The aim of this study is to evaluate opportunistic pathogenic bacteria of the genus Pseudomonas in anthropogenically impacted bathing waters, primarily focusing on bathing ponds. The findings include the detection of these bacteria, their susceptibility to selected antibiotics, and the determination of the Exotoxin A (exoA) gene using PCR method. P. aeruginosa was present in most samples, albeit in low concentrations (1-14 CFU/100 mL). The presence of P. otitidis, which is associated with ear infection, in this type of bathing water, was not rare (up to 90 CFU/100 mL). This species would not be detected by the standard methods, including tests on acetamid medium, used for P. aeruginosa in water. The isolated strains of P. otitidis lack the exoA gene and exhibited higher resistance to meropenem compared to P. aeruginosa.

• MeSH
• ADP-ribosatransferasy genetika   MeSH
• antibakteriální látky * farmakologie   MeSH
• bakteriální léková rezistence MeSH
• bakteriální proteiny genetika   MeSH
• bakteriální toxiny genetika   MeSH
• exotoxin A z Pseudomonas aeruginosa MeSH
• exotoxiny genetika   MeSH
• faktory virulence genetika   MeSH
• mikrobiální testy citlivosti * MeSH
• mikrobiologie vody * MeSH
• polymerázová řetězová reakce MeSH
• Pseudomonas * genetika   izolace a purifikace   klasifikace   účinky léků   MeSH
• rybníky * mikrobiologie   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

OBJECTIVES: Asymmetric or unilateral hearing loss (AHL) may cause irreversible changes in the processing of acoustic signals in the auditory system. We aim to provide a comprehensive view of the auditory processing abilities for subjects with acquired AHL, and to examine the influence of AHL on speech perception under difficult conditions, and on auditory temporal and intensity processing. DESIGN: We examined peripheral and central auditory functions for 25 subjects with AHL resulting from vestibular schwannoma, and compared them to those from 24 normal-hearing controls that were matched with the AHL subjects in mean age and hearing thresholds in the healthy ear. Besides the basic hearing threshold assessment, the tests comprised the detection of tones and gaps in a continuous noise, comprehension of speech in babble noise, binaural interactions, difference limen of intensity, and detection of frequency modulation. For the AHL subjects, the selected tests were performed separately for the healthy and diseased ear. RESULTS: We observed that binaural speech comprehension, gap detection, and frequency modulation detection abilities were dominated by the healthy ear and were comparable for both groups. The AHL subjects were less sensitive to interaural delays, however, they exhibited a higher sensitivity to sound level, as indicated by lower difference limen of intensity and a higher sensitivity to interaural intensity difference. Correlations between the individual test scores indicated that speech comprehension by the AHL subjects was associated with different auditory processing mechanisms than for the control subjects. CONCLUSIONS: The data suggest that AHL influences both peripheral and central auditory processing abilities and that speech comprehension under difficult conditions relies on different mechanisms for the AHL subjects than for normal-hearing controls.

