně, často ve spojitosti s autozomálně dominantním syndromem familiární adenomatózní polypózy (FAP), proto je nutno při této diagnóze na něj cíleně poukázat. U pacientky byl vyloučen syndrom familiární polypózy, mutace genu APC byla somatická.
We present a case report of a 51-year-old patient who underwent totalization of thyroidectomy – resection of the right thyroid lobe for growth progression of the largest nodule from which a fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) was performed and was cytologically suspected of malignancy. Nodule was a graywhite colored tumor with a solid structure, histologically with an unusual morphology and immunoprofile, called cribriform morular thyroid carcinoma (CMTC). Usually, the tumor behaves indolently with a good prognosis. CMTC can be familial or sporadic, predominantly as a solitary or a multifocal lesion, often associated with autosomal dominant adenomatous polyposis syndrome (FAP), so it is necessary to point this out in the report. The syndrome of familial adenomatous polyposis was ruled out, the APC gene mutation was somatic.
- Klíčová slova
- kribriformně-morulární tyreoidální karcinom,
- MeSH
- diferenciální diagnóza MeSH
- familiární adenomatózní polypóza MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- papilární karcinom štítné žlázy * chirurgie diagnóza genetika MeSH
- štítná žláza anatomie a histologie chirurgie patologie MeSH
- tyreoidektomie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kazuistiky MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Klíčová slova
- folikulární karcinom, nízce diferencovaný karcinom štítné žlázy,
- MeSH
- adenom diagnóza klasifikace patologie MeSH
- diferenciální diagnóza MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- medulární karcinom diagnóza patologie MeSH
- nádory štítné žlázy * diagnóza klasifikace patologie MeSH
- papilární karcinom štítné žlázy diagnóza klasifikace patologie MeSH
- vzácné nemoci diagnóza klasifikace patologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
- Klíčová slova
- folikulární karcinom,
- MeSH
- anaplastický karcinom štítné žlázy diagnóza patofyziologie MeSH
- genetické testování MeSH
- kalcitonin analýza MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- medulární karcinom diagnóza krev patofyziologie MeSH
- nádory štítné žlázy * diagnóza epidemiologie klasifikace patofyziologie patologie MeSH
- papilární karcinom štítné žlázy diagnóza epidemiologie patofyziologie patologie MeSH
- stupeň nádoru MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH