envelope
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Infection of host cells with HIV-1 depends on a highly glycosylated virus envelope glycoprotein (Env) and host-cell receptors. Glycans participate substantially in Env folding and in the binding of virions to the host-cell surface and indirectly affect cellular uptake of HIV-1. Moreover, Env glycans could protect HIV-1 from host's neutralizing antibodies, but some glycans, on the other hand, represent targets for neutralizing antibodies. Variability of Env and its glycans in the HIV-1 strains from around the world as well as in patients during disease progression contributes substantially to further HIV-1 spreading in spite of the progress in basic HIV-1 research, vaccine development, and highly active antiretroviral therapy of HIV-1 infections.
- MeSH
- antigenní variace MeSH
- HIV infekce imunologie terapie virologie MeSH
- HIV-1 patogenita fyziologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- neutralizující protilátky MeSH
- polysacharidy imunologie metabolismus MeSH
- přichycení viru MeSH
- proteiny virového obalu imunologie metabolismus MeSH
- vakcíny proti AIDS MeSH
- virulence MeSH
- vysoce aktivní antiretrovirová terapie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
- Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural MeSH
Varies viral envelope proteins are formed by trimeric modules that are highly stable while anchored through the transmembrane domain in the virus membrane. Unfortunately, to raise vaccines against the whole viruses could lead to the production of antibodies against hijacked cellular proteins that can cause adverse effects. Therefore, pure protein preparations are used for vaccines production. It was found that the use of monomeric immunogens is insufficient in induction of neutralising antibodies. Protective antibodies were more often produced when trimeric ENV proteins were used. Here, we describe technical aspects of ENV proteins processing in host cells, the way to construct stable trimeric immunogens, and recent progress with construction of soluble trimers of ENV from Ebola, HIV, rabies, and influenza viruses.
- MeSH
- genové produkty env - virus lidské imunodeficience MeSH
- genové produkty env MeSH
- hemaglutininové glykoproteiny viru chřipky MeSH
- imunogenetické jevy MeSH
- lektiny vázající mannosu MeSH
- multimerizace proteinu * MeSH
- neutralizující protilátky MeSH
- proteinové inženýrství MeSH
- proteiny - lokalizační signály MeSH
- proteiny virového obalu * MeSH
- rekombinantní fúzní proteiny chemie MeSH
- rostlinné lektiny MeSH
- Saccharomyces cerevisiae - proteiny MeSH
- transkripční faktory bZIP MeSH
- virové vakcíny * chemie MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