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• jednostranná nedoslýchavost * patofyziologie   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• percepce řeči * fyziologie   MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• sluchová percepce fyziologie   MeSH
• sluchový práh * MeSH
• studie případů a kontrol MeSH
• vestibulární schwannom * patofyziologie   komplikace   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Background: Small airway dysfunction (SAD) is associated with impaired asthma control, but small airway physiology is not routinely assessed in clinical practice. Previously, we demonstrated impulse oscillometry (IOS)-defined small airway dysfunction (SAD) in dual responders (DRs) upon bronchoprovocation with various allergens. Aim: To compare lung physiology using spirometry and IOS following bronchoprovocation with methacholine (M) and inhaled house dust mite (HDM) extract in corticosteroid-naïve asthmatic subjects. Methods: Non-smoking, clinically stable HDM-allergic asthmatic subjects (18-55 years, FEV1 > 70% of pred.) underwent an M and inhaled HDM challenge on two separate days. Airway response was measured by IOS and spirometry, until a drop in FEV1 ≥ 20% (PC20) from post-diluent baseline (M), and up to 8 h post-allergen (HDM). Early (EAR) and late asthmatic response (LAR) to HDM were defined as ≥20% and ≥15% fall in FEV1 from post-diluent baseline during 0-3 h and 3-8 h post-challenge, respectively. IOS parameters (Rrs5, Rrs20, Rrs5-20, Xrs5, AX, Fres) were compared between mono-responders (MRs: EAR only) and dual responders (EAR + LAR). Correlations between maximal % change from baseline after the two airway challenges were calculated for both FEV1 and IOS parameters. Results: A total of 47 subjects were included (11 MRs; 36 DRs). FEV1 % predicted did not differ between MR and DR at baseline, but DR had lower median PC20M (0.84 (range 0.07-7.51) vs. MR (2.15 (0.53-11.29)); p = 0.036). During the LAR, DRs had higher IOS values than MRs. For IOS parameters (but not for FEV1), the maximal % change from baseline following M and HDM challenge were correlated. PC20M was inversely correlated with the % change in FEV1 and the % change in Xrs5 during the LAR (r= -0.443; p = 0.0018 and r= -0.389; p = 0.0075, respectively). Conclusions: During HDM-induced LAR, changes in small airway physiology can be non-invasively detected with IOS and are associated with increased airway hyperresponsiveness and changes in small airway physiology during methacholine challenge. DRs have a small airways phenotype, which reflects a more advanced airway disease.

• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

BACKGROUND/AIM: Hearing impairment affects a small but significant percentage of newborns (0.1-0.4%). Newborn hearing screening (NHS) is recommended for early detection and treatment. The implementation of NHS can vary among countries. In this study, we present the methodology, organization, and technical requirements of NHS. This study analyzed results from a tertiary hospital, identified issues, and proposed solutions. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In the studied region, there are five maternity hospitals and a perinatal intensive care center and in 2020, there were 5,864 live births. Screening is performed at three levels. The first screening is conducted on the 2nd-3rd day of a newborn's life in a maternity hospital, the first rescreening on the 3rd-6th week at a relevant ENT department, and the second rescreening on the 3rd-6th month of life at the regional screening center where the central database is also held. RESULTS: In the studied region, 5,793 out of 5,864 (98.79%) newborns received NHS in 2020. Of these, 120 (2.07%) were tested positive on their first screening. Ninety-four patients (78.3%) of those attended the ENT department for a first rescreening. Thirty-four patients (0.59% of total) were tested positive again and referred to the regional screening center. Out of the 27 patients who attended the second rescreening, four (0.07% of the total) were ultimately diagnosed with hearing impairment. CONCLUSION: Our study found that newborn hearing screening (NHS) in our region achieved a high compliance rate of 98.8% for initial screenings in 2020. However, challenges remain in the rescreening process due to data management issues, inter-regional cooperation, and public awareness. The recent implementation of mandatory screenings, updated guidelines, and a centralized database is expected to enhance the effectiveness of NHS. Further research is needed to evaluate these improvements.

• MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nedoslýchavost * diagnóza   epidemiologie   MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• novorozenecký screening * metody   MeSH
• sluchové testy * metody   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Triticale (X Triticosecale Wittmack), a wheat-rye small grain crop hybrid, combines wheat and rye attributes in one hexaploid genome. It is characterized by high adaptability to adverse environmental conditions: drought, soil acidity, salinity and heavy metal ions, poorer soil quality, and waterlogging. So that its cultivation is prospective in a changing climate. Here, we describe RGB on-ground phenotyping of field-grown eighteen triticale market-available cultivars, made in naturally changing light conditions, in two consecutive winter cereals growing seasons: 2018-2019 and 2019-2020. The number of ears was counted on top-down images with an accuracy of 95% and mean average precision (mAP) of 0.71 using advanced object detection algorithm YOLOv4, with ensemble modeling of field imaging captured in two different illumination conditions. A correlation between the number of ears and yield was achieved at the statistical importance of 0.16 for data from 2019. Results are discussed from the perspective of modern breeding and phenotyping bottleneck.

