JavaScript NENÍ povolen !

The aim of this study was to evaluate the oral health and diet of a Medieval Muslim sample from Granada in southern Spain (11th – 15th centuries), in which the sex and age of the remains had been established. Carious lesions, linear enamel hypoplasia, dental calculus and tooth wear were the pathologies examined in this paper. A total of 961 permanent teeth and 1009 alveoli belonging to sixty individuals (32 males and 28 females) were observed. Adult males exhibited significantly higher prevalence of tooth wear, while females exhibited higher prevalence of caries and dental calculus. The highest frequency of linear enamel hypoplasia was determined in juvenile individuals. Additionally, a peak age at stress of 2.5 to 3 years was recorded in the sample. This paper showed that frequency and distribution of dental pathologies in the Medieval population of Granada is very similar to that other agricultural European populations of the same socio-economic status during the same historic period. The level of caries and dental calculus could be associated with a carbohydrate-rich diet with only occasional consumption of meat. Furthermore, significant differences between adult men and women in the sample studied suggest different nutritional patterns during adulthood with females consuming food mostly based on carbohydrates in comparison to males.

MeSH
dějiny středověku * MeSH
epidemiologické faktory MeSH
epidemiologické studie MeSH
hypoplazie zubní skloviny epidemiologie etiologie MeSH
islám MeSH
lidé MeSH
nemoci zubů * epidemiologie etiologie klasifikace MeSH
opotřebení zubů epidemiologie etiologie MeSH
statistika jako téma MeSH
stravovací zvyklosti MeSH
věkové faktory MeSH
zubní kámen epidemiologie etiologie MeSH
zubní kaz epidemiologie MeSH
zubní sklovina patologie MeSH
zuby patologie MeSH
Check Tag
dějiny středověku * MeSH
lidé MeSH
mužské pohlaví MeSH
ženské pohlaví MeSH
Publikační typ
historické články MeSH
Geografické názvy
Španělsko MeSH

Kapitola

Stomatologie

Předčasně narozené dítě. 2020 ; () : 315-323.

ISBN 978-80-271-1745-1
Medvik
Zdroj

Klíčová slova
diskolorace,
MeSH
herpes simplex MeSH
lidé MeSH
nemoci úst diagnóza etiologie MeSH
nemoci zubů etiologie klasifikace prevence a kontrola MeSH
novorozenec nedonošený MeSH
novorozenec * MeSH
prořezávání zubů MeSH
rizikové faktory MeSH
stomatologické nemoci * etiologie klasifikace patologie prevence a kontrola MeSH
ústní sliznice patologie MeSH
zubní kaz prevence a kontrola MeSH
zubní sklovina patologie MeSH
zuby růst a vývoj MeSH
Check Tag
lidé MeSH
novorozenec * MeSH
Publikační typ
přehledy MeSH

Článek

Human dental buccal microwear and paleodiet reconstruction

Alrousan, Mohammad
Autor Alrousan, Mohammad Department of Anthropology-Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan

Anthropologie. 2016 ; 54 (3) : 305-315.

ISSN 0323-1119
Medvik
Zdroj

Researches on the pattern of buccal dental microwear (striations) in a relation to diet and dietary habits have been solidified after the year 1980. The density of striations, orientation, and length are discriminate variables in reconstructing paleodiet. Populations who depended, more on meat consumption tended to have a lower density of striations with a higher percentage of vertical striations. On the other hand, individuals who depended on more plant consumption tended to have higher density of striations with more horizontal ones. In contrast to occlusal dental microwear, buccal microwear is practically a proxy for the lifetime diet of an individual without any effect of nonmasticatory factors, and thus can be used to construct diet, dietary behavior, climatic fluctuations, and maybe to estimate the age at death and sex. By comparing buccal dental microwear to the other techniques used in reconstructing paleodiet, the technique is reliable and shows a great potential in dietary reconstructions.

Článek

Nutritional Implications in 19th Century Portugal: A LEH Study

Hale, Amanda R
Autor Hale, Amanda R North Carolina State University Department of Biological Sciences 127 David Clark Labs Campus Box 7167, Raleigh, NC 27695-7167, US

Anthropologie. 2016 ; 54 (2) : 161-174.

ISSN 0323-1119
Medvik
Zdroj

Linear enamel hypoplasia (LEH) has been frequently used to infer general health conditions in past populations. This study documents LEH presence to infer and compare the quality of life between temporally similar rural and urban populations from late 19th – early 20th century Portugal. Data were collected from the Coimbra identified collection and the new Lisbon collection. Prevalence of LEH was documented by counting the frequency of LEH in each tooth class. Measurements of each hypoplasia were taken to calculate the percentage of enamel affected as a total hypoplastic area variable for each tooth. The frequency comparison for central incisors (p-value = 0.001) suggests there is a significant difference between the groups. The sample comparison using total hypoplastic area (p-value = <0.0001) also indicates there is a significant difference between the two populations. For both frequency and hypoplastic area methods, there were no significant sex differences found within and between each sample. However, age differences were detected for the central incisor and canine in both groups. MANCOVA was used to assess the differences in both methods used and found significant population differences between Lisbon and Coimbra (Wilk’s Lambda = 0.0047, 0.0023), respectively. These results support previous studies that the total hypoplastic area method may not be a more sensitive parameter than frequency alone. Concomitantly, a bias was found in the distribution of LEH within each tooth that may indicate the width differences may be due to the developmental nature of the enamel matrix and not indicative of the distribution of stress episodes. The results of this study illustrate the need to detect more sensitive parameters employed in future LEH studies.

MeSH
antropometrie přístrojové vybavení MeSH
dějiny 19. století MeSH
epidemiologické studie MeSH
hypoplazie zubní skloviny * dějiny epidemiologie MeSH
kvalita života MeSH
lidé MeSH
pohlavní dimorfismus MeSH
statistika jako téma MeSH
tělesné pozůstatky MeSH
věkové faktory MeSH
zubní sklovina patologie MeSH
Check Tag
dějiny 19. století MeSH
lidé MeSH
mužské pohlaví MeSH
ženské pohlaví MeSH
Publikační typ
historické články MeSH
Geografické názvy
Portugalsko MeSH

Článek

Inhibition of Notch Signaling During Mouse Incisor Renewal Leads to Enamel Defects

Journal of bone and mineral research. 2016 ; 31 (1) : 152-62. [pub] 20150806

J Bone Miner Res
ISSN 1523-4681
Medvik
Zdroj

The continuously growing rodent incisor is an emerging model for the study of renewal of mineralized tissues by adult stem cells. Although the Bmp, Fgf, Shh, and Wnt pathways have been studied in this organ previously, relatively little is known about the role of Notch signaling during incisor renewal. Notch signaling components are expressed in enamel-forming ameloblasts and the underlying stratum intermedium (SI), which suggested distinct roles in incisor renewal and enamel mineralization. Here, we injected adult mice with inhibitory antibodies against several components of the Notch pathway. This blockade led to defects in the interaction between ameloblasts and the SI cells, which ultimately affected enamel formation. Furthermore, Notch signaling inhibition led to the downregulation of desmosome-specific proteins such as PERP and desmoplakin, consistent with the importance of desmosomes in the integrity of ameloblast-SI attachment and enamel formation. Together, our data demonstrate that Notch signaling is critical for proper enamel formation during incisor renewal, in part by regulating desmosome-specific components, and that the mouse incisor provides a model system to dissect Jag-Notch signaling mechanisms in the context of mineralized tissue renewal.