Forgács, E* Dotaz Zobrazit nápovědu
- MeSH
- časové faktory MeSH
- diabetes mellitus 1. typu * komplikace MeSH
- histologické techniky metody využití MeSH
- hyperostosis frontalis interna etiologie komplikace MeSH
- hyperostóza etiologie komplikace MeSH
- komplikace diabetu * diagnóza MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- metabolické nemoci prevence a kontrola MeSH
- osteoartróza * etiologie komplikace MeSH
- osteoporóza etiologie komplikace MeSH
- poruchy metabolismu glukózy komplikace MeSH
- remodelace kosti MeSH
- rentgendiagnostika metody využití MeSH
- růstový hormon izolace a purifikace MeSH
- věkové faktory MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
Radial growth, asexual sporulation, and cleistothecia formation as well as extracellular chitinase and proteinase formation of Aspergillus nidulans were monitored in surface cultures in order to study the physiological role of extracellular hydrolase production in carbon-stressed cultures. We set up carbon-stressed and carbon-overfed experimental conditions by varying the starting glucose concentration within the range of 2.5 and 40 g/L. Glucose starvation induced radial growth and hydrolase production and enhanced the maturation of cleistothecia; meanwhile, glucose-rich conditions enhanced mycelial biomass, conidia, and cleistothecia production. Double deletion of chiB and engA (encoding an extracellular endochitinase and a β-1,3-endoglucanase, respectively) decreased conidia production under carbon-stressed conditions, suggesting that these autolytic hydrolases can support conidia formation by releasing nutrients from the cell wall polysaccharides of dead hyphae. Double deletion of prtA and pepJ (both genes encode extracellular proteases) reduced the number of cleistothecia even under carbon-rich conditions except in the presence of casamino acids, which supports the view that sexual development and amino acid metabolism are tightly connected to each other in this fungus.
- MeSH
- Aspergillus nidulans enzymologie růst a vývoj MeSH
- celulasa genetika MeSH
- chitinasy genetika MeSH
- fungální proteiny genetika MeSH
- glukosa chemie MeSH
- hydrolasy genetika MeSH
- hyfy růst a vývoj MeSH
- kultivační média MeSH
- mutace MeSH
- proteasy genetika MeSH
- regulace genové exprese enzymů MeSH
- regulace genové exprese u hub * MeSH
- spory hub růst a vývoj MeSH
- vývojová regulace genové exprese MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Exogenous substances altering the function of the endocrine system and exhibiting adverse health effects on the organism are defined as endocrine disruptors. Nonylphenol is one of the most abundant alkylphenol ethoxylate derivatives, being detected in food products. Diverse studies have classified nonylphenol as hazardous to the health, especially to male reproduction. This in vitro study aimed to examine the effects of 4-nonylphenol on androstenedione and testosterone production as well as on the viability of Leydig cells of NMRI mice. The cells were cultured for 44 h with addition of 0.04; 0.2; 1.0; 2.5 and 5.0 μg/ml of 4-nonylphenol and compared to the control. Quantification of testosterone and androstenedione directly from aliquots of the medium was performed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Cell viability was measured by the metabolic activity assay for mitochondrial functional activity. Androstenedione production significantly (P < 0.001) increased with 1.0; 2.5 and 5.0 μg/ml 4-nonylphenol. Although cAMP-stimulated testosterone production was not significantly affected by 4-nonylphenol, a tendency to attenuate the level of testosterone in the Leydig cells treated with 2.5 and 5.0 μg/ml 4-nonylphenol was observed. The viability of mouse Leydig cells was slightly increased at the lowest doses of 4-nonylphenol (0.04 and 0.2 μg/ml). We also observed an increase at higher concentrations of the substance (1.0; 2.5 and 5.0 μg/ml), but this increase was not significant. Further investigations are required to establish the biological significance and possible reproductive implications.
- MeSH
- AMP cyklický metabolismus MeSH
- androstendion biosyntéza MeSH
- fenoly farmakologie MeSH
- hormony biosyntéza MeSH
- kultivované buňky MeSH
- Leydigovy buňky cytologie účinky léků MeSH
- myši MeSH
- testosteron biosyntéza MeSH
- viabilita buněk účinky léků MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- myši MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