• MeSH
• jedlá semena genetika   MeSH
• prospektivní studie MeSH
• půda MeSH
• šlechtění rostlin MeSH
• triticale * MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

BACKGROUND: A malignant myoepithelioma is a rare tumor, mostly arising from the salivary glands. Myoepitheliomas of the ear have rarely been reported. The manuscript reports myoepithelial carcinoma of the external auditory canal (EAC) spreading to the infratemporal fossa. A clinician must be aware of anatomical variation of the bony EAC wall, such as the foramen of Huschke. This rare defect may be a pathway for spreading pathologies between these two anatomical regions. CASE REPORT: We present a case of osteoma-like stenosis of the EAC, which turned out to be an extremely rare malignant tumor. The preoperative MRI and PET/CT revealed that two parts of the tumor communicated through a defect in the antero-inferior portion of the bony ear canal. No distant metastases were detected. Subsequently, the tumor was resected from the ear canal and the infratemporal fossa en bloc. Perioperatively the defect in the EAC wall was suspected of the foramen of Huschke. After the surgery, the older scans of the patient from the past showed no presence of a congenital EAC wall defect. Therefore, the authors concluded that the tumor aggressively grew through the bone due to its biological nature. CONCLUSION: Malignant myoepithelioma of the external auditory canal is an extremely rare condition and could be misdiagnosed as other benign lesions. In cases of suspicious lesions, it is advisable to do a probatory biopsy from the EAC. Surgery is the treatment of choice in malignant myoepitheliomas, and regular follow-ups are essential to monitor for recurrence or metastatic disease. Any mass located at the antero-inferior portion of the EAC wall warrants close evaluation due to its potential for expansion from the EAC.

• MeSH
• karcinom * MeSH
• klinická relevance MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• myoepiteliální nádor * chirurgie   MeSH
• PET/CT MeSH
• zvukovod chirurgie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• kazuistiky MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

• MeSH
• časná diagnóza MeSH
• edém etiologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mukopolysacharidóza VI * diagnóza   genetika   patologie   MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• ušní boltec * patologie   MeSH
• vrozené deformity končetin diagnostické zobrazování   etiologie   patologie   MeSH
• vývojové onemocnění kostí diagnostické zobrazování   etiologie   patologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• Publikační typ
• kazuistiky MeSH

Benigní paroxysmální polohové vertigo (BPPV) je periferní vestibulární porucha, při které dochází k uvolnění otokonií z utrikulární makuly do chodbiček polokruhových kanálků. BPPV je nejčastějším onemocněním labyrintu vnitřního ucha v dospělém věku a je příčinou závratí až u jedné pětiny pacientů přicházejících k lékaři. U pacientů, kde v anamnéze nenajdeme předchozí poškození vnitřního ucha, označujeme BPPV jako idiopatické. Často však BPPV vzniká na terénu předchozího onemocnění labyrintu, tuto variantu označujeme jako sekundární. Pacienti si nejčastěji stěžují na epizody krátké rotační závrati, které se objevují po změně polohy hlavy, typicky při záklonu, uléhání či otáčení se v posteli. Některé studie z posledních let však ukazují, že pacienti s BPPV trpí poruchami stability stoje a chůze, které jsou přítomny i v období mezi záchvaty závratí. Tyto poruchy jsou detekovatelné přístrojovými metodami i klinickými testy. Podstatné však je, že úspěšná léčba BPPV pomocí repozičních manévrů vede i k úpravě posturální instability.

Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is a peripheral vestibular disorder in which otoconia are released from the utricular macula into the semicircular canals. BPPV is the most common disorder of the inner ear in adult and is the cause of vertigo in up to one-fifth of patients presenting to a physician. In patients where there is no history of previous inner ear disease, we refer to BPPV as idiopathic. Often, however, BPPV arises on the terrain of previous labyrinthine disease; we refer to this variant as secondary. Patients most commonly complain of episodes of brief rotational vertigo that occur after a change in head position, typically when bending, lying down or turning over in bed. However, some studies in recent years have shown that patients with BPPV suffer from impairments in standing and walking stability that are also present in between epizodes of vertigo. These disorders are detectable by instrumentation and clinical tests. Importantly, however, successful treatment of BPPV with canalith repositioning procedures also leads to improvement of postural instability.

