• MeSH
• cvičení MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• elektrická stimulace MeSH
• sporty MeSH
• svalová kontrakce MeSH
• svaly fyziologie   MeSH
• tělesná námaha MeSH
• tělesná výchova MeSH
• vývoj svalů MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH

• MeSH
• fyzikální vyšetření MeSH
• svaly fyziologie   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• příručky MeSH

• Konspekt
• Lékařské vědy. Lékařství
• NLK Obory
• ortopedie
• rehabilitační a fyzikální medicína

• Klíčová slova
• skok, svalový výkon, jumping mechanography, mechanografie, QCT, poskok na jedné noze,
• MeSH
• absorpční fotometrie MeSH
• antropometrie MeSH
• bérec fyziologie   MeSH
• biomechanika MeSH
• denzitometrie MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• elektrická impedance MeSH
• kosterní svaly * fyziologie   MeSH
• kosti a kostní tkáň fyziologie   MeSH
• kostní denzita * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• počítačová rentgenová tomografie MeSH
• pohyb fyziologie   MeSH
• pohybová aktivita * fyziologie   MeSH
• svalová síla - dynamometr MeSH
• svalová síla * fyziologie   MeSH
• tělesná námaha fyziologie   MeSH
• tělesná výkonnost fyziologie   MeSH
• zátěžový test * metody   přístrojové vybavení   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• Publikační typ
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

The present study compared the effects of 12 weeks of muscle power training performing one or three sets on muscle quality assessed by echo intensity (MQEI) and index (MQindex), muscle power-related outcomes, and functional capacity in older women. Participants were randomly assigned into two groups: 1SET (n = 13) and 3SET (n = 13). Lower limb muscle power and vertical jump height were measured during a countermovement jump, maximal rate of torque development (MRTD), and root mean square (RMS) of electromyography signals and rate of rise (RER) of quadriceps maximal electromyography activation during unilateral knee extension at 0-50 and 0-200 ms, MQEI, MQindex (absolute muscle power/MQEI, and MRTD/MQEI) and functionally in both groups using timed-up-and-go were evaluated before and after training. There were significant and similar (p < 0.05) increases in muscle power, vertical jump height, MQEI, MQindex, and functionally (p ≤ 0.0001) in both groups. In contrast, MRTD increased only in 1SET (p ≤ 0.001), and the RMS0-200 and RER0-50 increased for 3SET only (p ≤ 0.05), with no difference between groups (p > 0.05). In conclusion, similar neuromuscular adaptations and improvements in the functional performance occurred in both groups.

• MeSH
• čtyřhlavý sval stehenní fyziologie   MeSH
• elektromyografie MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• odporový trénink * MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• svalová síla * MeSH
• točivý moment MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• randomizované kontrolované studie MeSH

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY The evaluation of efficiency of power Doppler sonography in the diagnosis of lateral humeral enthesopathy, role of correct assessment of Doppler sonographic images with the method of quantitative analysis, assessment of statistical differences between a group of patients with lateral humeral enthesopathy and a control group of healthy subjects and assessment of the diagnostic power of this test. In addition, consideration of the relevance of each area of the lateral compartment for assessment and diagnosis making in lateral humeral enthesopathy. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 41 subjects, aged 18 to 60 years, entered the study. Thirteen patients were diagnosed with lateral humeral enthesopathy on the basis of clinical tests and a positive reaction of the lateral humeral epicondylus to administration of local anaesthetic. The control group consisted of 28 subjects without clinical signs of lateral humeral enthesopathy and subjective complaints. Power Doppler activity was evaluated in the whole region studied and in sub-regions involving the enthesis of the common extensor tendon and the periosteum of the lateral epicondyle with the area distal to it. The evaluation was based on calculating the overall surface with power Doppler activity using the method of quantitative image analysis. Each patient was measured on three occasions and the median of values obtained was used in calculation. To assess the diagnostic power of this test, all values obtained from the whole power Doppler region measured were used. The optimal dividing criterion at which the method had a maximum of sensitivity and specificity was determined. RESULTS The most evident, statistically significant difference between the patient and the control group was recorded in the whole "Range of Interest" (ROI) region (p=1.34x10-6). A significant difference was also found in sub-regions corresponding chiefly to the tendon of the extensor carpi radialis brevis muscle and to the periosteum of the lateral epicondyle (p=0.0043). On the other hand, no significant difference was recorded in the sub-region of the proximal common extensor tendon (p=0.066). A Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) was performed to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity for a colour representation of each power Doppler image (a cut-off level). Calculation of the diagnostic power of the test gave a value of 0.915 (p=0.05) below the ROC curve. The optimal marginal value, at which both sensitivity and specificity were highest, was determined to be 455 pixels (sensitivity, 80.5%; specificity, 93.8%). DISCUSSION Power Doppler sonography has already been investigated in view of its potential for the diagnosis of lateral humeral enthesopathy. The results, however, have so far been assessed chiefly categorially, based on the examining physician's opinion. The problematic step in the whole procedure is the technique of power Doppler examination. It is necessary to maintain a constant setting and an examination technique eliminating artefacts. When these conditions are met, the method has both high sensitivity and specificity. In addition, because of being non-invasive, the method is convenient for routine use. CONCLUSIONS Power Doppler sonography is a method convenient to confirm or exclude the diagnosis of lateral humeral enthesopathy. Our results showed its statistical significance and diagnostic power (sensitivity and specificity). In the future, the quantitative image analysis could become a valuable adjunct method of evaluation not only for power Doppler images. Key words: Doppler sonography, quantitative image analysis, lateral humeral enthesopathy.

