Incubation
Dotaz
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- MeSH
- epifýza mozková růst a vývoj MeSH
- histologické techniky MeSH
- kuřecí embryo MeSH
- Check Tag
- kuřecí embryo MeSH
The reproductive success of precocial birds depends on investments in clutch formation and incubation. Egg quality strongly affects the phenotypic traits correlated with survival of the hatchling, but parental ability to maintain incubation temperature can also influence hatchling outcomes. The effect of incubation temperature on hatchling phenotype has been widely studied in reptiles but not in birds. The aim of this study was to explore the effects of egg mass and incubation temperature on the incubation period, hatchability, and hatchling phenotype of the mallard (Anas platyrhynchos). Mallard eggs were incubated under six constant incubation temperatures (ranging from 35.0° to 39.0°C). Hatchlings were weighed, and their structural size was measured. Some hatchlings were used for an examination of residual yolk sac mass and basic chemical composition of the yolk-free body. All investigated phenotypic traits except for chemical composition were positively correlated with egg mass. Incubation temperature did not affect hatchling body mass, but increased temperatures led to a decreased yolk-free body mass and structural size of hatchlings and to increased yolk sac mass. Our results suggest that there is a trade-off between the yolk-free body size and energetic reserves in the form of the yolk sac and that this trade-off is modulated by incubation temperature.
- MeSH
- embryo nesavčí embryologie MeSH
- embryonální vývoj fyziologie MeSH
- fenotyp MeSH
- kachny embryologie MeSH
- novorozená zvířata MeSH
- ovum chemie MeSH
- teplota * MeSH
- velikost těla MeSH
- žloutkový vak chemie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
