HSIL Dotaz Zobrazit nápovědu
Cíl: Epidemiologie a zhodnocení významu chirurgických okrajů v léčbě HSIL vulvy – analýza vlastního souboru. Soubor a metodika: Do studie byly prospektivně zařazovány ženy s nálezem histologicky potvrzené HPV asociované prekancerózy vulvy od 10/2016 do 1/2022. Celkem bylo zařazeno 65 žen. Po chirurgickém ošetření byly ženy podle chirurgického okraje rozděleny do skupin a sledovány v pravidelných intervalech. Výsledky: Sedmnáct žen (26 %) s diagnostikovanou HPV asociovanou prekancerózou vulvy bylo ve věku do 49 let, 48 žen (74 %) bylo ve věku nad 49 let. Recidivy HPV asociovaných prekanceróz byly v excizích s dosahem HSIL do okraje, resp. okrajem do 1 mm vč. a okrajem 1–3 mm diagnostikovány ve 12,3 %, resp. 1,5 % a 3,1 % případů. Riziko recidivy při dosahu léze do okraje je ve srovnání se zdravým okrajem 1–3 mm statisticky významné. Závěr: Při zachování minimálního zdravého okraje (1–3 mm) je riziko recidivy HPV asociovaných prekanceróz vulvy akceptovatelné při současném příznivém kosmetickém efektu a minimalizaci narušení psychosexuální funkcí žen. Nutností jsou dlouhodobé pravidelné kontroly.
Objective: Epidemiology and evaluation of the importance of surgical margins in the treatment of vulvar H-SIL – analysis of own data. Material and methods: The prospective study included women diagnosed with HPV-associated vulvar epithelial neoplasia from 10/2016 to 1/2022. A total of 65 women were included. After surgical treatment, the women were distributed to groups according to surgical margins and were followed-up at regular intervals. Results: Seventeen women (26%) diagnosed with HPV-associated vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia were under 49 years, whereas 48 women (74%) were older than 49 years. Recurrence rates of HPV-associated precancers were 12.3%, 1.5% and 3.1% in excisions with positive margins up to 1 mm peripheral margins and 1–3 mm peripheral margins, respectively. The risk of recurrence when the lesion reaches the margin is statistically significant, compared to a healthy margin of 1–3 mm. Conclusion: Keeping the minimal healthy margin (1–3 mm) seems to be an acceptable risk of recurrence of HPV-associated vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia with positive cosmetic effect and minimal risk of disturbing the psychosexual functions of women. Long-term regular follow-up is necessary.
BACKGROUND: DNA methylation has been suggested as one of the epigenetic changes promoting carcinogenesis. The aim of this study was to prospectively evaluate the methylation status of CADM 1, MAL and hsa-miR-124 genes in high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) liquid-based cytology (LBC) samples with a histological correlation. METHODS: Seventy histologically confirmed cases of HSIL paired with prior screening LBC diagnosis of HSIL within a 3-month interval were selected. Histologically, the lesions were reviewed and assessed including: (a) number of blocks harbouring dysplastic squamous epithelium; (b) number of blocks containing glandular extension of dysplastic epithelium; and (c) the depth of glandular extension (which was assessed semi-quantitatively as graded 1-3). Human papillomavirus (HPV) subtyping was performed from residual LBC materials using the LINEAR ARRAY HPV Genotyping Test and in-house polymerase chain reaction targeting the HPV E1 gene. The detection of methylation silencing of tumour suppressor genes CADM1, MAL and hsa-miR-124 was performed by multiplex methylation-specific real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: A positive methylation status was detected in 41 cases (58.6%). The number of blocks with HSIL varied from one to 13. Glandular extension was seen in 44 cases with the number of blocks involved ranging from one to 10. The depth of HSIL glandular extension varied. CONCLUSION: The DNA methylation test allows HSIL lesions to be divided into two distinct groups of methylated HSIL in significantly older patients and unmethylated HSIL in younger patients. This study was not able to prove that methylation status in cervical HSIL correlates with the size of the lesion (measured by the number of blocks involved) or with HSIL propensity for endocervical glandular extension, nor with HPV type or multi-infection.
- MeSH
- buněčná adhezní molekula 1 genetika MeSH
- cervix uteri patologie virologie MeSH
- cytodiagnostika * MeSH
- dlaždicová intraepiteliální léze cervixu diagnóza genetika patologie virologie MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- genotypizační techniky MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- metylace DNA genetika MeSH
- mikro RNA genetika MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- nádorové supresorové proteiny genetika MeSH
- Papanicolaouův test MeSH
- Papillomaviridae patogenita MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- skvamózní intraepiteliální léze diagnóza genetika patologie virologie MeSH
- vaginální stěr MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Anální intraepiteliální neoplazie (AIN) je prekurzurová léze skvamózního karcinomu anu (aSCC). aSCC je řazen mezi vzácné karcinomy, ale jeho incidence je na vzestupu a v některých rizikových skupinách se blíží incidenci kolorektálního karcinomu. Přestože chybí kontrolované randomizované studie, názory expertů podporují vyhledávání a léčbu této anální neoplazie v rizikových skupinách. AIN/aSCC patří mezi neoplazie asociované s HPV infekcí. Jedince s vyšším rizikem AIN/aSCC lze vyšetřit cytologickým stěrem anu nebo citlivějším stěrem na přítomnost HPV DNA, podobně jako při screeningu karcinomu děložního čípku. V případě pozitivního nálezu je doporučována anoskopie s vysokým rozlišením (HR anoskopie). Tento postup však není běžnou praxí. Cílem této studie je obeznámit gastroenterologickou komunitu s nepříliš známou diagnózou AIN a představit nový aktivní přístup v její detekci a terapii. Retrospektivně byl hodnocen soubor 18 pacientů indikovaných k flexibilní endoskopii anu pro jejich vyšší riziko anální neoplazie nebo k dovyšetření rektoragie při normálním koloskopickém nálezu. Využití high-definition flexibilního endoskopu k vyšetření anu nazýváme novým termínem HD anoskopie. Zjištěné léze byly odstraněny endoskopickou mukózní resekcí (EMR) nebo bioptovány a vzorky odeslány k histopatologickému zhodnocení jedním patologem. Z 18 vyšetřených pacientů byla AIN zjištěna u 12, rizikovější AIN II/III u sedmi. Ve většině případů se jednalo o léze typu IIa nebo Is dle Pařížské klasifikace. U všech AIN lézí byly přítomny změny v morfologii slizničních IPCL cév (intrapapillary capillary loops). Na základě našich výsledků navrhujeme v rizikových skupinách aktivně vyšetřovat často opomíjenou anorektální oblast flexibilním HD endoskopem. Vysoké rozlišení a digitální chromoendoskopie těchto moderních endoskopů nabízí snadnou detekci AIN a navíc umožňuje cílenou terapii bez rizika anální dysfunkce.
Anal intraepithelial neoplasia (AIN) is a precursor lesion of anal squamous cell cancer (aSCC). aSCC is considered a rare cancer, but its incidence is on the rise and in certain high-risk populations it approaches the incidence of colorectal cancer. Although controlled randomized trials are lacking, expert opinions support screening and therapy of this anal neoplasia in the high-risk groups. AIN/aSCC belongs among neoplasia associated with HPV infection. Individuals with a higher AIN/aSCC risk can be examined by rectal smear for cytology or more sensitive HPV DNA, not unlike the cervical cancer screening. In the case of a positive result, high-resolution anoscopy is recommended. However, this is not a common practice. The goal of this study is to acquaint the gastroenterology community with the not so well known AIN diagnosis and offer a new active approach to its detection and therapy. We retrospectively analyzed a cohort of 18 patients indicated for flexible anal endoscopy because of their higher risk of anal neoplasia or to explain rectorrhagia after normal colonoscopic finding. We named the anal examination with the use of flexible high-definition endoscope by the new term, high definition (HD) anoscopy. The detected lesions were removed by endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) or biopsied and the samples sent for histopathological evaluation by one pathologist. Among 18 examined patients, AIN was diagnosed in 12 and the riskier AIN II/III was found in 7. In most cases the lesions were type IIa or Is according to Paris classifications. In all AIN cases irregularities of the mucosal IPCL vessels (intrapapillary capillary loops) were present. Based on our results we recommend active examination of the often neglected anorectal region by the flexible HD endoscope. High resolution and digital chromoendoscopic technology of modern endoscopes offers an easy way to detect and treat AIN without a risk of anal dysfunction.
