INTRODUCTION: Initial evidence suggests that engaging with accepting communities on social media such as Instagram may inform sexual minority youths' sense of stigma and well-being. However, as existing research has predominately drawn upon cross-sectional or qualitative designs, it is currently unclear whether the positive experiences identified in previous research accumulate, endure, or evolve over time. We also know relatively little about whether engagement with accepting online communities is primarily a compensatory or enhancing behavior. Thus, drawing upon minority stress theory and broaden-and-build theory, this study explores the longitudinal reciprocal relationships between perceived stigma, well-being, and engagement with accepting Instagram communities. METHOD: Three-wave panel data were collected from 460 sexual minority youth in the United States and Poland (M age = 18.58, SD = 1.64), and data were analyzed using a random intercept cross-lagged panel model. RESULTS: At the between-person level, engagement with accepting Instagram communities was positively associated with perceived stigma and negatively associated with well-being. No significant within-person associations emerged between perceived stigma and engagement with accepting Instagram networks. However, a positive reciprocal relationship was found between well-being and engagement with accepting Instagram communities. Cultural context had no moderating effect on the hypothesized model. CONCLUSIONS: Results suggest that whilst the interrelations between perceived stigma and engaging with accepting online networks may be short-lived, engaging with supportive Instagram communities may contribute to an upward spiral of positive emotions. Findings therefore extend the existing literature regarding the potential benefits of social media use amongst sexual minority youth.

• MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Longitudinal Studies MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• Young Adult MeSH
• Sexual and Gender Minorities * psychology   MeSH
• Social Media * MeSH
• Social Stigma * MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• Young Adult MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Geographicals
• Poland MeSH
• United States MeSH

The current study investigates attitudes toward one form of sex for resources: the so-called sugar relationships, which often involve exchanges of resources for sex and/or companionship. The present study examined associations among attitudes toward sugar relationships and relevant variables (e.g., sex, sociosexuality, gender inequality, parasitic exposure) in 69,924 participants across 87 countries. Two self-report measures of Acceptance of Sugar Relationships (ASR) developed for younger companion providers (ASR-YWMS) and older resource providers (ASR-OMWS) were translated into 37 languages. We tested cross-sex and cross-linguistic construct equivalence, cross-cultural invariance in sex differences, and the importance of the hypothetical predictors of ASR. Both measures showed adequate psychometric properties in all languages (except the Persian version of ASR-YWMS). Results partially supported our hypotheses and were consistent with previous theoretical considerations and empirical evidence on human mating. For example, at the individual level, sociosexual orientation, traditional gender roles, and pathogen prevalence were significant predictors of both ASR-YWMS and ASR-OMWS. At the country level, gender inequality and parasite stress positively predicted the ASR-YWMS. However, being a woman negatively predicted the ASR-OMWS, but positively predicted the ASR-YWMS. At country-level, ingroup favoritism and parasite stress positively predicted the ASR-OMWS. Furthermore, significant cross-subregional differences were found in the openness to sugar relationships (both ASR-YWMS and ASR-OMWS scores) across subregions. Finally, significant differences were found between ASR-YWMS and ASR-OMWS when compared in each subregion. The ASR-YWMS was significantly higher than the ASR-OMWS in all subregions, except for Northern Africa and Western Asia.

• MeSH
• Sugars * MeSH
• Interpersonal Relations MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Sex Characteristics MeSH
• Attitude MeSH
• Sexual Behavior * MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH

BACKGROUND: The updated Oslo Sports Trauma Research Questionnaire on Health Problems (OSTRC-H2) has been translated into a limited set of languages and lacks full validation of its new measures. PURPOSE: To (1) translate, cross-culturally adapt, and evaluate the measurement properties of the OSTRC-H2 for the Slovenian population and (2) investigate the construct validity for the severity score and time lost due to a health problem. STUDY DESIGN: Cohort study (diagnosis); Level of evidence, 3. METHODS: The OSTRC-H2 was translated from English to Slovenian (OSTRC-H2-SLO) according to international guidelines. A 15-week study was conducted among 188 elite athletes, with a test-retest performed in the 10th week. Internal consistency, reliability, content validity, feasibility, and potential ceiling effects were investigated. Internal consistency was measured using the Cronbach alpha coefficient, while reliability was measured with the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Construct validity was measured with the Spearman rank correlation coefficient (rS). RESULTS: There was a 95% response rate and an 18% mean weekly prevalence of health problems. The OSTRC-H2-SLO showed excellent test-retest reliability (ICC, 0.94 [95% CI, 0.67-0.99]), with a Cronbach α of .93. A strong positive correlation was found between the OSTRC-H2-SLO severity score and days lost due to an acute injury (rS = 0.754), overuse injury (rS = 0.785), and illness (rS = 0.894) (P < .001 for all). Moderate to strong negative correlations were observed between severity score and total load (training and competition load in hours) as well as between days lost and total load (P < .001 for all). CONCLUSION: The OSTRC-H2-SLO was found to be valid, reliable, and well accepted among Slovenian athletes. The authors confirmed the questionnaire's construct validity and identified total load as an indicator of an increase in the severity score. REGISTRATION: NCT05471297 (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier).

• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH

PURPOSE: The Core Outcome Measures Index (COMI) is a short, multidimensional instrument translated into several languages that covers five domains recommended in the assessment of outcome in patients with low-back and neck pain. The purpose of this study was to cross-culturally adapt the COMI from English to Czech language and to test the face and construct validity and reproducibility of its results in patients with low-back and neck pain. METHODS: Participants (n = 125) were included from primary and secondary care. The participants reported moderate pain and disability levels. All participants filled in the COMI forms before and after surgery. Descriptive statistics, Wilcoxon paired test, Crombach's alpha, principal component analysis and information entropy calculation were used. RESULTS: The instrument was successfully forward and back-translated. It can be seen that the questionnaire applied as part of our intervention study produces answers with a sufficient degree of variability and with a satisfactory degree of representation of extreme values. It can be also seen that the questionnaire can diagnose an objectively occurring change associated with the surgeon within the intervention procedure. Our other findings support the idea of ​​a possible reduction in the number of questions that measure the same latent variable. Our investigations also showed that it is possible to reduce the range of the point scale of the perception of pain to 5 degrees of intensity and thus unify the range with the other questions. CONCLUSION: The Czech COMI shows acceptable properties and is thus suitable to use as a short instrument for measuring important domains in patients with low-back and neck pain.

• MeSH
• Neck Pain * diagnosis   MeSH
• Adult MeSH
• Outcome Assessment, Health Care methods   MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Low Back Pain * diagnosis   MeSH
• Pain Measurement methods   MeSH
• Disability Evaluation MeSH
• Surveys and Questionnaires standards   MeSH
• Reproducibility of Results MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Cross-Cultural Comparison * MeSH
• Check Tag
• Adult MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Geographicals
• Czech Republic MeSH

Background: Prolonged Grief Disorder (PGD) has recently been included in both the ICD-11 and DSM-5-TR diagnostic manuals. Studying its prevalence and correlates across cultures is vital for more effective identification, treatment, and prevention.Objective: This study aimed to examine prevalence rates of ICD-11-based PGD, in a representative Slovakian sample in response to deaths of loved ones occurring during the previous year. Further aims were to examine the factor structure of PGD symptoms and correlates of summed PGD item scores and PGD 'caseness'.Method: Self-reported data on PGD, depression, anxiety, alcohol use, and descriptive characteristics were gathered from a representative sample of the Slovak population (N = 319).Results: Data were gathered from N = 1853 people; 319 participants (17.2%) reported a loss in the past year. The prevalence of probable PGD among these bereaved participants was 1.99% for recent losses (<6 months, n = 151) and 7.75% for more distant losses (6-12 months, n = 130). The most frequently endorsed symptoms included longing/yearning for the deceased, sadness, denial/unrealness, and difficulty accepting the death. PGD symptoms had a unitary factor structure which was consistent for subsamples bereaved 1-5 and 6-12 months. The severity of PGD varied with kinship. Depression and anxiety, but not alcohol misuse, were associated with PGD severity and PGD caseness.Conclusions: These findings underscore that a significant group of people develop PGD between 6-12 months following a loss. This emphasises the need for targeted psychological interventions.

• MeSH
• Depression epidemiology   psychology   MeSH
• Adult MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• International Classification of Diseases MeSH
• Prevalence MeSH
• Anxiety epidemiology   psychology   MeSH
• Grief * MeSH
• Bereavement * MeSH
• Check Tag
• Adult MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Geographicals
• Slovakia MeSH

Úvod: Senioři s demencí jsou vysoce závislí na pečovatelích; jak nemoc postupuje a její závažnost se zvyšuje, vyžadují větší pomoc a dohled. Rodinní pečovatelé mají různé reakce na péči o seniory s demencí. Cílem této studie bylo prozkoumat reakce indonéských rodinných pečovatelů na péči o seniory s demencí. Metody: Pro tuto studii byl vybrán kvalitativní výzkumný design. Na základě polostrukturovaných rozhovorů byla provedena deskriptivní fenomenologická studie mezi 15 účelově vybranými rodinnými pečovateli. Výsledky: Z dat vyplynula tři hlavní témata a osm podtémat. Prvním tématem bylo vnímání demence ze strany rodinných pečovatelů. Dílčími tématy bylo, že demence je běžné onemocnění způsobené procesem stárnutí a demence je onemocnění způsobené Parkinsonovou chorobou, mrtvicí, stresem a osamělostí. Druhým tématem byl smysl péče o seniory s demencí. Dílčími tématy byly povinnost pečovat o seniory s demencí, forma filiální zbožnosti a duchovní smysl péče o seniory s demencí. Třetím tématem byl proces přijetí do role pečovatele o seniora s demencí. Dílčími tématy byly popírání, deprese a přijímání. Závěr: Každé z těchto témat má kulturní a duchovní rozměr a pečovatelé vyžadují odbornou pomoc zdravotníků, která odpovídá těmto rozměrům péče. Stejně tak je důležité identifikovat depresi u rodinných pečovatelů, aby mohly být poskytnuty vhodné intervence

Introduction: Elderly people with dementia are highly dependent on caregivers; they require more assistance and supervision as the disease progresses and its severity increases. Family caregivers have different responses to caring for elderly people with dementia. This study aimed to explore Indonesian family caregivers' responses to caring for elderly people with dementia. Methods: A qualitative research design was selected for this study. On the basis of semi-structured interviews, a descriptive phenomenological study was conducted among 15 purposively-recruited family caregivers. Results: Three main themes and eight sub-themes emerged from the data. The first theme was family caregivers' perceptions of dementia. The sub-themes were that dementia is a common disease due to the aging process, and dementia is a disease due to Parkinson's, stroke, stress, and loneliness. The second theme was the meaning of caring for elderly people with dementia. The sub-themes were that obligation to care for older people with dementia, form of filial piety and the spiritual meaning of caring for older people with dementia. The third theme was the process of acceptance in taking on the role of caregiver to an elderly person with dementia. The sub-themes were that denial, depression, and acceptance. Conclusion: Each of these themes has a cultural and spiritual dimension, and caregivers require professional assistance from health workers that accounts for these dimensions of caregiving. Likewise, it is important to identify depression in family caregivers so that suitable interventions can be provided.

• MeSH
• Dementia * nursing   MeSH
• Home Nursing MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Caregivers * psychology   MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Geographicals
• Indonesia MeSH

In vitro meat production presents a potential viable alternative for meat consumption, which could provide the consumer with a product indistinguishable from the original, with very similar nutritional and culinary values. Indeed, the alternative products currently accessible often lack comparable nutritional value or culinary attributes to their animal-derived counterparts. This creates challenges for their global acceptance, particularly in countries where meat consumption holds cultural significance. However, while cultured meat research has been progressing rapidly in recent years, some significant obstacles still need to be overcome before its possible commercialization. Hence, this review summarizes the most current knowledge regarding the history of cultured meat, the currently used cell sources and methods used for the purpose of in vitro meat production, with particular focus on the role of bioreactors, scaffolds and microcarriers in overcoming the current obstacles. The authors put the potential microcarrier and scaffold-based solutions in a context, discussing the ways in which they can impact the way forward for the technology, including the use of considering the potential practical and societal barriers to implementing it as a viable food source worldwide.

• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Review MeSH

One of the challenges in clinical translation of cell-replacement therapies is the definition of optimal cell generation and storage/recovery protocols which would permit a rapid preparation of cell-treatment products for patient administration. Besides, the availability of injection devices that are simple to use is critical for potential future dissemination of any spinally targeted cell-replacement therapy into general medical practice. Here, we compared the engraftment properties of established human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs)-derived neural precursor cell (NPCs) line once cells were harvested fresh from the cell culture or previously frozen and then grafted into striata or spinal cord of the immunodeficient rat. A newly developed human spinal injection device equipped with a spinal cord pulsation-cancelation magnetic needle was also tested for its safety in an adult immunosuppressed pig. Previously frozen NPCs showed similar post-grafting survival and differentiation profile as was seen for freshly harvested cells. Testing of human injection device showed acceptable safety with no detectable surgical procedure or spinal NPCs injection-related side effects.

• MeSH
• Cell Differentiation physiology   MeSH
• Adult MeSH
• Genetic Vectors genetics   MeSH
• Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells * physiology   transplantation   MeSH
• Rats MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Spinal Cord MeSH
• Brain MeSH
• Neural Stem Cells * physiology   transplantation   MeSH
• Specimen Handling methods   MeSH
• Tissue and Organ Harvesting methods   MeSH
• Swine MeSH
• Cellular Reprogramming * genetics   physiology   MeSH
• Graft Survival physiology   MeSH
• Injections, Spinal * adverse effects   instrumentation   methods   MeSH
• Stem Cell Transplantation * adverse effects   instrumentation   methods   MeSH
• Sendai virus MeSH
• Treatment Outcome MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Check Tag
• Adult MeSH
• Rats MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH

The Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST) is an instrument to screen substance-use-related health risks. However, little is known whether the ASSIST could be further shortened while remaining psychometrically sound across different countries, languages, gender identities, and sexual-orientation-based groups. The study aimed to validate a shortened 11-item ASSIST (ASSIST-11). Using the International Sex Survey data, 82,243 participants (M age = 32.39 years) across 42 countries and 26 languages completed questions from the ASSIST-11 regarding gender identity, sexual orientation, and other information. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and multigroup CFA (MGCFA) evaluated the ASSIST-11's structure and tested measurement invariance across groups. Cronbach's α and McDonald's ω were used to examine the internal consistency. Cohen's d and independent t-tests were used to examine known-group validity. The ASSIST-11 was unidimensional across countries, languages, age groups, gender identities (i.e., men, women, and gender-diverse individuals), and sexual orientations (i.e., heterosexual and sexual minority individuals). Cronbach's α was 0.63 and McDonald's ω was 0.68 for the ASSIST-11. Known-group validity was supported by Cohen's d (range between 0.23 and 0.40) with significant differences (p-values<0.001). The ASSIST-11 is a modified instrument with a unidimensional factor structure across different languages, age groups, countries, gender identities, and sexual orientations. The low internal consistency of the ASSIST-11 might be acceptable as it assesses a broad concept (i.e., use of several different substances). Healthcare providers and researchers may use the ASSIST-11 to quickly assess substance-use information from general populations and evaluate the need to follow up with more detailed questions about substance use.

• MeSH
• Adult MeSH
• Gender Identity MeSH
• Smoking MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Substance-Related Disorders * diagnosis   MeSH
• Surveys and Questionnaires MeSH
• Psychometrics MeSH
• Reproducibility of Results MeSH
• Cross-Cultural Comparison * MeSH
• Check Tag
• Adult MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH