Effect-based analysis
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Monographs in epidemiology and biostatistics ; vol. 31
2nd ed. x, 306 s.
- MeSH
- lékařství MeSH
- metaanalýza jako téma MeSH
- náklady a analýza nákladů MeSH
- Publikační typ
- metaanalýza MeSH
- Konspekt
- Lékařské vědy. Lékařství
- NLK Obory
- lékařství
- management, organizace a řízení zdravotnictví
Cíl: Seznámit s pojmem evidence based medicine (EBM), vysvětlit princip cost-effectiveness analýzy (cena–užitek) a ukázat její využití pro porovnání efektivity různých lékařských výkonů. Metodika: Formou několika příkladů je v tomto sdělení vysvětlen význam a výpočet důležitých parametrů cost-effectiveness analýzy (CE) jako je utility value (UV), quality adjusted life years (QALY). Dále byl proveden výpočet UV a QALY pro operaci katarakty včetně jejich komplikací. Výsledky: K vysoce efektivním výkonům podle této metody patří laserfotokoagulace a kryokoagulace počínajících stadiích retinopatie nedonošených, léčba tupozrakosti, operace katarakty jednoho i obou očí, z vitreoretinálních výkonů pak časná vitrektomie u hemoftalmu při proliferativní diabetické retinopatii či mřížková laserkoagulace při diabetickém makulárním edému či zhoršení vizu v důsledku okluze větve centrální vény. Naopak k výkonům s nízkou cost-efektivitou patří terapie okluze centrální arterie paracentézou přední komory a terapií pomocí CO2 či fotodynamická terapie u choroidální neovaskularizace při věkem podmíněné makulární degeneraci s vizem lepšího oka 20/200. Závěr: Cost-effectiveness analýza je nová, perspektivní metoda, která se zabývá hodnocením úspěšnosti lékařského výkonu porovnáním konečného efektu s ohledem na finanční náklady. Při určování efektivity jednotlivých výkonů vychází ve svém hodnocení ze tří hlavních aspektů: subjektivního vnímání vlivu nemoci na kvalitu života pacienta, objektivního výsledku klinického vyšetření a finanční náročnosti výkonu. Podle této metody patří operace katarakty spolu s výkony v pediatrické oftalmologii k nejvíce efektivním intervenčním metodám.
Goal: To make the reader familiar with the term evidence based medicine (EBM), to explain the principle of cost-effectiveness analysis (price-profit), and to show its usefulness to compare the effectiveness of different medical procedures. Method: Based on few examples, in this article the relevance and calculation of important parameters of cost-effectiveness analysis (CE), as utility value (UV), quality adjusted life years (QALY) is explained. In addition, calculation of UV and QALY for the cataract surgery, including its complications, is provided. Results: According to this method, laser photocoagulation and cryocoagulation of the early stages of retinopathy of prematurity, treatment of amblyopia, cataract surgery of one or both eyes, from the vitreoretinal procedures the early vitrectomy in cases of hemophtalmus in proliferative diabetic retinopathy or grid laser photocoagulation in diabetic macular edemaor worsening of the visual acuity due to the branch retinal vein occlusion belong to highly effective procedures. On the other hand, to the procedures with low cost effectiveness belongs the treating of the central retinal artery occlusion with anterior chamber paracentesis, as well as with CO2 inhalation, or photodynamic therapy in choroidal neovascularization in age-related macular degeneration with visual acuity of the better eye 20/200. Conclusion: Cost-effectiveness analysis is a new perspective method evaluating successfulness of medical procedure comparing the final effect with the financial costs. In evaluation of effectiveness of individual procedures, three main aspects are considered: subjective feeling of influence of the disease on the patient’s life, objective results of clinical examination and financial costs of the procedure. According to this method, the cataract surgery, as well as procedures in the pediatric ophthalmology belong to the most effective surgical methods.
... Strube Anthony Delitto -- 11 Observational Gait Analysis, 112 Francine Malouin -- 12 Foot Fall Measurement ... ... Craik Lisa Dutterer -- 14 Kinematics Theory, 159 Ge Wu -- 15 Joint Kinematics: Camera-Based Systems, ... ... Richards Francine Malouin Francine Dumas Daniel Tardif -- 26 Effect of Functional Electrical Stimulation ... ... Rodgers -- 27 Gait Analysis as an Outcome Measure After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury, 376 -- Lynn ... ... McClay -- 30 Gait Analysis in Stroke and Head Injury, 412 -- Alberto Esquenazi Barbra Hirai -- 31 Gait ...
XV, 471 s. : il. ; 26 cm
- MeSH
- biochemická analýza krve metody přístrojové vybavení využití MeSH
- biochemické jevy účinky léků MeSH
- Cyprinidae krev růst a vývoj MeSH
- experimenty na zvířatech MeSH
- financování organizované MeSH
- hematologické testy metody využití MeSH
- pesticidy krev otrava škodlivé účinky MeSH
- ryby MeSH
- statistika jako téma metody MeSH
- testy akutní toxicity metody využití MeSH
- triaziny krev otrava škodlivé účinky MeSH
PURPOSE: Exercise-based cancer rehabilitation via digital technologies can provide a promising alternative to centre-based exercise training, but data for cancer patients and survivors are limited. We conducted a meta-analysis examining the effect of telehealth exercise-based cancer rehabilitation in cancer survivors on cardiorespiratory fitness, physical activity, muscle strength, health-related quality of life, and self-reported symptoms. METHODS: PubMed, Web of Science, and reference lists of articles related to the aim were searched up to March 2023. Randomized controlled clinical trials were included comparing the effect of telehealth exercise-based cancer rehabilitation with guideline-based usual care in adult cancer survivors. The primary result was cardiorespiratory fitness expressed by peak oxygen consumption. RESULTS: A total of 1510 participants were identified, and ten randomized controlled trials (n = 855) were included in the meta-analysis. The study sample was 85% female, and the mean age was 52.7 years. Meta-analysis indicated that telehealth exercise-based cancer rehabilitation significantly improved cardiorespiratory fitness (SMD = 0.34, 95% CI 0.20, 0.49, I2 = 42%, p < 0.001) and physical activity (SMD = 0.34, 95% CI, 0.17, 0.51, I2 = 71%, p < 0.001). It was uncertain whether telehealth exercise-based cancer rehabilitation, compared with guideline-based usual care, improved the quality of life (SMD = 0.23, 95%CI, -0.07, 0.52, I2 = 67%, p = 0.14) body mass index (MD = 0.46, 95% CI, -1.19, 2.12, I2 = 60%, p = 0.58) and muscle strength (SMD = 0.07, 95% CI, -0.14, 0.28, I2 = 37%, p = 0.51). CONCLUSION: This meta-analysis showed that telehealth exercise cancer rehabilitation could significantly increase cardiorespiratory fitness and physical activity levels and decrease fatigue. It is uncertain whether these interventions improve quality of life and muscle strength. High-quality and robust studies are needed to investigate specific home-based exercise regimens in different cancer subgroups to increase the certainty of the evidence.
- MeSH
- cvičení MeSH
- kardiorespirační zdatnost * MeSH
- kvalita života * MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nádory * rehabilitace MeSH
- přežívající onkologičtí pacienti MeSH
- randomizované kontrolované studie jako téma MeSH
- svalová síla * MeSH
- telemedicína MeSH
- telerehabilitace MeSH
- terapie cvičením * metody MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- metaanalýza MeSH
- systematický přehled MeSH
... meta-analysis 10 -- Statistical significance 11 -- Clinical importance of the effect 12 -- Consistency ... ... -- 4 EFFECT SIZES BASED ON MEANS 21 -- Introduction 21 -- Raw (unstandardized) mean difference D 21 ... ... difference 37 -- Choosing an effect size index 38 -- Summary points 39 -- 6 EFFECT SIZES BASED ON CORRELATIONS ... ... -- Performing a fixed-effect meta-analysis 65 -- Summary points 67 -- 12 RANDOM-EFFECTS MODEL 69 -- ... ... meta-analysis 72 -- Summary points 74 -- 13 FIXED-EFFECT VERSUS RANDOM-EFFECTS MODELS 77 -- Introduction ...
