nanofibers
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The purpose of this review was to present basic forms of fibrous nanoparticles and the methods of their preparation. Particularly nanofibers in the form of threads, such as flat-surface structures or 3D wadding, were discussed. The most common methods for their preparation are electrospinning, melt-blowing, drawing, template synthesis and phase separation. Out of them, only the first two mentioned might be referred to as applicable in technology. Special attention was paid to the introduction of biocompatible and biodegradable nanofibers. These properties are understood as essential regarding the frequently discussed toxicological aspects of wide use of various nanostructures. There are few materials which are assumed to fulfil requirements for biocompatibility and biodegradability. The nanofibers produced from natural biopolymers, such as collagen, gelatin and cellulose, are compared with nanofibers of synthetic origin such as poly(glycolic acid) and poly(?-caprolactone).
Tissue engineering is an interdisciplinary field that uses a combination of cells, suitable biomaterials and bioactive molecules to engineer the desired tissue and restore lost function. These principles have quickly begun to spread to the therapy of multiple diseases, including depigmentation disorders. The most common depigmentation disorder is vitiligo, a disease with deep psychosocial implications. Thanks to their unique properties, electrospun polymeric nanofibers represent a material suitable for tissue engineering applications. Furthermore, they may be functionalized with platelets, cells that contain a wide spectrum of growth factors and chemokines. The aim of this paper was to evaluate the functionalization of polymeric nanofibers with platelets and their effects in melanocyte culture. The scaffolds were visualized using scanning electron microscopy, the metabolic activity and proliferation of melanocytes was determined using MTS assay and dsDNA quantification, respectively. Furthermore, the melanocytes were stained and visualized using confocal microscopy. The acquired data showed that poly-ε-caprolactone functionalized with platelets promoted the viability and proliferation of melanocytes. According to the results, such a functionalized scaffold combining nanofibers and platelets may be suitable for melanocyte culture.
- MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nanovlákna MeSH
- tkáňové inženýrství * MeSH
- trombocyty MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
A wide range of drug-delivery systems are currently attracting the attention of researchers. Nanofibers are very interesting carriers for drug delivery. This is because nanofibers are versatile, flexible, nanobiomimetic and similar to extracellular matrix components, possible to be functionalized both on their surface as well as in their core, and also because they can be produced easily and cost effectively. There have been increasing attempts to use nanofibers in the construction of a range of tissues, including cartilage and bone. Nanofibers have also been favorably engaged as a drug-delivery system in cell-free scaffolds. This short overview is devoted to current applications and to further perspectives of nanofibers as drug-delivery devices in the field of cartilage and bone regeneration, and also in osteochondral reconstruction.
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- chrupavka cytologie MeSH
- lékové transportní systémy metody MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nanovlákna chemie MeSH
- regenerace kostí fyziologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
The creation of an antibacterial material with triggerable properties enables us to avoid the overuse or misuse of antibacterial substances and, thus, prevent the emergence of resistant bacterial strains. As a potential light-activated antibacterial material, polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) nanofibers doped with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and meso-tetraphenylporphyrin (TPP) were prepared by electrospinning. TPP was chosen as an effectively reactive oxygen species (ROS) producer. Antibacterial tests on Staphylococcus epidermidis (S. epidermidis) and Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) showed the excellent light-triggerable antibacterial activity of the doped materials. Upon light irradiation at the wavelength corresponding to the TPP absorption peak (405nm), antibacterial activity dramatically increased, mostly due to the release of AgNPs from the polymer matrix. Furthermore, under prolonged light irradiation, the AgNPs/TPP/PMMA nanofibers, displayed enhanced longevity and photothermal stability. Thus, our results suggest that the proposed material is a promising option for the photodynamic inactivation of bacteria.
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- antibakteriální látky chemie MeSH
- Enterococcus faecalis růst a vývoj MeSH
- kovové nanočástice chemie ultrastruktura MeSH
- nanovlákna chemie ultrastruktura MeSH
- polymethylmethakrylát chemie MeSH
- Staphylococcus epidermidis růst a vývoj MeSH
- stříbro chemie MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
The breakdown of intestinal anastomosis is a serious postsurgical complication. The worst complication is anastomotic leakage, resulting in contaminated peritoneal cavity, sepsis, multi-organ failure and even death. In problematic locations like the rectum, the leakage rate has not yet fallen below 10 %. Such a life-threatening condition is the result of impaired healing in the anastomotic wound. It is still vital to find innovative strategies and techniques in order to support regeneration of the anastomotic wound. This paper reviews the surgical techniques and biomaterials used, tested or published. Electrospun nanofibers are introduced as a novel and potential material in gastrointestinal surgery. Nanofibers possess several, unique, physical and chemical properties, that may effectively stimulate cell proliferation and collagen production; a key requirement for the healed intestinal wound.
This article describes the characterization and application of collagenase-based chitosan nanofiber membranes with rat burns. Electrospun chitosan nanofibers were functionalized with clostridial collagenase using carbodiimide chemistry. The immobilized collagenase was characterized by enzyme activity, kinetic constants, and dry storage stability measurements using a Pz-peptide substrate. The apparent kinetic constants KM and Vmax of immobilized collagenase showed a high affinity for the peptide substrate compared to the free enzyme. Drying of chitosan membranes with immobilized collagenase ensured 98 % stability of enzyme activity after rehydration. The effect of collagenase immobilized on chitosan nanofibers on the burn of the rat model was compared with a control treatment with chitosan nanofibers. The healing of the wound with both materials was terminated after 30 days at the same time, although the collagenase wound healed more rapidly during healing. The scar area size after the application of collagenase-containing chitosan nanofiber membranes was 31.6 % smaller than when only chitosan nanofibers were used.
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- chitosan terapeutické užití MeSH
- Clostridium histolyticum MeSH
- enzymy imobilizované MeSH
- hojení ran * účinky léků MeSH
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- kůže zranění MeSH
- mikrobiální kolagenasa * metabolismus terapeutické užití MeSH
- nanovlákna terapeutické užití MeSH
- pilotní projekty MeSH
- rány a poranění farmakoterapie patologie MeSH
- stabilita enzymů MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
Over the last few years, the electrospinning technique has attracted significant attention for the production of novel nanofibrous materials. At the same time, the use of graphene oxide and the natural products extracted from plants and/or trees have become very popular in various fields of science. In this work, a new method for the production of nanofibers based on a combination of Gum Arabic (GA), as a natural tree gum exudate, PVA, as an environmentally-friendly stabilizer, and graphene oxide (GO) has been developed and characterized. SEM analysis showed fundamental differences on the surface of bare nanofibers with and without GO, and also significantly smaller fiber diameters in the case of the presence of GO (fibers <100 nm present). Raman spectroscopy confirmed and TGA analysis approximated the content of GO in the nanofibers. Adsorption of methylene blue on the produced nanofibrous membrane was about 50% higher in the presence of GO, which opens the possibility to use GO/GA/PVA fibers in several applications, for example for the removal of dyes.
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- adsorpce MeSH
- arabská guma chemie MeSH
- chemické látky znečišťující vodu izolace a purifikace MeSH
- elektrochemické techniky MeSH
- grafit chemie MeSH
- kinetika MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- methylenová modř izolace a purifikace MeSH
- nanovlákna chemie ultrastruktura MeSH
- polyvinyly chemie MeSH
- velikost částic MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Titania nanofibers were fabricated using the industrial Nanospider(TM) technology. The preparative protocol was optimized by screening various precursor materials to get pure anatase nanofibers. Composite films were prepared by mixing a commercial paste of nanocrystalline anatase particles with the electrospun nanofibers, which were shortened by milling. The composite films were sensitized by Ru-bipyridine dye (coded C106) and the solar conversion efficiency was tested in a dye-sensitized solar cell filled with iodide-based electrolyte solution (coded Z960). The solar conversion efficiency of a solar cell with the optimized composite electrode (η = 7.53% at AM 1.5 irradiation) outperforms that of a solar cell with pure nanoparticle film (η = 5.44%). Still larger improvement was found for lower light intensities. At 10% sun illumination, the best composite electrode showed η = 7.04%, referenced to that of pure nanoparticle film (η = 4.69%). There are non-monotonic relations between the film's surface area, dye sorption capacity and solar performance of nanofiber-containing composite films, but the beneficial effect of the nanofiber morphology for enhancement of the solar efficiency has been demonstrated.
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- 2,2'-dipyridyl analogy a deriváty chemie MeSH
- barvicí látky chemie MeSH
- elektrody MeSH
- elektrolyty chemie MeSH
- nanočástice chemie MeSH
- nanovlákna chemie ultrastruktura MeSH
- organokovové sloučeniny chemie MeSH
- polymery chemie MeSH
- sluneční energie * MeSH
- titan chemie MeSH
- zdroje elektrické energie * MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Smart antimicrobial materials with on-demand drug release are highly desired for biomedical applications. Herein, we report about temperature-responsive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) nanospheres doped with crystal violet (CV) and incorporated into the poly-l-lactide (PLLA) nanofibers. The nanofibers were prepared by electrospinning, using different initial polymers ratios. The morphology of the nanofibers and polymers distribution in the nanofibers were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The interaction between PNIPAM and PLLA in the nanofibers was studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and its effect on the PNIPAM phase transition was also investigated. It was shown that by the changing of the environmental temperature across the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of PNIPAM, the switchable wettability and controlled CV release can be achieved. The temperature-dependent release kinetics of CV from polymer nanofibers was investigated by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis). The temperature-responsive release of antibacterial CV was also tested for triggering of antibacterial activity, which was examined on Staphylococcus epidermidis (S. epidermidis) and Escherichia coli (E. coli). Thus, the proposed material is promising value for controllable drug-release.
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- akrylové pryskyřice chemie MeSH
- antiinfekční látky lokální chemie metabolismus farmakologie MeSH
- Escherichia coli účinky léků MeSH
- genciánová violeť chemie metabolismus farmakologie MeSH
- mikroskopie atomárních sil MeSH
- mikroskopie elektronová rastrovací MeSH
- nanovlákna chemie MeSH
- nosiče léků chemie MeSH
- polyestery chemie MeSH
- smáčivost MeSH
- spektroskopie infračervená s Fourierovou transformací MeSH
- Staphylococcus epidermidis účinky léků MeSH
- teplota MeSH
- uvolňování léčiv MeSH
- změna skupenství MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