• Klíčová slova
• repoziční manévry,
• MeSH
• benigní paroxysmální polohové vertigo * diagnóza   etiologie   rehabilitace   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• posturální rovnováha fyziologie   MeSH
• vestibulární aparát anatomie a histologie   fyziologie   patofyziologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• přehledy MeSH

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Tympanosclerosis (TS) is a scarring process that may occur during otitis media. Aortic stiffness (AS) is a significant predictor for the development of heart diseases due to its close relationship with atherosclerosis. Similar pathophysiological processes based on inflammation may explain both TS and AS formation. This study aimed to determine echocardiographically whether aortic elasticity is impaired in TS-detected patients and to correlate blood inflammatory parameters with TS and aortic elasticity. METHODS: Ninety-eight participants diagnosed with chronic otitis media were enrolled in the study. TS-detected 42 participants were assigned to the study group, while 56 without TS constituted the control group. The two groups' demographic, clinical, echocardiographic, and laboratory characteristics were comparable. RESULTS: Demographic, clinical, and laboratory parameter differences were insignificant. Hs-CRP, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, and systemic immune-inflammation index were significantly higher in the study group than in the control group (P=0.018, P=0.003, P=0.019, respectively). The study group had significantly lower aortic strain (11.80 ± 4.84 vs. 16.30 ± 3.91; P<0.001) and distensibility (5.23 ± 2.68 vs. 7.24 ± 2.89; P=0.001) values than the control group. The AS index was significantly higher in the study group than in the control group (4.81 ± 2.41 vs. 3.12 ± 1.02; P<0.001). CONCLUSION: In TS-detected patients, AS parameters were found to be impaired. Aortic elasticity parameters measured by echocardiography, a non-invasive and easily accessible method, may signify early cardiovascular involvement in TS-developed patients.

• MeSH
• echokardiografie metody   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• otitis media * MeSH
• pružnost MeSH
• tuhost cévní stěny * fyziologie   MeSH
• zánět MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

BACKGROUND: Cogan ́s syndrome is a rare, presumed autoimmune vasculitis of various vessels characterized by interstitial keratitis and vestibular impairment accompanied by sensorineural hearing loss. Due to the rarity of Cogan ́s syndrome in children, therapeutic decision making may be challenging. Therefore, a literature search was performed to collect all published paediatric Cogan ́s syndrome cases with their clinical characteristics, disease course, treatment modalities used and their outcome. The cohort was supplemented with our own patient. MAIN TEXT: Altogether, 55 paediatric Cogan ́s syndrome patients aged median 12 years have been reported so far. These were identified in PubMed with the keywords "Cogan ́s syndrome" and "children" or "childhood". All patients suffered from inflammatory ocular and vestibulo-auditory symptoms. In addition, 32/55 (58%) manifested systemic symptoms with musculoskeletal involvement being the most common with a prevalence of 45%, followed by neurological and skin manifestations. Aortitis was detected in 9/55 (16%). Regarding prognosis, remission in ocular symptoms was attained in 69%, whereas only 32% achieved a significant improvement in auditory function. Mortality was 2/55. Our patient was an 8 year old girl who presented with bilateral uveitis and a history of long standing hearing deficit. She also complained of intermittent vertigo, subfebrile temperatures, abdominal pain with diarrhoea, fatigue and recurrent epistaxis. The diagnosis was supported by bilateral labyrinthitis seen on contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. Treatment with topical and systemic steroids was started immediately. As the effect on auditory function was only transient, infliximab was added early in the disease course. This led to a remission of ocular and systemic symptoms and a normalization of hearing in the right ear. Her left ear remained deaf and the girl is currently evaluated for a unilateral cochlear implantation. CONCLUSIONS: This study presents an analysis of the largest cohort of paediatric Cogan ́s syndrome patients. Based on the collected data, the first practical guide to a diagnostic work-up and treatment in children with Cogan ́s syndrome is provided.

• MeSH
• apraxie * vrozené   MeSH
• Coganův syndrom * komplikace   diagnóza   terapie   MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• keratitida * diagnóza   terapie   komplikace   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• percepční nedoslýchavost * diagnóza   etiologie   terapie   MeSH
• prognóza MeSH
• progrese nemoci MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• kazuistiky MeSH
• přehledy MeSH