Cílem studie bylo zjistit teplotní odezvu rukou na práci na počítači v reálném pracovním prostředí. Také analyzovat vztahy mezi touto odezvou a věkem, pohlavím a subjektivními zdravotními problémy subjektů. To vše odděleně pro pravou, levou i obě ruce dohromady. Teplota byla měřena termokamerou FLIR P660. Měření proběhlo na 26 osobách (věk: 34,4 SD = 10.9 let, 21 žen, 5 mužů). Po měření teplotní odezvy v průběhu pracovní směny byly z naměřených teplot určeny ukazatele popisující dynamiku těchto změn, jako maximální teplota za celou směnu (max), minimální (min), průměrná změna teplot mezi jednotlivými měřeními (průměr dif.) a jiné. I přes rozdílné zapojení pravé a levé ruky a přes rozdílnost pohlaví nebyly mezi jejich odezvou pozorovány statisticky významné rozdíly. Jisté statisticky významné rozdíly (p = 0,039) byly naměřeny při porovnání skupiny subjektů pracujících a nepracujících na osobním počítači. Statisticky významné rozdíly (p = 0,041) a rozdíly s tendencí ke statistické významnosti byly u některých ukazatelů nalezeny mezi subjekty se zdravotními obtížemi připisovanými zaměstnání a skupinou bez obtíží. Porovnání měřených ukazatelů u skupin rozdělených podle věku přineslo pouze nevýraznou tendenci ke statistické významnosti (p = 0,082) u jediného ukazatele. Ukazatele s tendencí ke korelaci byly nalezeny v závislosti na věku měřené osoby (p = 0,058). Vzhledem k malému počtu měřených osob může být interpretace výsledků složitá. Doporučujeme proto další výzkum v této oblasti. Ten by mohl vést ke změnám diagnostiky onemocnění rukou při práci nebo k zavedení efektivnějších pracovně-hygienických standardů.
The aim of the study was to determine the temperature response of hands to work on a computer in a real work environment. To analyse the relationships between this response and age, gender, and subjective health problems of measured subjects. All this separately for the right, left and both hands together. The temperature was measured with a FLIR P660 thermal camera. The measurement was performed on 26 persons (age: 34.4 years SD = 10.9 years, 21 women, 5 men). After measuring the temperature response during the work shift, indicators describing the dynamics of these changes were determined from the measured temperatures, such as maximum temperature for the whole shift (max), minimum (min), average temperature change between individual measurements (prumer dif) and others. Despite the different involvement of the right and left hands and the difference in gender, no statistically significant differences were observed between their responses. Certain statistically significant (p = 0.039) differences were measured when comparing the group of subjects working and not working on a personal computer. Statistically significant differences and differences with a tendency to statistical significance (p = 0.041) were found for some indicators between subjects with health difficulties attributed to employment and the group without difficulties. The comparison of measured indicators in the groups divided by age showed only a slight tendency to statistical significance (p = 0.082) for a single indicator. Indicators with a tendency to correlate were found depending on the age of the measured person (p = 0.058). Due to the small number of measured people, the interpretation of the results can be difficult. Therefore, we recommend further research in this area. This could lead to changes in the diagnosis of hand diseases at work or to the introduction of more effective occupational hygiene standards.
- Klíčová slova
- práce na počítači, teplota rukou,
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- klinická studie jako téma MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- počítače MeSH
- práce * MeSH
- ruka fyziologie MeSH
- teplota MeSH
- termografie * MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
Seventh edition xiii, 367stran, 2 nečíslované listy obrazové přílohy : ilustrace ; 28 cm
The seventh edition of this volume deals with the upper limb and has been expanded with the inclusion of new diagrams and topics. This book is intended for medical and physical therapy students; and for practising physicians and surgeons wishing to increase their knowledge of the functional anatomy of the locomotor system. Nakladatelská anotace. Kráceno.
Introduction: Unlike other imaging modalities thermography is absolutely non-invasive and suitable to assess functional changes. However, in some fields, a methodology for its use has not even been set yet. This work compares three different methods to study the dynamics of skin temperature changes in hands during computer work. Methods: A total of 306 measurements of 20 office employees and 6 non-office employees was performed with a thermographic camera during a work shift. The thermo-grams were subsequently evaluated and three methodologies - regions of interest, two of them newly proposed H2 and H5 – were compared mathematically. In addition, two other methods were compa-red without mathematical confirmation. Results: The results shown the same tendencies of thermal changes comparing our methodologies with the methodology used earlier in more than 80% (88 % in case of the first method, named H2 method and 85 % in case of the second one, named H5). However, in comparison to an older procedure, our procedures have shown higher sensitivity to temperature changes in more than 60% of cases (61 % in case of H2 and 68 % in case of H5). We measured a variation range difference of 1.6 °C, and, with the H5 method, the whole 2.1 °C compared to the method used earlier. Conclusion: This work has determined a new procedure for measuring of dynamics of hands temperature changes, which is not only easier and faster to perform and evaluate, but it is also more capable of detecting temperature changes on hands.
