• MeSH
• ankylózující spondylitida genetika   imunologie   MeSH
• HLA-B27 antigen imunologie   MeSH

• Konspekt
• Lékařské vědy. Lékařství
• NLK Obory
• alergologie a imunologie
• ortopedie

• Publikační typ
• abstrakt z konference MeSH

• MeSH
• biologické markery MeSH
• transplantační imunologie MeSH
• Publikační typ
• sborníky MeSH

• Konspekt
• Patologie. Klinická medicína
• NLK Obory
• transplantologie
• alergologie a imunologie

'Tar bush' and 'creosote bush' were substrates of fungal cultivation for tannase production and gallic acid and pyrocatechol accumulation. Aspergillus niger GH1 grew similarly on both plant materials under solid state culture conditions, reaching maximal levels after 4 d. Fungal strain degraded all tannin content of creosote bush after 4 d of fermentation and >75 % of tar bush after 5 d. Higher level of tannase activity was detected in tar bush fermentation. Biotransformation of tannins to gallic acid was high (93 % in creosote bush and 89 % in tar bush). Pyrocatechol was released poorly. Kinetic parameters of tannin conversion were calculated.

• MeSH
• Aspergillus niger enzymologie   růst a vývoj   MeSH
• Asteraceae chemie   MeSH
• biotransformace MeSH
• buněčné kultury MeSH
• financování organizované MeSH
• karboxylesterhydrolasy biosyntéza   MeSH
• katecholy metabolismus   MeSH
• kinetika MeSH
• kultivační média metabolismus   MeSH
• kyselina gallová metabolismus   MeSH
• Larrea chemie   MeSH
• listy rostlin chemie   MeSH
• průmyslová mikrobiologie metody   MeSH
• taniny metabolismus   MeSH

Membrane rafts are microdomains of the plasma membrane that have multiple biological functions. The involvement of these structures in the biology of T cells, namely in signal transduction by the TCR, has been widely studied. However, the role of membrane rafts in immunoreceptor signaling in NK cells is less well known. We studied the distribution of the activating NKG2D receptor in lipid rafts by isolating DRMs in a sucrose density gradient or by raft fractionation by β-OG-selective solubility in the NKL cell line. We found that the NKG2D-DAP10 complex and pVav are recruited into rafts upon receptor stimulation. Qualitative proteomic analysis of these fractions showed that the actin cytoskeleton is involved in this process. In particular, we found that the actin-bundling protein L-plastin plays an important role in the clustering of NKG2D into lipid rafts. Moreover, coengagement of the inhibitory receptor NKG2A partially disrupted NKG2D recruitment into rafts. Furthermore, we demonstrated that L-plastin participates in NKG2D-mediated inhibition of NK cell chemotaxis.

• MeSH
• buněčná membrána účinky léků   metabolismus   MeSH
• buňky NK cytologie   metabolismus   MeSH
• centrifugace - gradient hustoty MeSH
• chemotaxe leukocytů fyziologie   MeSH
• detergenty farmakologie   MeSH
• kultivované buňky MeSH
• lektinové receptory NK-buněk - podrodina C metabolismus   MeSH
• lektinové receptory NK-buněk - podrodina K fyziologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• malá interferující RNA farmakologie   MeSH
• membránové mikrodomény účinky léků   fyziologie   MeSH
• mikrofilamenta fyziologie   MeSH
• mikrofilamentové proteiny antagonisté a inhibitory   genetika   fyziologie   MeSH
• multiproteinové komplexy MeSH
• proteom MeSH
• receptory imunologické metabolismus   MeSH
• RNA interference MeSH
• signální transdukce imunologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Clear cell tubulopapillary renal cell carcinoma (CCPRCC) is a recently described rare renal malignancy that displays characteristic gross, microscopic and immunohistochemical differences from other renal tumour types. However, CCPRCC remains a very poorly understood entity. We therefore sought to elucidate some of the molecular mechanisms involved in this neoplasm by carrying out targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS) to identify associated mutations, and in addition examined the expression of non-coding (nc) RNAs. We identified multiple somatic mutations in CCPRCC cases, including a recurrent [3/14 cases (21%)] non-synonymous T992I mutation in the MET proto-oncogene, a gene associated with epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Using a microarray approach, we found that the expression of mature (n = 1105) and pre-miRNAs (n = 1105), as well as snoRNA and scaRNAs (n = 2214), in CCPRCC cases differed from that of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (CCRCC) or papillary renal cell carcinoma (PRCC) tumours. Surprisingly, and unlike other renal tumour subtypes, we found that all five members of the miR-200 family were over-expressed in CCPRCC cases. As these miRNAs are intimately involved with EMT, we stained CCPRCC cases for E-cadherin, vimentin and β-catenin and found that the tumour cells of all cases were positive for all three markers, a combination rarely reported in other renal tumours that could have diagnostic implications. Taken together with the mutational analysis, these data suggest that EMT in CCPRCC tumour cells is incomplete or blocked, consistent with the indolent clinical course typical of this malignancy. In summary, as well as describing a novel pathological mechanism in renal carcinomas, this study adds to the mounting evidence that CCPRCC should be formally considered a distinct entity. Microarray data have been deposited in the GEO database [GEO accession number (GSE51554)].

