- MeSH
- Child MeSH
- Environmental Health MeSH
- Cats MeSH
- Larva Migrans, Visceral MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Eye Manifestations MeSH
- Parasites classification parasitology pathogenicity MeSH
- Dogs MeSH
- Toxocara canis MeSH
- Toxocara * classification parasitology pathogenicity MeSH
- Toxocariasis diagnosis classification physiopathology transmission therapy MeSH
- Zoonoses MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Check Tag
- Child MeSH
- Cats MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Dogs MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- MeSH
- Ascaridoidea growth & development MeSH
- Helminthiasis parasitology MeSH
- Mice MeSH
- Zoonoses MeSH
- Check Tag
- Mice MeSH
A soil isolate of actinomycete, strain S-70, revealing presence of plasmid(s) was placed in the genus Streptomyces according to the wall composition and morphology. The toxicity of S-70 grown on two fermentation media, glucose-asparagine broth (GAB) and malt extract-yeast extract broth (MYE), against infective larvae of Toxocara canis was assessed. The use of mortality test has provided a sensitive and reproducible bioassay. The results suggest high larvicidal activity of the Streptomyces crude products examined being highly potent when using GAB culture medium.
- MeSH
- Analysis of Variance MeSH
- Bacterial Toxins isolation & purification pharmacology therapeutic use MeSH
- Biological Assay MeSH
- Culture Media MeSH
- Larva physiology MeSH
- Dog Diseases drug therapy parasitology MeSH
- Dogs MeSH
- Streptomyces chemistry physiology MeSH
- Toxocara drug effects physiology MeSH
- Toxocariasis drug therapy parasitology veterinary MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Check Tag
- Dogs MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
BACKGROUND: Larval toxocarosis is a zoonosis caused by larvae of Toxocara canis and T. cati, a gastrointestinal nematode of canids and felids, respectively. Diagnosis is usually performed by ELISA IgG using Toxocara excretory-secretory products as an antigen. Due to laboriousness of isolation of the products and subsequent process of standardization of antigenic compounds, routine use of this method is limited and can produce inaccurate diagnostical results. The purpose of this study was to discover new specific antigenic proteins that could be used in routine serological methods of larval toxocarosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Toxocara excretory-secretory products were collected and separated by SDS-PAGE. Proteins from the gel were electro-transferred to a membrane and incubated with mouse sera. Antigenic proteins were analyzed using the liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry approach. Selected proteins were prepared in recombinant form and tested with mice and human sera by ELISA and Western blot. RESULTS: A total of four recombinant protein antigens were prepared (rTc-TES-26, rTc-ASA, rTc-PDP, and rTc-ASP). They were analyzed by ELISA and Western blot using mice and human sera. For all sera, three of the four recombinant antigens correlated with Toxocara excretory-secretory products in ELISA analysis. By Western blot, the infection was confirmed in all experimentally infected mice and two out of seven human patients. CONCLUSION: Combination of the presented methods and analyses represents a possible method of effective identification of Toxocara protein antigens for the purpose of routine serodiagnosis.
Toxocara canis, a gastrointestinal parasite of canids, is also highly prevalent in many paratenic hosts, such as mice and humans. As with many other helminths, the infection is associated with immunomodulatory effects, which could affect other inflammatory conditions including autoimmune and allergic diseases. Here, we investigated the effect of T. canis infection on the course of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of multiple sclerosis. Mice infected with 2 doses of 100 T. canis L3 larvae 5 weeks prior to EAE induction (the Tc+EAE group) showed higher EAE clinical scores and greater weight loss compared to the non-infected group with induced EAE (the EAE group). Elevated concentrations of all measured serum cytokines (IL-1α, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17A, IFN-γ and TNF-α) were observed in the Tc+EAE group compared to the EAE group. In the CNS, the similar number of regulatory T cells (Tregs; CD4+FoxP3+Helios+) but their decreased proportion from total CD4+ cells was found in the Tc+EAE group compared to the EAE group. This could indicate that the group Tc+EAE harboured significantly more CD4+ T cells of non-Treg phenotype within the affected CNS. Altogether, our results demonstrate that infection of mice with T. canis worsens the course of subsequently induced EAE. Further studies are, therefore, urgently needed to reveal the underlying pathological mechanisms and to investigate possible risks for the human population, in which exposure to T. canis is frequent.
- MeSH
- CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes pathology MeSH
- Cytokines MeSH
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental * pathology MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Mice, Inbred C57BL MeSH
- Mice MeSH
- Multiple Sclerosis * pathology MeSH
- Toxocara canis * MeSH
- Toxocariasis * complications MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Mice MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
