Peyer's patches Dotaz Zobrazit nápovědu
The purpose of this study was to analyze quantitatively the basal membrane porosity in the pig's small intestine. Materials and methods: Tissues of a pig (Sus scrofa f. domestica) were used. Epithelium was removed by 1% boric acid and the basal membrane was examined by scanning electron microscopy. The size and frequency of the pori were established in areas of 400 μm2. Results: The size of the basal membrane of pori on the villi was larger in Payer's Patches than in the normal mucosa. Their frequency had a downgrade in the course of the small intestine. Conclusions: The villi above Peyer's Patches were probably distinct from the villi of the normal mucosa both morphologically and functionally.
Based on studies of sheep, ileal Peyer's patches (IPP) have been regarded as a type of primary lymphoid tissue similar to the bursa of Fabricius in chicken. Because bursectomy results in B cell deficiency, we wondered whether resection of the IPP of piglets would have a similar effect. Comparison of IPP-resected, surgical shams and untreated germ-free piglets, all of which were later colonized with a defined commensal flora, demonstrated that resection of the IPP did not alter the level and phenotype of B and T cells in lymphoid tissues and the blood 10 wk after surgery. Additionally, colonization of IPP caused a shift from the fetal type of lymphocyte distribution to the adult type that is characterized by prevalence of B cells, with many of them representing IgA(+) switched B cells or displaying a more mature CD2(-)CD21(+) and CD2(-)CD21(-) phenotype. Moreover, colonization leads to appearance of effector CD4(+)CD8(+) αβ T helper and CD2(+)CD8(-) γδ T cells. Comparison of germ-free with colonized pigs and experiments utilizing surgical transposition of jejunal Peyer's patch into terminal ileum or construction of isolated ileal loops indicated that lymphocyte development in IPP is dependent on colonization. Although our studies confirmed higher mitotic and apoptotic rates in IPP, they failed to identify any cell populations that resemble developing B lineage cells in the bone marrow. These results indicate that porcine IPP are not required for systemic B cell generation or maintenance, but they are secondary lymphoid tissue that appears important in immune responses to colonizing bacteria.
- MeSH
- buněčná diferenciace imunologie MeSH
- buněčný rodokmen imunologie MeSH
- gnotobiologické modely MeSH
- ileum cytologie imunologie chirurgie MeSH
- lymfopoéza imunologie MeSH
- novorozená zvířata MeSH
- Peyerovy pláty cytologie imunologie chirurgie MeSH
- počet lymfocytů MeSH
- podskupiny B-lymfocytů cytologie imunologie metabolismus MeSH
- prasata MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. MeSH
- srovnávací studie MeSH
- MeSH
- cévy MeSH
- lymfoidní tkáň MeSH
- myši MeSH
- reakce štěpu proti hostiteli MeSH
- transplantační imunologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- myši MeSH
Three polysaccharide complexes (PSCs) were isolated from the aerial parts of common purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.), and the flowers of common lavender (Lavandula angustifolia Mill.) and silver linden (Tilia tomentosa Moench) by boiling water extraction and ethanol precipitation. The chemical composition and immunomodulating effects of isolated PSCs were characterized. The chemical characterization revealed that the three samples contain mainly pectic polysaccharides. They exhibited ex vivo intestinal immunomodulating activity through the murine Peyer's patch-mediated bone marrow cell proliferation test at 100μg/ml concentration. At the same time, they stimulated ex vivo human blood T-cell populations (CD4+/CD25+ and CD8+/CD25+), phagocytic leukocytes (CD14+ and CD64+ cells) and induced IL-6 production from human white blood cells and Peyer's patch cells. The herbal PSCs stimulated ex vivo ROS production from whole blood phagocytes and showed unspecific in vitro anti-proliferative activity against normal and A549, HeLa and LS180 tumor cells. This is the first report on immunomodulating studies of linden flower pectins and chemical and biological activity characterization of lavender polysaccharides. Our study demonstrates that similarly to purslane, lavender and silver linden herbal materials contain immunomodulating polysaccharides that could be useful for support of compromised immune system.
- MeSH
- adaptivní imunita účinky léků MeSH
- antitumorózní látky chemie farmakologie MeSH
- imunomodulace účinky léků MeSH
- koncentrace vodíkových iontů MeSH
- levandule chemie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- myši MeSH
- nádorové buněčné linie MeSH
- pektiny chemie MeSH
- Peyerovy pláty účinky léků imunologie MeSH
- polysacharidy chemie farmakologie MeSH
- Portulaca chemie MeSH
- přirozená imunita účinky léků MeSH
- Tilia chemie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- myši MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
The ileal Peyers patches (IPP) of newborn germfree (GF) piglets were isolated into blind loops and the piglets colonized with a defined probiotic microflora. After 5 weeks, IgA levels in the intestinal lavage (IL) of loop piglets remained at GF levels and IgM comprised ∼70% while in controls, IgA levels were elevated 5-fold and comprised ∼70% of total Igs. Loop piglets also had reduced serum IgA levels suggesting the source of serum IgA had been interrupted. The isotype profile for loop contents was intermediate between that in the IL of GF and probiotic controls. Surprisingly, colonization alone did not result in repertoire diversification in the IPP. Rather, colonization promoted pronounced proliferation of fully switched IgA(+)IgM(-) B cells in the IPP that supply early, non-diversified "natural" SIgA antibodies to the gut lumen and a primary IgA response in serum.
- MeSH
- aktivace lymfocytů MeSH
- B-lymfocyty fyziologie MeSH
- buněčná diferenciace MeSH
- gnotobiologické modely MeSH
- ileum imunologie MeSH
- imunoglobulin A sekreční genetika MeSH
- imunoglobulin M genetika MeSH
- imunologická paměť MeSH
- kultivované buňky MeSH
- novorozená zvířata MeSH
- Peyerovy pláty imunologie MeSH
- prasata imunologie MeSH
- přesmyk imunoglobulinových tříd MeSH
- probiotika aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- proliferace buněk MeSH
- rozmanitost protilátek MeSH
- střevní mikroflóra imunologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. MeSH
Aims: To compare the blood supply of the Peyer's patches in pigs with the already defined rodent one. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Pig tissue was used. Injections of india ink, microscopic examination of the histological preparations stained by a haematoxylin - eosin and scanning electron microscopy of the corrosive casts were used for the depiction of the vessels. RESULTS: A model of the blood microcirculation of PP and its relation to the blood circulation of the small intestine was created. Only the capillaries in the follicles, but not the ascending arterioles as in rats were found.
- MeSH
- mikrocirkulace MeSH
- Peyerovy pláty krevní zásobení MeSH
- Sus scrofa MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
