Microbial bioremediation of heavy metal-contaminated soil is a potential technique to reduce heavy metals in crop plants. However, the dynamics and roles of the local microbiota in bioremediation of heavy metal-contaminated soil following microbial application are rarely reported. In this study, we used Pseudomonas chenduensis strain MBR for bioremediation of Cd-contaminated paddy soil and investigated its effects on the dynamics of the local soil bacterial community and Cd accumulation in rice. Cd accumulation in rice grains and roots were significantly reduced by the addition of the strain MBR. The addition of the strain MBR caused greater changes in bacterial communities in rhizosphere soil than in bulk soil. MBR enhanced the roles of microbial communities in transformation of Cd fractions, especially in rhizosphere soil. The strain MBR likely regulated abundant subcommunities more than rare subcommunities to improve Cd bioremediation, especially in rhizosphere soil. Consequently, the dynamics and functional roles of the local microbial communities differed significantly during bioremediation between abundant and rare subcommunities and between rhizosphere soil and bulk soil. This study provides new insight into the microbiota-related mechanisms underlying bioremediation.
Global obesity rates are of epidemic proportion. With limited treatments available there is a large demand for therapeutic alternatives. Polyphenols derived from coloured rice varieties may serve as a potential functional food alternative in combating obesity and obesity-related diseases. The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of polyphenols found in coloured rice varieties could have the ability to neutralize oxidative stress and modulate inflammatory responses in obese populations. This review discusses polyphenols derived from rice, the oxidative stress and inflammatory pathways involved in obesity pathogenesis, bioavailability of polyphenols and the therapeutic potential of polyphenols on transcriptional and molecular pathways related to obesity and obesity-related diseases.
- MeSH
- antioxidancia metabolismus MeSH
- LDL-cholesterol účinky léků MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- obezita farmakoterapie metabolismus patofyziologie MeSH
- oxidační stres účinky léků MeSH
- polyfenoly farmakologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- reaktivní formy kyslíku metabolismus MeSH
- rostlinné extrakty MeSH
- rýže (rod) chemie MeSH
- tukové buňky metabolismus účinky léků MeSH
- zánět metabolismus patofyziologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
A slurry sampling procedure for arsenic speciation analysis in baby food by arsane generation, cryogenic trapping and detection with atomic absorption spectrometry is presented. Several procedures were tested for slurry preparation, including different reagents (HNO3, HCl and tetramethylammonium hydroxide - TMAH) and their concentrations, water bath heating and ultrasound-assisted agitation. The best results for inorganic arsenic (iAs) and dimethylarsinate (DMA) were reached when using 3molL-1 HCl under heating and ultrasound-assisted agitation. The developed method was applied for the analysis of five porridge powder and six baby meal samples. The trueness of the method was checked with a certified reference material (CRM) of total arsenic (tAs), iAs and DMA in rice (ERM-BC211). Arsenic recoveries (mass balance) for all samples and CRM were performed by the determination of the tAs by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) after microwave-assisted digestion and its comparison against the sum of the results from the speciation analysis. The relative limits of detection were 0.44, 0.24 and 0.16µgkg-1 for iAs, methylarsonate and DMA, respectively. The concentrations of the most toxic arsenic species (iAs) in the analyzed baby food samples ranged between 4.2 and 99µgkg-1 which were below the limits of 300, 200 and 100µgkg-1 set by the Brazilian, Chinese and European legislation, respectively.
- MeSH
- analýza potravin přístrojové vybavení metody MeSH
- arsen analýza MeSH
- arsenikové přípravky analýza MeSH
- design vybavení MeSH
- kojenec MeSH
- kontaminace potravin analýza MeSH
- kyselina kakodylová analýza MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mikrovlny MeSH
- novorozenec MeSH
- potrava pro kojence analýza MeSH
- rýže (rod) chemie MeSH
- spektrofotometrie atomová přístrojové vybavení metody MeSH
- vibrace ultrazvukové přístrojové vybavení metody MeSH
- Check Tag
- kojenec MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- novorozenec MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Inorganic arsenic intake is likely to affect long-term health. High concentrations are found in some rice-based foods and drinks widely used in infants and young children. In order to reduce exposure, we recommend avoidance of rice drinks for infants and young children. For all of the rice products, strict regulation should be enforced regarding arsenic content. Moreover, infants and young children should consume a balanced diet including a variety of grains as carbohydrate sources. Although rice protein-based infant formulas are an option for infants with cows' milk protein allergy, the inorganic arsenic content should be declared and the potential risks should be considered when using these products.
- MeSH
- arsen analýza toxicita MeSH
- chemické látky znečišťující vodu analýza toxicita MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- karcinogeny životního prostředí analýza toxicita MeSH
- kojenec MeSH
- kontaminace potravin * MeSH
- látky znečišťující půdu analýza toxicita MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- označování potravin MeSH
- podpora zdraví MeSH
- rýže (rod) chemie růst a vývoj MeSH
- semena rostlinná chemie růst a vývoj MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- kojenec MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Similarity among food allergens is a great problem affecting the specificity of diagnosis and treatment of allergic patients. We have observed that 80% of patients with food (including wheat) and pollen allergies have increased IgE antibodies against rice proteins. By immunoblotting, we documented that boiling decreased solubility and IgE reactivity of PBS-extracted rice and wheat proteins, yet in SDS extracts this reactivity was only slightly changed. The sera of patients highly positive on the IgE immunoblot and positive in basophil activation and skin prick test with boiled rice components were used for characterizing the IgE-binding proteins separated by 1D or 2D electrophoresis. Using mass spectrometry, we identified 22 rice SDS soluble proteins. Six of them were new thermostable potential rice allergens: glutelin C precursor, granule-bound starch synthase 1 protein, disulfide isomerase-like 1-1 protein, hypothetical protein OsI_13867, putative acid phosphatase precursor 1, and a protein encoded by locus Os02g0453600. All of the identified rice proteins differed from known wheat allergens, except proteins belonging to the α-amylase/trypsin inhibitor family. Furthermore, we would suggest that in patients with high IgE reactivity to wheat and rice components, the IgE immunoblot and skin prick test with boiled rice proteins could be beneficial before diet recommendation.
- MeSH
- bazofily imunologie MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- hmotnostní spektrometrie MeSH
- imunoblotting MeSH
- imunoglobulin E imunologie MeSH
- kožní testy MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- potravinová alergie diagnóza imunologie MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- pšenice chemie imunologie MeSH
- rostlinné proteiny chemie imunologie MeSH
- rýže (rod) chemie imunologie MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Although the proteome of each organism is unambiguously coded in its genome, the proteome shows the real biology in action in each particular organism. New powerful tools are being developed for biochemists and biologists to analyze complex biological samples for studying the complete protein supplement of the genome, i. e., the proteome. There are several methods available for proteome analysis including 2-DE and several forms of MS. In recent years, technologies such as microfluidics and array-based systems have appeared in the field of analysis, identification, and quantification of proteins. These novel approaches might help in solving current technical challenges in proteomics. This paper presents a practical application of the first commercially available microfluidic nano-ESI device coupled with nano-LC (i. e., HPLC-chip) for the analysis of samples of some biological protein mixtures.
- MeSH
- chromatografie kapalinová metody přístrojové vybavení MeSH
- čočka chemie MeSH
- financování organizované MeSH
- hmotnostní spektrometrie metody přístrojové vybavení MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mikrofluidní analytické techniky MeSH
- molekulární sekvence - údaje MeSH
- proteiny analýza genetika MeSH
- rýže (rod) chemie MeSH
- semena rostlinná chemie MeSH
- testování materiálů MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- hodnotící studie MeSH
