- MeSH
- Models, Genetic MeSH
- Models, Neurological MeSH
- Schizophrenia etiology physiopathology MeSH
- Models, Theoretical MeSH
- Publication type
- Review MeSH
- MeSH
- Quality of Life MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Surveys and Questionnaires MeSH
- Sickness Impact Profile MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
Ošetrovateľské modely poskytujú koncepčné východiská pre objasnenie vybraných komponentov ľudského správania z určitej špecifi ckej fi lozofi ckej perspektívy. Cieľom tejto štúdie bolo priblížiť vybrané premenné (environmentálne stimuly, kontrolný kognitívny subsystém, adaptačné módy) klasifi kované a testované podľa Royovej adaptačného modelu (RAM). Na skúmanie úspešnosti a aplikovateľnosti RAM v ošetrovateľskom výskume a v praxi bol zvolený analyticko-syntetický prístup. Základom pre analýzu a syntézu boli primárne výskumné štúdie založené na RAM, prehľadové štúdie a metaanalýzy. Klasifi kácia vstupných stimulov bola v niektorých štúdiách jasná, v iných štúdiách ich klasifi kácia nebola presne vymedzená. Ako kontrolný mechanizmus bol zvyčajne sledovaný kognitívny subsystém reprezentovaný kognitívno-emocionálnymi stratégiami zvládania životných udalostí. Fyziologická adaptácia bola zvyčajne jednoznačne defi novaná a meraná ako biologická odpoveď. V teoretickom vymedzení a meraní adaptačných módov sebakoncepcie, plnenia rolí alebo vzájomnej závislosti boli identifi kované rozdiely. V niektorých štúdiách bola jasne defi novaná príslušnosť sledovanej premennej k uvedeným módom RAM, v niektorých ale boli uvedené módy testované spoločne ako oblasť psychosociálnej adaptácie.
Nursing models provide conceptual frameworks for clarifying human behaviour components from a specifi c philosophical perspective. Th e aim of this study was to describe variables (environmental stimuli, a control cognator subsystem, adaptation modes) which have been classifi ed and tested in accordance with Roy's adaptation model (RAM). Th e analysis and synthesis processes were used in order to explore the usefulness and serviceability of RAM in nursing research and practise. Th e primary research studies based on RAM, study overviews and meta-analysis were used for analysis and synthesis. Th e classifi cation of input stimuli was clear in certain studies, while further studies have not been precisely defi ned in their classifi cation. Th e cognator subsystem has usually been studied as a control mechanism represented by the cognitive-emotional coping strategies of life events. Th e physiological adaptation was usually clearly defi ned and measured as a biological response. Diff erences have been identifi ed in the theoretical defi nition and the measurement of adaptive modes of self-concept, role function and interdependence. In certain studies, the relevance of the watched variable in relation to the respective RAM mode was clearly defi ned, but in a number of studies the modes were tested together as a fi eld of psychosocial adaptation.
Východiská: Koncepčné modely poskytujú ošetrovateľstvu teoretickú základňu, autonómiu a jedinečnosť v rámci vedného odboru. Royovej adaptačný model sa javí ako jeden z vhodných koncepčných rámcov uplatniteľných v mnohých oblastiach ošetrovateľskej praxe, výskumu a vzdelávania. Cieľ: Cieľom štúdie je zmapovať využitie Royovej adaptačného modelu v súčasnom ošetrovateľstve. Metódy: Prehľadová práca - obsahová analýza zahraničných štúdií publikovaných v rámci vedeckých databáz SCOPUS a PubMed. Výsledky a diskusia: Do štúdie bolo zahrnutých 10 relevantných vedeckých prác publikovaných v rokoch 2013-2019. Práce prezentujú vhodnosť a efektívnosť aplikácie Royovej modelu v oblasti ošetrovateľstva vo vnútorných odboroch (kardiológia, onkológia, neurológia, pneumológia, diabetológia), psychiatrickom ošetrovateľstve a vojnovej medicíne. Závery: Royovej adaptačný model je flexibilným a široko uplatniteľným rámcom, ktorý má potenciál pozitívne ovplyvniť starostlivosť o pacienta a prispieť k autonómií ošetrovateľskej praxe. Analýza jednotlivých štúdii priniesla pohľad na jeho využitie v rámci starostlivosti o chronicky i akútne chorých pacientov. V našich podmienkach odporúčame vykonať štúdie, ktoré budú zamerané na jeho aplikáciu do ošetrovateľskej praxe s využitím metódy ošetrovateľského procesu a ošetrovateľských diagnóz.
Introduction: Conceptual models provide nursing with a theoretical basis, autonomy and uniqueness within the discipline. Roy's adaptive model appears to be one of the appropriate conceptual frameworks applicable to many areas of nursing practice, research, and education. Aim: The aim of this study is to map the application of Roy's adaptation model in contemporary nursing. Methods: Review paper - content analysis of international studies published in the scientific databases SCOPUS and PubMed.Results and Discussion: 10 relevant scientific papers published between 2013 and 2019 were included in the study. The papers present the appropriateness and effectiveness of the application of Roy's model in nursing in internal medicine (cardiology, oncology, neurology, pneumology, diabetology), psychiatric nursing and war medicine. Conclusions: Roy's adaptive model is a flexible and widely applicable framework that has the potential to positively impact patient care and contribute to autonomy in nursing practice. Analysis of individual studies provided insights into its use within the care of chronically and acutely ill patients. In our setting, we recommend that studies be conducted that focus on its application to nursing practice using the nursing process method and nursing diagnoses.
- Keywords
- adaptační model Royové,
- MeSH
- Clinical Studies as Topic MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Models, Nursing * MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
Výzkumné šetření bylo zaměřeno na možnosti využití koncepčních modelů kulturních kompetencí v ošetřovatelství. Výzkum byl koncipován jako přehledová studie a byl proveden na základě obsahové analýzy studií publikovaných v rámci vědeckých databází EBSCOhost, Pubmed a Scopus prostřednictvím klíčových slov kulturní kompetence, model a ošetřovatelství. Studie poukazují na velký vliv globalizace jakožto spontánního neřízeného procesu integrace zemí světa v jediném systému a následnou nutnost vzniku kulturních kompetencí. Nejčastěji zastoupené kulturní kompetence představují znalosti, dovednosti, postoje, schopnost reagovat laskavě a efektivně na osoby všech kultur, uznání, respekt a odpovědnost, poskytování kvalifikované péče a dlouhodobý proces sebevzdělávání. Mezi koncepční modely, které jsou předkládané v tomto rukopisu a jsou charakteristické kulturními kompetencemi, patří velká ošetřovatelská teorie od Madeleine Leininger, model Ireny Papadopoulus, Mary Tilki a Giny Taylor pro rozvíjení kulturní kompetence, model rozvíjení kulturní způsobilosti Josephy Campinhy-Bacote a model kulturních kompetencí od Larryho D. Purnella. Výsledky bylo zjištěno, že jsou kulturní kompetence v souvislosti s transkulturním ošetřovatelstvím významnou složkou moderní ošetřovatelské profese. Na základě analýzy publikovaných prací bylo totiž zjištěno, že jsou předkládané modely na poli ošetřovatelství nepostradatelné.
The study focuses on the potential use of conceptual models of cultural competences in the nursing profession. The research was designed as a summary study and based on content analysis of studies published within the scientific databases EBSCOhost, PubMed and Scopus, by using the key words: cultural competence, model and nursing. The study points out the influence of globalization as a spontaneous uncontrolled process of integration of countries around the world in a single system, and the subsequent need for cultural competence. The most frequently cited cultural competences are knowledge, skills, attitudes, the ability to react in a kind and efficient manner to people from all cultures, recognition, respect and responsibility, provision of qualified care and the long-term process of self-education. The conceptual models presented in this article and characterized by cultural competence include the Great Theory of Nursing by Madeleine Leininger, the model of Irena Papadopoulus, Mary Tilki and Gina Taylor of the development of cultural competence, the model of development of cultural competence by Josepha Campinha-Bacote, and the model of cultural competences by Larry D. Purnell. The results showed that cultural competence constitutes an indispensable component of the modern nursing profession in connection with transcultural nursing. The analysis of the published works pointed out that the above stated models are essential for the field of nursing.
- MeSH
- Cultural Competency * MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Models, Nursing * MeSH
- Nursing MeSH
- Transcultural Nursing MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
- Review MeSH
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this qualitative study is to develop a conceptual model for the school life of the children with epilepsy based on grounded theory methodological framework. METHODOLOGY: A total of 20 children with epilepsy participated in the semi-structured interviews. Inclusion criteria were age of 8-15 years, IQ higher than 70, duration of epilepsy of at least of two years and attendance of mainstream schools. 15 children had never seizure in school and 16 of them have not had a seizure in last 12 months. Qualitative research data was processed based on grounded theory with open coding leading consecutively to several main categories, axial coding establishing connections between individual categories, and finally selective coding resulting in one central category which was the core of the developed conceptual model. RESULTS: Eight main categories were identified during open coding: type of epilepsy and its management, sources of stress at school, adaptive responses to stressors, safe school environment in relation to (a) epilepsy and (b) learning, family support, stability of experience and behavior, and positive self-concept. Axial and selective coding resulted in establishment of Adaptive responses to stressors as the central category which is in the developed conceptual model determined by relevant external and internal factors as well as the sources enabling effective adaptation. CONCLUSIONS: The presented research emphasize the importance of adaptive responses to stressors in the school environment among children with epilepsy which may be useful in counselling focused on how to avoid or successfully manage possible traumatizing experience related with epilepsy in this group.
- MeSH
- Adaptation, Psychological physiology MeSH
- Child MeSH
- Epilepsy * psychology epidemiology MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Adolescent MeSH
- Stress, Psychological psychology MeSH
- Schools * MeSH
- Check Tag
- Child MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Adolescent MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
Background. We aimed to develop and validate a conceptual model of multiple myeloma (MM) that characterizes the attributes affecting disease progression and patient outcomes, and the relationships between them. Methods. Systematic and targeted literature reviews identified disease- and patient-specific attributes of MM that affect disease progression and outcomes. These attributes were validated by a Delphi panel of four international MM experts, and a physician-validated model was constructed. Real-world clinical data from the Czech Registry of Monoclonal Gammopathies (RMG) was used to confirm the relationships between attributes using pairwise correlations and multiple Cox regression analysis. Results. The Delphi panel reached consensus that most cytogenetic abnormalities influenced disease activity, which results in symptoms and complications and affects overall survival (OS). Comorbidities and complications also affect OS. The entire panel agreed that quality of life was influenced by comorbidities, age, complications, and symptoms. Consensus was not reached in some cases, in particular, the influence of del(17p) on complications. The relationships between attributes were confirmed using pairwise analysis of real-world data from the Czech RMG; most of the correlations identified were statistically significant and the strength of the correlations changed with successive relapses. Czech RMG data were also used to confirm significant predictors of OS included in the model, such as age, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status, and extramedullary disease. Conclusions. This validated conceptual model can be used for economic modeling and clinical decision making. It could also inform the development of disease-based models to explore the impact of disease progression and treatment on outcomes in patients with MM.
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