• MeSH
• DNA nádorová chemie   genetika   MeSH
• epitelo-mezenchymální tranzice MeSH
• karcinom z renálních buněk genetika   patologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mikro RNA chemie   genetika   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• mutační analýza DNA MeSH
• nádorové biomarkery genetika   MeSH
• nádory ledvin genetika   patologie   MeSH
• následné studie MeSH
• nekódující RNA chemie   genetika   MeSH
• přežití po terapii bez příznaků nemoci MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• RNA nádorová genetika   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• sekvenční analýza DNA MeSH
• sekvenční analýza hybridizací s uspořádaným souborem oligonukleotidů MeSH
• shluková analýza MeSH
• stanovení celkové genové exprese MeSH
• vysoce účinné nukleotidové sekvenování MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

Nowadays, emerging radiolabeled nanosystems are revolutionizing medicine in terms of diagnostics, treatment, and theranostics. These radionuclides include polymeric nanoparticles (NPs), liposomal carriers, dendrimers, magnetic iron oxide NPs, silica NPs, carbon nanotubes, and inorganic metal-based nanoformulations. Between these nano-platforms, polymeric NPs have gained attention in the biomedical field due to their excellent properties, such as their surface to mass ratio, quantum properties, biodegradability, low toxicity, and ability to absorb and carry other molecules. In addition, NPs are capable of carrying high payloads of radionuclides which can be used for diagnostic, treatment, and theranostics depending on the radioactive material linked. The radiolabeling process of nanoparticles can be performed by direct or indirect labeling process. In both cases, the most appropriate must be selected in order to keep the targeting properties as preserved as possible. In addition, radionuclide therapy has the advantage of delivering a highly concentrated absorbed dose to the targeted tissue while sparing the surrounding healthy tissues. Said another way, radioactive polymeric NPs represent a promising prospect in the treatment and diagnostics of cardiovascular diseases such as cardiac ischemia, infectious diseases such as tuberculosis, and other type of cancer cells or tumors.

• MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nádory farmakoterapie   MeSH
• nanočástice chemie   MeSH
• nosiče léků chemie   MeSH
• polymery chemie   MeSH
• radionuklidy aplikace a dávkování   chemie   MeSH
• systémy cílené aplikace léků metody   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

Tubulocystic renal cell carcinoma (TC-RCC) is a rare recently described renal neoplasm characterized by gross, microscopic, and immunohistochemical differences from other renal tumor types and was recently classified as a distinct entity. However, this distinction remains controversial particularly because some genetic studies suggest a close relationship with papillary RCC (PRCC). The molecular basis of this disease remains largely unexplored. We therefore performed noncoding (nc) RNA/miRNA expression analysis and targeted next-generation sequencing mutational profiling on 13 TC-RCC cases (11 pure, two mixed TC-RCC/PRCC) and compared with other renal neoplasms. The expression profile of miRNAs and other ncRNAs in TC-RCC was distinct and validated 10 differentially expressed miRNAs by quantitative RT-PCR, including miR-155 and miR-34a, that were significantly down-regulated compared with PRCC cases (n = 22). With the use of targeted next-generation sequencing we identified mutations in 14 different genes, most frequently (>60% of TC-RCC cases) in ABL1 and PDFGRA genes. These mutations were present in <5% of clear cell RCC, PRCC, or chromophobe RCC cases (n > 600) of The Cancer Genome Atlas database. In summary, this study is by far the largest molecular study of TC-RCC cases and the first to investigate either ncRNA expression or their genomic profile. These results add molecular evidence that TC-RCC is indeed a distinct entity from PRCC and other renal neoplasms.

• MeSH
• diferenciální diagnóza MeSH
• karcinom z renálních buněk diagnóza   genetika   patologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mikro RNA genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• mutace genetika   MeSH
• nádory ledvin diagnóza   genetika   patologie   MeSH
• nekódující RNA genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• regulace genové exprese u nádorů * MeSH
• reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
• stanovení celkové genové exprese MeSH
• vysoce účinné nukleotidové sekvenování metody   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Epilepsy is both a disease of the brain and the mind. Here, we present the second of two papers with extended summaries of selected presentations of the Third International Congress on Epilepsy, Brain and Mind (April 3-5, 2014; Brno, Czech Republic). Humanistic, biologic, and therapeutic aspects of epilepsy, particularly those related to the mind, were discussed. The extended summaries provide current overviews of epilepsy, cognitive impairment, and treatment, including brain functional connectivity and functional organization; juvenile myoclonic epilepsy; cognitive problems in newly diagnosed epilepsy; SUDEP including studies on prevention and involvement of the serotoninergic system; aggression and antiepileptic drugs; body, mind, and brain, including pain, orientation, the "self-location", Gourmand syndrome, and obesity; euphoria, obsessions, and compulsions; and circumstantiality and psychiatric comorbidities.

• MeSH
• agrese psychologie   MeSH
• antikonvulziva terapeutické užití   MeSH
• bolest diagnóza   farmakoterapie   psychologie   MeSH
• epilepsie diagnóza   farmakoterapie   psychologie   MeSH
• internacionalita * MeSH
• kognitivní poruchy diagnóza   farmakoterapie   psychologie   MeSH
• kompulzivní chování diagnóza   farmakoterapie   psychologie   MeSH
• kongresy jako téma * trendy   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• metafyzické vztahy mezi duší a tělem * MeSH
• mozek patologie   patofyziologie   MeSH
• myoklonická epilepsie juvenilní diagnóza   farmakoterapie   psychologie   MeSH
• náhlá smrt prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

According to the updated International Myeloma Working Group criteria, smoldering multiple myeloma (SMM) is an asymptomatic plasma cell disorder characterized by an M-component >3 g/dL, bone marrow plasma cell infiltration >10% and <60%, and absence of any myeloma-defining event. Active multiple myeloma is preceded by SMM, with a median time to progression of approximately 5 years. Cases of SMM range from the extremes of "monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance-like", in which patients never progress during their lifetimes, to "early multiple myeloma", in which transformation into symptomatic disease, based on genomic evolution, may be rapid and devastating. Such a "split personality" makes the prognosis and management of individual patients challenging, particularly with regard to the identification and possible early treatment of high-risk SMM. Outside of clinical trials, the conventional approach to SMM generally remains close observation until progression to active multiple myeloma. However, two prospective, randomized trials have recently demonstrated a significant clinical benefit in terms of time to progression, and of overall survival in one of the two studies, for some patients with higher-risk SMM treated with lenalidomide ± dexamethasone, raising the question of whether such an approach should be considered a new standard of care. In this paper, experts from the European Myeloma Network describe current biological and clinical knowledge on SMM, focusing on novel insights into its molecular pathogenesis, new prognostic scoring systems proposed to identify SMM patients at higher risk of early transformation, and updated results of completed or ongoing clinical trials. Finally, some practical recommendations for the real-life management of these patients, based on Delphi consensus methodology, are provided.

• MeSH
• doutnající mnohočetný myelom * diagnóza   terapie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mnohočetný myelom * farmakoterapie   terapie   MeSH
• monoklonální gamapatie nejasného významu * diagnóza   terapie   MeSH
• progrese nemoci MeSH
• prospektivní studie MeSH
• rizikové faktory MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH