Keratinocytes
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Práce shrnuje dosavadní poznatky o terapii chronických ulcerací dolních končetin s použitímkultivovaných keratinocytů. Zaměřuje se hlavně na zhodnocení výhod a srovnání jednotlivých typůkultivovaných keratinocytů - epidermálních autograftů a alograftů. U alograftů podtrhuje rozdílymezi keratinocyty nativními, kryoprezervovanými a lyofilizovanými.
The article presents recent knowledge of use of the cultured epidermal keratinocytes in thetherapy of chronic leg ulcers.The main part of the article compares advantages and disadvantages of particular types ofcultured keratinocytes - epidermal autografts and allografts. The difference among native, cryopreservedand lyophilized keratinocytes is emphasized.
- MeSH
- bércové vředy terapie MeSH
- keratinocyty MeSH
- kryoprezervace MeSH
- kultivované buňky MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lyofilizace MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
BACKGROUND: The sun is a natural source of UV radiation. It can be divided into three bands, UVA (315-400 nm), UVB (280-315 nm) and UVC (100-280 nm), where the radiation up to 290 nm is very effectively eliminated by the stratospheric ozone. Although UV radiation can have a beneficial effect on our organism and can be used in the treatment of several skin diseases, it must primarily be considered harmful. METHODS: In the presented work, we focused on the study of the longer-wavelength UV components (UVA and UVB) on the human epidermal keratinocyte line HaCaT. As UVA and UVB radiation sources, we used commercially available UVA and UVB tubes from Philips (Philips, Amsterdam, The Netherlands), which are commonly employed in photochemotherapy. We compared their effects on cell viability and proliferation, changes in ROS production, mitochondrial function and the degree of DNA damage. RESULTS: Our results revealed that UVB irradiation, even with significantly lower irradiance, caused greater ROS production, depolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential and greater DNA fragmentation, along with significantly lowering cell viability and proliferative capacity. CONCLUSIONS: These results confirm that UV radiation causes severe damages in skin cells, and they need to be protected from it, or it needs to be applied more cautiously, especially if the component used is UVB.
Koža je najväčší orgán tela, ktorý tvorí vonkajšiu vrstvu a vytvára bariéru voči okolitému prostrediu. Má mnoho dôležitých funkcií. Pokožku môžu poškodiť rôzne mechanizmy. Nahradenie poškodenej kože, hlavne pri liečbe hlbokých rozsiahlych popálenín, predstavuje kľúčový problém. Poškodenú kožu môžme nahradiť trvalo kožnými autotransplantátmi, kultivovanými autogénnymi keratinocytmi alebo kombináciou kožných náhrad s in vitro kultivovanými autológnymi keratinocytmi. V článku sú popísané metódy prípravy, a aj možnosti využitia kultivovaných autológnych a alogénnych keratinocytov, s ktorými máme na Klinike popálenín a rekonštrukčnej chirurgie v Univerzitnej nemocnici v Bratislave dlhodobé skúsenosti.
Aim: Skin is the largest organ, providing an outer layer of the body and thus creating a barrier against the surrounding environment. It possesses many important functions and can be damaged by various mechanisms. The substitution of damaged skin, mainly in the treatment of deep extensive burns, represents a key challenge. Damaged skin can be replaced permanently by skin autografts, cultured autogenous and allogenic keratinocytes or by the combination of skin substitutes with in vitro cultured autologous keratinocytes. In this article the preparation method and the possible applications of cultured autologous and allogeneic keratinocytes are described; we have long experience of this issue at the Department of Burns and Reconstructive Surgery in the University Hospital Bratislava.
- MeSH
- keratinocyty transplantace MeSH
- kultivované buňky MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- popálení chirurgie MeSH
- umělá kůže MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
Gentiana lutea is a bitter herb that is traditionally used to improve gastric disorders. Recently, we have shown that Gentiana lutea extract (GE) also modulates the lipid metabolism of human keratinocytes in vitro and in vivo. In the present study, we investigated the role of GE on ceramide synthesis in human primary keratinocytes (HPKs) and psoriasis-like keratinocytes. We could demonstrate that GE increased the concentrations of glucosylceramides and the ceramide AS/AdS subclass without affecting the overall ceramide content in HPKs. The expression of ceramide synthase 3 (CERS3) and elongases (ELOVL1 and 4) was reduced in psoriasis lesions compared to healthy skin. Psoriasis-like HPKs, generated by stimulating HPKs with cytokines that are involved in the pathogenesis of psoriasis (IL-17, TNF-α, IL-22 and IFN-γ) showed increased levels of IL-6, IL-8 and increased expression of DEFB4A, as well as decreased expression of ELOVL4. The treatment with GE partly rescued the reduced expression of ELOVL4 in psoriasis-like HPKs and augmented CERS3 expression. This study has shown that GE modulates ceramide synthesis in keratinocytes. Therefore, GE might be a novel topical treatment for skin diseases with an altered lipid composition such as psoriasis.
- MeSH
- ceramidy metabolismus MeSH
- elongasy mastných kyselin genetika metabolismus MeSH
- Gentiana chemie MeSH
- keratinocyty cytologie účinky léků metabolismus MeSH
- kultivované buňky MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- membránové proteiny genetika metabolismus MeSH
- metabolismus lipidů účinky léků MeSH
- oční proteiny genetika metabolismus MeSH
- primární buněčná kultura MeSH
- psoriáza genetika metabolismus MeSH
- regulace genové exprese účinky léků MeSH
- rostlinné extrakty chemie farmakologie MeSH
- sfingosin-N-acyltransferasa genetika metabolismus MeSH
- studie případů a kontrol MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Balneotherapy is a modern and perspective method of treatment of some skin diseases. Enhanced proliferation of epidermal cells in psoriatic plaques can be influenced by many different procedures. The objective of the present work was to evaluate in vivo the effect of hydrogen sulphide water, which is used for balneotherapeutic procedures in 10 patients with chronic stationary psoriasis vulgaris. The authors investigated the receptor characteristics at keratinocytic binding sites in psoriatic plaques before the balneotherapeutic application of hydrogen sulphide water and after its termination. They found that this method of balneotherapy reduces the pathologically enlarged number of receptors for the epidermal growth factor on keratinocytes to a level which corresponds to findings in normal subjects. The described experiments can contribute to the explanation of favourable therapeutic effects of hydrogen sulphide water on reduced hyperproliferation of keratinocytes in the psoriatic epidermis and thus have a favourable effect on psoriatic changes.
Solar radiation can cause damage to the skin, leading to various adverse effects such as sunburn, reactive oxygen species production, inflammation, DNA damage, and photoaging. To study the potential of photoprotective agents, full-thickness skin models are increasingly being used as in vitro tools. One promising approach to photoprotection involves targeting the redox-sensitive transcription factor Nrf2, which is responsible for regulating various cellular defense mechanisms, including the antioxidant response, inflammatory signaling, and DNA repair. Obacunone, a natural triterpenoid, has been identified as a potent Nrf2 agonist. The present study aims to evaluate the relevance of full-thickness (FT) skin models in photoprotection studies and to explore the potential photoprotective effects of obacunone on those models and in human keratinocytes. Phenion® full-thickness skin models and keratinocytes were incubated with increasing concentrations of obacunone and irradiated with solar-simulated radiation (SSR). Various photodamage markers were evaluated, including histological integrity, oxidative stress, apoptosis, inflammation, photoaging-related dermal markers, and photocarcinogenesis markers. Increasing doses of SSR were found to modulate various biomarkers related to sun damage in the FT skin models. However, obacunone attenuated cytotoxicity, inflammation, oxidative stress, sunburn reaction, photoaging, and photocarcinogenesis in both keratinocytes and full thickness skin models exposed to SSR. These results suggest that obacunone may have potential as a photoprotective agent for preventing the harmful effects of solar radiation on the skin.