First published xxviii, 421 stran : ilustrace ; 25 cm
- MeSH
- metaanalýza jako téma * MeSH
- statistika jako téma MeSH
- Publikační typ
- metaanalýza MeSH
- příručky MeSH
- Konspekt
- Statistika
- NLK Obory
- statistika, zdravotnická statistika
... Health policy analysis -- Mechanics -- Policy background section -- Statement of policy issue section ... ... -- Normative values and stakeholder analysis -- Criteria for success section -- Systematic review of ... ... Health Policy Analysis 1 -- Politics and Policy 1 The Policy-Making Process 3 Health and Health Policy ... ... 5 -- Health Policy Analysis 6 Evidence-Based Health Policy 8 -- Effectiveness 8 Efficiency 12 -- Allocative ... ... Normative Values and Stakeholder Analysis 89 -- The Role of Values 89 Stakeholder Analysis 104 Summary ...
xviii, 215 stran : ilustrace ; 23 cm
- MeSH
- obezita dětí a dospívajících MeSH
- vytváření politiky MeSH
- zdravotní politika MeSH
- Publikační typ
- učebnice MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Spojené státy americké MeSH
- Konspekt
- Veřejné zdraví a hygiena
- NLK Obory
- veřejné zdravotnictví
- pediatrie
Recently, concerns regarding the safety of red yeast rice (RYR) have been raised after the publication of some case reports claiming toxicity. Since the previous meta-analyses on the effects of RYR were mainly focused on its efficacy to improve lipid profile and other cardiovascular parameters, we carried out a meta-analysis on safety data derived from the available randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs). Primary outcomes were musculoskeletal disorders (MuD). Secondary outcomes were non-musculoskeletal adverse events (Non-MuD) and serious adverse events (SAE). Subgroups analyses were carried out considering the intervention (RYR alone or in association with other nutraceutical compounds), monacolin K administered daily dose (≤3, 3.1-5 or >5 mg/day), follow-up (>12 or ≤12 weeks), with statin therapy or statin-intolerance and type of control treatment (placebo or statin treatment). Data were pooled from 53 RCTs comprising 112 treatment arms, which included 8535 subjects, with 4437 in the RYR arm and 4303 in the control one. Monacolin K administration was not associated with increased risk of MuD (odds ratio (OR) = 0.94, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.53,1.65). Moreover, we showed reduced risk of Non-MuD (OR = 0.59, 95%CI 0.50, 0.69) and SAE (OR = 0.54, 95%CI 0.46, 0.64) vs. control. Subgroups analyses confirmed the high tolerability profile of RYR. Furthermore, increasing daily doses of monacolin K were negatively associated with increasing risk of Non-MuD (slope: -0.10; 95%CI: -0.17, -0.03; two-tailed p < 0.01). Based on our data, RYR use as lipid-lowering dietary supplement seems to be overall tolerable and safe in a large kind of moderately hypercolesterolaemic subjects.
... Exploring Longitudinal Data on Change 16 -- 2.1 Creating a Longitudinal Data Set 17 -- 2.2 Descriptive Analysis ... ... Change 57 -- 3.4 Fitting the Multilevel Model for Change to Data 63 -- 3.5 Examining Estimated Fixed Effects ... ... 68 -- 3.6 Examining Estimated Variance Components 72 -- 4 Doing Data Analysis with the Multilevel Model ... ... Using Deviance Statistics 116 -- 4.7 Using Wald Statistics to Test Composite Hypotheses About Fixed Effects ... ... 122 -- 4.8 Evaluating the Tenability of a Model\'s Assumptions 127 -- 4.9 Model-Based (Empirical Bayes ...
xx, 644 s. : il, tab. ; 24 cm
- MeSH
- longitudinální studie MeSH
- sociální vědy metody MeSH
- výzkum MeSH
- výzkumný projekt MeSH
- Publikační typ
- monografie MeSH
- Konspekt
- Sociologie
- NLK Obory
- sociologie
482 s.