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• entezopatie diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• humerus diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• ROC křivka MeSH
• senzitivita a specificita MeSH
• studie případů a kontrol MeSH
• ultrasonografie dopplerovská metody   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

• MeSH
• financování organizované MeSH
• kineziologie aplikovaná MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• pohyb fyziologie   MeSH
• svalová síla - dynamometr statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• svalová síla MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH

• MeSH
• bolest MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• elektrická stimulace MeSH
• elektroencefalografie MeSH
• finanční podpora výzkumu jako téma MeSH
• kosterní svaly fyziologie   zranění   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• prefrontální mozková kůra fyziologie   MeSH
• somatosenzorické evokované potenciály fyziologie   MeSH
• svalová kontrakce MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH

OBJECTIVE: Although hypogonadism and SHOX gene haploinsufficiency likely cause the decreased bone mineral density and increased fracture rate associated with Turner syndrome (TS), the exact mechanism remains unclear. We tested the hypothesis that muscle dysfunction in patients with TS contributes to increased fracture risk. The secondary aim was to determine whether menarche, hormone therapy duration, positive fracture history and genotype influence muscle function parameters in patients with TS. DESIGN: A cross-sectional study was conducted in a single university hospital referral centre between March 2012 and October 2013. PATIENTS: Sixty patients with TS (mean age of 13·7 ± 4·5 years) were compared to the control group of 432 healthy girls. MEASUREMENTS: A Leonardo Mechanograph(®) Ground Reaction Force Platform was used to assess muscle force (Fmax ) by the multiple one-legged hopping test and muscle power (Pmax ) by the single two-legged jump test. RESULTS: While the Fmax was normal (mean weight-specific Z-score of 0·11 ± 0·77, P = 0·27), the Pmax was decreased in patients with TS (Z-score of -0·93 ± 1·5, P < 0·001) compared with healthy controls. The muscle function parameters were not significantly influenced by menarcheal stage, hormone therapy duration, fracture history or genotype (linear regression adjusted for age, weight and height; P > 0·05 for all). CONCLUSION: Fmax , a principal determinant of bone strength, is normal in patients with TS. Previously described changes in bone quality and structure in TS are thus not likely related to inadequate mechanical loading but rather represent a primary bone deficit. A decreased Pmax indicates impaired muscle coordination in patients with TS.

• MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• kosti a kostní tkáň patofyziologie   MeSH
• kostní denzita fyziologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• nemoci svalů etiologie   patofyziologie   MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• průřezové studie MeSH
• svalová kontrakce fyziologie   MeSH
• svalová síla fyziologie   MeSH
• Turnerův syndrom komplikace   patofyziologie   MeSH
• zátěžový test MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• klinické zkoušky kontrolované MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

In this study, we have determined power output reached at maximal oxygen uptake during incremental cycling exercise (PI, max) performed at low and at high pedaling rates in nineteen untrained men with various myosin heavy chain composition (MyHC) in the vastus lateralis muscle. On separate days, subjects performed two incremental exercise tests until exhaustion at 60 rev . min-1 and at 120 rev . min-1. In the studied group of subjects PI, max reached during cycling at 60 rev . min-1 was significantly higher (p=0.0001) than that at 120 rev . min-1 (287±29 vs. 215±42 W, respectively for 60 and 120 rev . min-1). For further comparisons, two groups of subjects (n=6, each) were selected according to MyHC composition in the vastus lateralis muscle: group H with higher MyHC II content (56.8±2.79 %) and group L with lower MyHC II content in this muscle (28.6±5.8 %). PI, max reached during cycling performed at 60 rev . min-1 in group H was significantly lower than in group L (p=0.03). However, during cycling at 120 rev . min-1, there was no significant difference in PI, max reached by both groups of subjects (p=0.38). Moreover, oxygen uptake (VO2), blood hydrogen ion [H+], plasma lactate [La-] and ammonia [NH3] concentrations determined at the four highest power outputs completed during the incremental cycling performed at 60 as well as 120 rev . min-1, in the group H were significantly higher than in group L. We have concluded that during an incremental exercise performed at low pedaling rates the subjects with lower content of MyHC II in the vastus lateralis muscle possess greater power generating capabilities than the subjects with higher content of MyHC II. Surprisingly, at high pedaling rate, power generating capabilities in the subjects with higher MyHC II content in the vastus lateralis muscle did not differ from those found in the subjects with lower content of MyHC II in this muscle, despite higher blood [H+], [La-] and [NH3] concentrations. This indicates that at high pedaling rates the subjects with higher percentage of MyHC II in the vastus lateralis muscle perform relatively better than the subjects with lower percentage of MyHC II in this muscle.

• Klíčová slova
• Cycling, Myosin heavy chain isoforms, Muscle fatigue, Oxygen uptake,
• MeSH
• amoniak krev   MeSH
• časové faktory MeSH
• čtyřhlavý sval stehenní metabolismus   MeSH
• cvičení MeSH
• cyklistika MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• financování organizované MeSH
• hydrogenuhličitany krev   MeSH
• koncentrace vodíkových iontů MeSH
• kyselina mléčná krev   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• spotřeba kyslíku MeSH
• svalová kontrakce MeSH
• svalová síla MeSH
• svalová únava MeSH
• těžké řetězce myosinu metabolismus   MeSH
• výměna plynů v plicích MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH

BACKGROUND: The anthropometric characteristics of adolescent basketball athletes can determine their ability to produce muscle power. Lack of physical activity (PA) level or an increased sedentary life seem to be associated with the overall health status and the occurrence of knee injuries. The aim of this paper was to identify possible correlations between anthropometric characteristics, body composition, exposure time to electronic devices or screen time (ST), and PA level along with muscle power and dynamic knee valgus (DKV) in young basketball athletes. METHODS: Anthropometric and demographic characteristics were recorded. PA level was assessed through the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, and ST was assessed through a single question from the HELENA study. The Counter Movement Jump test was used for the evaluation of the lower limb muscle power, while the Single Leg Drop Jump test was used for the evaluation of the DKV via two-dimensional (2D) kinematic analysis. RESULTS: One hundred twenty-five adolescent basketball athletes (66.4% boys), 12 to 17 years old (13.94±1.58 years) participated. The Pearson index showed a statistically significant positive correlation between muscle power and height (r=0.788, P<0.001), while the Spearman Index showed a more minor but equally statistically significant positive correlation with Body Mass Index (rs=0.651, P<0.001) and age (rs=0.579, P<0.001). The ST (rs= -0.194, P=0.03) showed a weak negative correlation with DKV, while PA (r=0.85, P<0.001) showed a high, statistically significant, positive correlation. CONCLUSIONS: A high level of PA could play a key role in compensating and thus reducing the negative effects of high exposure to ST on the DKV.

• MeSH
• antropometrie MeSH
• basketbal * fyziologie   MeSH
• biomechanika MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• dolní končetina * fyziologie   MeSH
• index tělesné hmotnosti MeSH
• kolenní kloub fyziologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• pohyb fyziologie   MeSH
• složení těla fyziologie   MeSH
• svalová síla * fyziologie   MeSH
• tělesná výška MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH