• MeSH
• Drug Combinations MeSH
• Physostigmine administration & dosage   MeSH
• Psychological Tests MeSH
• Scopolamine administration & dosage   MeSH
• Higher Nervous Activity analysis   MeSH

• MeSH
• Filtration methods   instrumentation   MeSH
• Gels MeSH
• Freeze Drying MeSH
• Membranes, Artificial MeSH
• Methylcellulose MeSH
• Ophthalmic Solutions MeSH
• Scopolamine MeSH
• In Vitro Techniques MeSH

• MeSH
• Ammonia MeSH
• Physostigmine MeSH
• Rats MeSH
• Cerebral Cortex drug effects   MeSH
• Scopolamine MeSH
• In Vitro Techniques MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Check Tag
• Rats MeSH
• Animals MeSH

Seznamuje se základními charakteristikami antibiotik, s obecnými problémy, zdravotními aspekty a zásadami jejich použití v potravinářství, mlékárenském i ostatním potravinářském průmyslu. Poslední kapitola se zabývá použitím antibiotik v zemědělství při krmení hospodářských zvířat.

• Keywords
• antibiotika, potravinářství, zemědělství,

• Conspectus
• Zemědělství a příbuzné oblasti vědy a techniky
• NML Fields
• zemědělství a potravinářství
• zemědělství a potravinářství
• hygiena
• farmacie a farmakologie
• farmacie a farmakologie
• environmentální vědy

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of Er:YAG laser irradiation on the debonding of metal and ceramic brackets and enamel damage ex vivo. BACKGROUND DATA: The principle of safe bracket debonding is to degrade the adhesive resin strength connecting the tooth and bracket. Removal of adhesive resin from tooth surfaces without iatrogenic damage (enamel loss) is generally the main problem of the otherwise very successful method of aesthetic straightening of teeth. METHODS: Forty ceramic and metal brackets (Clarity™ Advanced and Victory Series™; 3M Unitek, Monrovia, CA) were standardly bonded to buccal polished enamel surfaces of 30 caries-free human third molars. Two types of adhesive resins (Transbond™ XT Light Cure Adhesive; 3M Unitek, and Variolink II Professional Set; Ivoclar Vivadent AG) were used. Before debonding, the brackets in the laser group were irradiated with the Er:YAG laser (FJFI CVUT) 280 mJ, 250 μs long, repetition rate 6 Hz, spot focus 1 mm, and 140 sec. The control group was debonded without the laser irradiation. During the bracket irradiation, temperature changes inside the tooth were monitored using a thermal image infrared camera. The enamel surface was investigated by SEM. RESULTS: It has been observed that bracket removal was easier after the Er:YAG laser irradiation, and temperature rise was limited (from 2.0°C to 3.2°C) also for metal brackets. As against the nonirradiated samples, SEM investigation has confirmed no damage to enamel. CONCLUSIONS: Irradiation with Er:YAG laser radiation before debonding of ceramic brackets significantly decreases the bonding failure and amount of remaining adhesive.

• MeSH
• Adult MeSH
• Lasers, Solid-State * MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Microscopy, Electron, Scanning MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• Molar, Third MeSH
• Orthodontic Brackets * MeSH
• Surface Properties MeSH
• In Vitro Techniques MeSH
• Materials Testing MeSH
• Dental Debonding instrumentation   MeSH
• Dental Enamel injuries   radiation effects   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Adult MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH

• MeSH
• Maze Learning drug effects   MeSH
• Research Support as Topic MeSH
• Rodentia MeSH
• Orientation drug effects   MeSH
• Receptors, Muscarinic metabolism   MeSH
• Scopolamine adverse effects   MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Check Tag
• Animals MeSH

• Keywords
• HOS-test,
• MeSH
• Semen Analysis * methods   veterinary   MeSH
• Reproductive Techniques, Assisted veterinary   MeSH
• Color MeSH
• Animal Husbandry MeSH
• Hypotonic Solutions MeSH
• Sperm Motility MeSH
• Sperm Retrieval MeSH
• Osmotic Pressure MeSH
• Sperm Count methods   veterinary   MeSH
• Image Processing, Computer-Assisted MeSH
• Dogs * MeSH
• Semen cytology   physiology   MeSH
• Spermatozoa abnormalities   cytology   physiology   MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Check Tag
• Male MeSH
• Dogs * MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Publication type
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
• Review MeSH

Antifungal activity of hyoscyamine (Hcy) and scopolamine (Sco) were determined by TLC-bioautography against fungi associated with H. muticus grown in Egypt, and those isolated from other plants grown in Japan. All 40 fungal strains were tolerant to Sco and sensitive to Hcy, exhibiting a growth inhibition zone around the Hcy spot on the bioautography plate. The strains were grouped into three types based on the appearance of the inhibition zone: (i) 17 strains exhibiting a clear inhibition zone, which remained clear at 8 d after incubation (type I); (ii) 22 strains exhibiting the inhibition zone with a brown circle surrounding the zone and regrowth within the inhibition zone (type II); (iii) 1 strain exhibiting the inhibition zone with no brown circle and regrowth within the inhibition zone (type III). In the type II and III strains, Hcy disappeared, and other alkaloids were found in the inhibition zones in its place. Hcy feeding experiments using Penicillium purpurogenum (type II) and Cunninghamella elegans (type III) revealed that these fungi may convert Hcy to a new alkaloid compound.

• MeSH
• Antifungal Agents pharmacology   metabolism   MeSH
• Atropine pharmacology   metabolism   MeSH
• Cunninghamella growth & development   drug effects   MeSH
• Financing, Organized MeSH
• Hyoscyamus metabolism   microbiology   MeSH
• Plants, Medicinal metabolism   microbiology   MeSH
• Microbial Sensitivity Tests MeSH
• Penicillium growth & development   drug effects   MeSH
• Scopolamine pharmacology   metabolism   MeSH

• MeSH
• Gingiva * surgery   pathology   MeSH
• Hyperpigmentation * surgery   therapy   MeSH
• Laser Therapy economics   methods   MeSH
• Lasers, Solid-State * classification   therapeutic use   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Pain Measurement MeSH
• Gingival Diseases surgery   therapy   MeSH
• Postoperative Period MeSH
• Prospective Studies MeSH
• Patient Satisfaction MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Clinical Study MeSH

• MeSH
• Personality MeSH
• Psychology MeSH
• Publication type
• Monograph MeSH

• Conspectus
• Psychologie
• NML Fields
• psychologie, klinická psychologie