- MeSH
- dysplazie děložního hrdla diagnóza patologie MeSH
- histologické techniky metody využití MeSH
- histologie srovnávací metody MeSH
- infekce papilomavirem diagnóza komplikace patologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- prekancerózy diagnóza patologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- souhrny MeSH
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess the significance of bizarre cells (cells of squamous origin with a superficial squamous cell-type cytoplasm and characterised by multinucleation that produces bizarre nuclear shapes) in liquid-based cytology (LBC) Papanicoaou (pap) smears with clinical and histological follow-up correlation. METHODS: Fifteen patients, all with LBC samples containing bizarre cells, were identified in routine ThinPrep® LBC workload. HPV testing was performed in each case using residual LBC material. Cytological-histological correlations were reviewed. RESULTS: All 15 LBC samples contained bizarre cells and tested positive for high-risk HPV types. Ten of the 15 cases were identified as atypical squamous cells - cannot exclude an HSIL (ASC-H) with secondary diagnosis of low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL), while five cases were identified as high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL), and a subsequent biopsy was recommended. Additionally, 13/15 cases underwent cone biopsy or hysterectomy within 1-11 months, of which 10 showed histologically confirmed HSIL end-points. LSIL was present in three cases. Bizarre cells were identified in the HSIL epithelium of five cone biopsies. CONCLUSIONS: Identification of bizarre cells in LBC is straightforward and may facilitate diagnosis. The cytology of bizarre cells is associated with HSIL in cone biopsies. We recommend assigning LBC samples containing bizarre cells as ASC-H with secondary diagnosis of LSIL.
Cervical cancer is one of the most common malignancies in women. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in a variety of fundamental cellular processes, including carcinogenesis. The potential utilization of aberrantly expressed miRNAs as novel biomarkers in cervical cancer diagnostics is growing. We investigated miRNA expression profiles during the progression of dysplasia in cervical epithelium to identify aberrantly expressed miRNAs. High-throughput miRNA profiling of high-grade precancerous lesions identified 79 miRNAs showing significant difference in expression values compared to normal cervical epithelium. Ten selected miRNAs were subsequently measured in an independent group of samples to validate them as promising biomarkers of cervical carcinogenesis. MicroRNAs miR-10b-5p, miR-34c-5p, miR-409-3p and miR-411-5p were confirmed as downregulated, while miR-10a-5p, miR-132-3p, miR-141-5p were significantly upregulated in dysplastic cervical tissues. Further investigation revealed an inverse correlation of miR-409-3p with E6 mRNA levels in precancerous cervical lesions. Subsequent in vitro analyses showed a direct involvement of this miRNA in the regulation of E6 oncogene levels, thus confirming a potential tumor suppressor function of miR-409-3p in cervical malignancies. Hence, miR-409-3p may represent a useful early marker and a potential therapeutic target for cervical cancer.
- MeSH
- down regulace MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lidský papilomavirus 16 genetika MeSH
- lidský papilomavirus 18 genetika MeSH
- mikro RNA genetika MeSH
- nádorové buněčné linie MeSH
- nádory děložního čípku genetika virologie MeSH
- onkogenní proteiny virové genetika MeSH
- regulace genové exprese u nádorů MeSH
- represorové proteiny genetika MeSH
- skvamózní intraepiteliální léze genetika virologie MeSH
- stanovení celkové genové exprese MeSH
- upregulace MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