- Klíčová slova
- práce s počítačem,
- MeSH
- algoritmy MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- počítače MeSH
- práce fyziologie MeSH
- ruka * fyziologie MeSH
- teplota kůže fyziologie MeSH
- termografie * metody přístrojové vybavení statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
OBJECTIVE: To determine a minimum number of trials that preserve input-output (I-O) properties of duration and magnitude of exteroceptive EMG suppression (eEMGs). PATIENTS AND METHODS: eEMGs was recorded in 16 healthy subjects from thenar muscles following index finger stimulation at 2.5, 5, 10, and 20 times sensory threshold (xST). Individual trials were rectified and incrementally averaged in blocks of 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60. To determine if the block size affects I-O properties, the goodness of curve fit parameter R2 for each block was compared to R2 of the global function across all blocks combined. RESULTS: eEMGs was found in all subjects at 10xST and 20xST (100%, respectively) but less often at 5xST (63-75%) and 2.5xST (25-56%). A quadratic function best described both duration and magnitude of eEMGs. The quadratic R2 did not significantly differ between any individual block function (5-60) and the global function (eEMGs duration 0.647-0.704 vs 0.679; magnitude 0.525-0.602 vs 0.560, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Averaging 5 trials consistently shows eEMGs at and above 10xST. I-O properties of eEMGs do not differ whether 5 or up to 60 trials are averaged. Clinical studies of eEMGs in thenar muscles are possible with as few as 5 trials averaged.
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- elektromyografie metody MeSH
- kosterní svaly fyziologie MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mícha fyziologie MeSH
- reflex fyziologie MeSH
- ruka fyziologie MeSH
- senzorické prahy fyziologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Klíčová slova
- PANAT terapie, vzduchové dlahy, SunBall,
- MeSH
- ergoterapie * metody MeSH
- horní končetina MeSH
- kvadruplegie * patofyziologie rehabilitace MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- neurorehabilitace metody MeSH
- ortopedické fixační pomůcky MeSH
- poranění míchy * MeSH
- ruka fyziologie patofyziologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- MeSH
- fyzioterapie (techniky) MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- ruka * fyziologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess the contribution of using keystroke dynamics (KD) in combination with integrated electromyography (iEMG) for the objective evaluation of local muscular load of hands and forearms while typing on a computer keyboard and to compare it with results of the commonly used method. METHOD: Study was performed on 12 subjects. Data were collected using our own application for capturing KD data and using EMG Holter for detecting electromyographic potentials to determine local muscular load. RESULTS: The results of our study revealed that currently used methods for assessment of the workload while typing on a computer keyboard are not entirely accurate. In particular, the real total number of keystrokes performed during processing of a text is significantly higher than the count of characters the text is consisting of. In addition to this count, also the so-called invisible keys, keyboard shortcuts, and especially corrections in the typed text must be taken into consideration. CONCLUSIONS: The results indicated that all probands in our study exceeded the valid hygienic limits for the total amount of the small repetitive movements of the hands and forearms and the total amount of the keyboard typing movements. Most of the probands in our study also exceeded the valid hygienic limit for the highest average time-weighted value of the percent maximum voluntary contraction (%MVC). This implies that the keystroke dynamics method has a great potential to increase the accuracy of evaluation of local muscular load when using the keyboard and thus to improve the existing methodology for investigation of occupational diseases resulting from overload while working on the computer.
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- elektromyografie metody MeSH
- ergonomie metody MeSH
- kosterní svaly fyziologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- počítače MeSH
- předloktí fyziologie MeSH
- reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
- ruka fyziologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Comparison between the intended and performed motor action can be expected to occur in the final epoch of a voluntary movement. In search for electrophysiological correlates of this mental process the purpose of the current study was to identify intracerebral sites activated in final epoch of self-paced voluntary movement. Intracerebral EEG was recorded from 235 brain regions of 42 epileptic patients who performed self-paced voluntary movement task. Evoked potentials starting at 0 to 243ms after the peak of averaged, rectified electromyogram were identified in 21 regions of 13 subjects. The mean amplitude value of these late movement potentials (LMP) was 56.4±27.5μV. LMPs were observed in remote regions of mesiotemporal structures, cingulate, frontal, temporal, parietal, and occipital cortices. Closely before the LMP onset, a significant increase of phase synchronization was observed in all EEG record pairs in 9 of 10 examined subjects; p<0.001, Mann-Whitney U test. In conclusion, mesiotemporal structures, cingulate, frontal, temporal, parietal, and occipital cortices seem to represent integral functionally linked parts of network activated in final epoch of self-paced voluntary movement. Activation of this large-scale neuronal network was suggested to reflect a comparison process between the intended and actually performed motor action. Our results contribute to better understanding of neural mechanisms underlying goal-directed behavior crucial for creation of agentive experience.
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- elektroencefalografická fázová synchronizace fyziologie MeSH
- elektrokortikografie metody MeSH
- epilepsie chirurgie MeSH
- evokované potenciály fyziologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- pohybová aktivita fyziologie MeSH
- ruka fyziologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- poranění ruky * chirurgie rehabilitace MeSH
- ruka fyziologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