- MeSH
- faktor 2 související s NF-E2 genetika MeSH
- keratinocyty MeSH
- kůže patologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- radioprotektivní látky * farmakologie MeSH
- sluneční spáleniny * MeSH
- ultrafialové záření škodlivé účinky MeSH
- zánět prevence a kontrola patologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
... Eriksson 41 -- Keratinocyte Colony-Forming Cells as Determinants of the Transplantability of -- Human ... ... Boyce 60 -- Keratinocyte-Mediated Cell and Gene Therapy -- M. De Luca, L. Guerra, E. Dellambra, G. ... ... Woodward 107 -- The Role and Requirements of Dermis in Keratinocyte Grafting -- R. D. Price, I. M. ... ... Koupil 183 -- The Clinical Use of Cultured Keratinocyte Sheet Grafts: the Milan Experience -- L. ... ... Germann 256 -- Clinical Use of Cultured Keratinocytes -- R. L. ...
xxxi, 363 s. : il. ; 25 cm
- MeSH
- biomedicínské inženýrství MeSH
- keratinocyty MeSH
- techniky tkáňových kultur MeSH
- umělá kůže MeSH
- Publikační typ
- monografie MeSH
- Konspekt
- Patologie. Klinická medicína
- NLK Obory
- biomedicínské inženýrství
- dermatovenerologie
- transplantologie
Východisko: V moderní terapii chronických ulcerací dolních končetin se poslední dobou začalyuplatňovat i kultivované epidermální keratinocyty v podobě autograftů či alograftů. Použití kryoprezervovanýchalograftů v léčbě tohoto onemocnění sice hodnotí řada studií, v České republicevšak nejsou v současné době žádné klinické zkušenosti s použitím lyofilizovaných keratinocytův terapii ulcus cruris venosum.Cíl: Cílem projektu je srovnat účinnost kryoprezervovaných a lyofilizovaných kultivovanýchepidermálních alograftů (KEA) v léčbě ulcus cruris venosum.Materiál a metodika: U 20 pacientů s ulcus cruris venosum byly aplikovány na spodinu vředukultivované epidermální alografty (u 10 pacientů kryoprezervované - skupina I a u 10 lyofilizované- skupina II). Technika aplikace byla standardizována. Srovnávali jsme hojení vředů u obou skupin(rychlost hojení, planimetrické vyhodnocení).Výsledky: 9 pacientů ze skupiny I a 7 ze skupiny II se kompletně zhojilo do 3 měsíců (80 %).Průměrná doba hojení vředu byla 29,7 dnů (28,3 dne u skupiny I a 31,1 u skupiny II). Průměrnáplocha vředů před aplikací byla 10,13 cm2 (9,93 cm2 u skupiny I a 10,32 cm2 u skupiny II). Po 3měsících byla plocha redukována na 1,67 cm2 (1,34 cm2 ve skupině I a 1,99 cm2 ve skupině II).Závěr: Účinnost lyofilizovaných KEA v terapii ulcus cruris venosum je zcela srovnatelná s účinnostíkryoprezervovaných KEA. Lyofilizované alografty jsou proto výhodnější pro použití v praxi,protože se dají transportovat i uchovávat při pokojové teplotě, čímž jsou okamžitě k dispozicia značně se sníží finanční náklady.
Background: Application of cultured epidermal keratinocytes (in the form of autografts orallografts) took place in the modern therapy of chronic wounds. The use of cryopreserved allograftsin the therapy of leg ulcers is evaluated in some studies. But there are no clinical experiences withthe use of lyophilized allografts in this indication in our country yet.Objectives: The aim of the project is to compare the cryopreserved and lyophilized culturedepidermal allografts in the treatment of venous leg ulcers.Material and methods: 20 patients with venous leg ulcer were treated by cultured epidermalallografts (10 cryopreserved - group I and 10 lyophilized - group II). The technique of application wasstandardized. We compared the tendency to healing in both groups (healing rate, planimetricevaluation). Results: 9 patients in group I and 7 in group II were healed complety in 3 months (80 %). Themedium healing time was 29.7 days (28.3 in group I and 31.1 in group II). The average area of ulcerswas 10.13 cm2 before application (9.93 cm2 in group I and 10.32 cm2 in group II). After three monthsthe average area was 1.67 cm2 (1.34 cm2 in group I and 1.99 cm2 in group II).Conclusions: The therapeutic effect of lyophilized cultured epidermal allografts could be comparedwith therapeutic effect of cryopreserved ones. These results prefer application of lyophilizedkeratinocytes, because they could be stored and transported at room temperature and the cost ofthe therapy is lower.
