• MeSH
• morbidita MeSH
• odborná praxe MeSH
• počítačové komunikační sítě MeSH
• průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
• registrace MeSH
• zdraví MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Evropa MeSH

• MeSH
• hodnocení postupů (zdravotní péče) MeSH
• primární zdravotní péče MeSH
• reforma zdravotní péče MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Běloruská republika MeSH
• Slovenská republika MeSH
• Ukrajina MeSH

• MeSH
• chronická nemoc MeSH
• integrované poskytování zdravotní péče MeSH
• komorbidita MeSH
• péče orientovaná na pacienta metody   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• zprávy MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Evropa MeSH

• Konspekt
• Veřejné zdraví a hygiena
• NLK Obory
• veřejné zdravotnictví

• MeSH
• chronická nemoc MeSH
• péče orientovaná na pacienta MeSH
• souběh chronických nemocí MeSH
• Publikační typ
• zprávy MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Evropa MeSH

• Konspekt
• Veřejné zdraví a hygiena
• NLK Obory
• veřejné zdravotnictví

Cardio-metabolic diseases (CMD; cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, chronic kidney disease) represent a global public health problem. Worldwide, nearly half a billion people are currently diagnosed with diabetes, and cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death. Most of these diseases can be assuaged/prevented through behavior change. However, the best way to implement preventive interventions is unclear. We aim to fill this knowledge gap by creating an evidence-based and adaptable "toolbox" for the design and implementation of selective prevention initiatives (SPI) targeting CMD. We built our toolbox based on evidence from a pan-European research project on primary-care SPIs targeting CMD. The evidence includes (1) two systematic reviews and two surveys of patient and general practitioner barriers and facilitators of engaging with SPIs, (2) a consensus meeting with leading experts to establish optimal SPI design, and (3) a feasibility study of a generic, evidence-based primary-care SPI protocol in five European countries. Our results related primarily to the five different national health-care contexts from which we derived our data. On this basis, we generated 12 general recommendations for how best to design and implement CMD-SPIs in primary care. We supplement our recommendations with practical, evidence-based suggestions for how each recommendation might best be heeded. The toolbox is generic and adaptable to various national and systemic settings by clinicians and policy makers alike. However, our product needs to be kept up-to-date to be effective and we implore future research to add relevant tools as they are developed.

• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

The aim of this study is to identify potential facilitators and barriers for health care professionals to undertake selective prevention of cardiometabolic diseases (CMD) in primary health care. We developed a search string for Medline, Embase, Cinahl and PubMed. We also screened reference lists of relevant articles to retain barriers and facilitators for prevention of CMD. We found 19 qualitative studies, 7 quantitative studies and 2 mixed qualitative and quantitative studies. In terms of five overarching categories, the most frequently reported barriers and facilitators were as follows: Structural (barriers: time restraints, ineffective counselling and interventions, insufficient reimbursement and problems with guidelines; facilitators: feasible and effective counselling and interventions, sufficient assistance and support, adequate referral, and identification of obstacles), Organizational (barriers: general organizational problems, role of practice, insufficient IT support, communication problems within health teams and lack of support services, role of staff, lack of suitable appointment times; facilitators: structured practice, IT support, flexibility of counselling, sufficient logistic/practical support and cooperation with allied health staff/community resources, responsibility to offer and importance of prevention), Professional (barriers: insufficient counselling skills, lack of knowledge and of experience; facilitators: sufficient training, effective in motivating patients), Patient-related factors (barriers: low adherence, causes problems for patients; facilitators: strong GP-patient relationship, appreciation from patients), and Attitudinal (barriers: negative attitudes to prevention; facilitators: positive attitudes of importance of prevention). We identified several frequently reported barriers and facilitators for prevention of CMD, which may be used in designing future implementation and intervention studies.

• MeSH
• kardiovaskulární nemoci prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• kvalitativní výzkum MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• metabolické nemoci prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• postoj zdravotnického personálu MeSH
• primární zdravotní péče * MeSH
• služby preventivní péče metody   MeSH
• zdravotnický personál * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• systematický přehled MeSH

(1) Background: Cardiometabolic diseases are the most common cause of death worldwide. As part of a collaborative European study, this paper aims to explore the implementation of primary care selective-prevention services in five European countries. We assessed the implementation process of the selective-prevention services, participants' cardiometabolic profile and risk and participants' evaluation of the services, in terms of feasibility and impact in promoting a healthy lifestyle. (2) Methods: Eligible participants were primary care patients, 40-65 years of age, without any diagnosis of cardiometabolic disease. Two hundred patients were invited to participate per country. The extent to which participants adopted and completed the implementation of selective-prevention services was recorded. Patient demographics, lifestyle-related cardiometabolic risk factors and opinions on the implementation's feasibility were also collected. (3) Results: Acceptance rates varied from 19.5% (n = 39/200) in Sweden to 100% (n = 200/200) in the Czech Republic. Risk assessment completion rates ranged from 65.4% (n = 70/107) in Greece to 100% (n = 39/39) in Sweden. On a ten-point scale, the median (25-75% quartile) of participant-reported implementation feasibility ranged from 7.4 (6.9-7.8) in Greece to 9.2 (8.2-9.9) in Sweden. Willingness to change lifestyle exceeded 80% in all countries. (4) Conclusions: A substantial variation in the implementation of selective-prevention receptiveness and patient risk profile was observed among countries. Our findings suggest that the design and implementation of behavior change cardiometabolic programmes in each country should be informed by the local context and provide some background evidence towards this direction, which can be even more relevant during the current pandemic period.

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• kardiovaskulární nemoci * epidemiologie   prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• primární zdravotní péče * MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH
• Evropa MeSH
• Řecko MeSH
• Švédsko MeSH

Background: Selective prevention of cardiometabolic diseases (CMD)-that is, preventive measures specifically targeting the high-risk population-may represent the most effective approach for mitigating rising CMD rates. Objectives: To develop a universal concept of selective CMD prevention that can guide implementation within European primary care. Methods: Initially, 32 statements covering different aspects of selective CMD prevention programmes were identified based on a synthesis of evidence from two systematic literature reviews and surveys conducted within the SPIMEU project. The Rand/UCLA appropriateness method (RAM) was used to find consensus on these statements among an international panel consisting of 14 experts. Before the consensus meeting, statements were rated by the experts in a first round. In the next step, during a face-to-face meeting, experts were provided with the results of the first rating and were then invited to discuss and rescore the statements in a second round. Results: In the outcome of the RAM procedure, 28 of 31 statements were considered appropriate and three were rated uncertain. The panel deleted one statement. Selective CMD prevention was considered an effective approach for preventing CMD and a proactive approach was regarded as more effective compared to case-finding alone. The most efficient method to implement selective CMD prevention systematically in primary care relies on a stepwise approach: initial risk assessment followed by interventions if indicated. Conclusion: The final set of statements represents the key characteristics of selective CMD prevention and can serve as a guide for implementing selective prevention actions in European primary care.

• MeSH
• hodnocení rizik metody   MeSH
• kardiovaskulární nemoci prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• konsensus MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• metabolické nemoci prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• poskytování zdravotní péče organizace a řízení   MeSH
• primární zdravotní péče organizace a řízení   MeSH
• rizikové faktory MeSH
• služby preventivní péče organizace a řízení   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Evropa MeSH