poly(ethylene oxide)
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Coassembly behavior of the double hydrophilic block copolymer poly(4-hydroxystyrene)-block-poly(ethylene oxide) (PHOS-PEO) with three amphiphilic phenylboronic acids (PBA) differing in hydrophobicity, 4-dodecyloxyphenylboronic acid (C12), 4-octyloxyphenylboronic acid (C8), and 4-isobutoxyphenylboronic acid (i-Bu) was studied in alkaline aqueous solutions and in mixtures of NaOHaq/THF by spin-echo (1)H NMR spectroscopy, dynamic and electrophoretic light scattering, and SAXS. The study reveals that only the coassembly of C12 with PHOS-PEO provides spherical nanoparticles with intermixed PHOS and PEO blocks, containing densely packed C12 micelles. NMR measurements have shown that spatial proximity of PHOS-PEO and C12 leads to the formation of ester bonds between -OH of PHOS block and hydroxyl groups of -B(OH)2. Due to the presence of PBA moieties, the release of compounds with 1,2- or 1,3-dihydroxy groups loaded in the coassembled PHOS-PEO/PBA nanoparticles by covalent binding to PBA can be triggered by addition of a surplus of glucose that bind to PBA competitively. The latter feature has been confirmed by fluorescence measurements using Alizarin Red as a model compound. Nanoparticles were proved to exhibit swelling in response to glucose as detected by light scattering.
- MeSH
- anthrachinony chemie MeSH
- fenoly chemie MeSH
- glukosa chemie MeSH
- inzulin chemie MeSH
- kinetika MeSH
- kyseliny boronové chemie MeSH
- léky s prodlouženým účinkem MeSH
- micely MeSH
- nanočástice chemie ultrastruktura MeSH
- polyethylenglykoly chemie MeSH
- polymerizace MeSH
- roztoky MeSH
- uvolňování léčiv MeSH
- voda MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Protein-repulsive surfaces modified with ligands for cell adhesion receptors have been widely developed for controlling the cell adhesion and growth in tissue engineering. However, the question of matrix production and deposition by cells on these surfaces has rarely been addressed. In this study, protein-repulsive polydopamine-poly(ethylene oxide) (PDA-PEO) surfaces were functionalized with an RGD-containing peptide (RGD), with a collagen-derived peptide binding fibronectin (Col), or by a combination of these peptides (RGD + Col, ratio 1:1) in concentrations of 90 fmol/cm(2) and 700 fmol/cm(2) for each peptide type. When seeded with vascular endothelial CPAE cells, the PDA-PEO surfaces proved to be completely non-adhesive for cells. On surfaces with lower peptide concentrations and from days 1 to 3 after seeding, cell adhesion and growth was restored practically only on the RGD-modified surface. However, from days 3 to 7, cell adhesion and growth was improved on surfaces modified with Col and with RGD + Col. At higher peptide concentrations, the cell adhesion and growth was markedly improved on all peptide-modified surfaces in both culture intervals. However, the collagen-derived peptide did not increase the expression of fibronectin in the cells. The deposition of fibronectin on the material surface was generally very low and similar on all peptide-modified surfaces. Nevertheless, the RGD + Col surfaces exhibited the highest cell adhesion stability under a dynamic load, which correlated with the highest expression of talin and vinculin in the cells on these surfaces. A combination of RGD + Col therefore seems to be the most promising for surface modification of biomaterials, e.g. vascular prostheses.
- MeSH
- adsorpce MeSH
- biomimetika * MeSH
- buněčná adheze * MeSH
- exprese genu MeSH
- fibronektiny chemie genetika MeSH
- indoly chemie MeSH
- kultivované buňky MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- molekulární sekvence - údaje MeSH
- oligopeptidy chemie MeSH
- polyethylenglykoly chemie MeSH
- polymery chemie MeSH
- povrchové vlastnosti MeSH
- sekvence aminokyselin MeSH
- talin genetika MeSH
- vinkulin genetika MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Poly(2-alkyl-2-oxazoline)s (PAOx) represent a class of emerging polymers that can substitute or even outperform poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) standard in various applications. Despite the great advances in PAOx research, there is still a gap in the direct experimental comparison of antifouling properties between PAOx and the golden standard PEO when exposed to blood. Motivated by this, we developed a straightforward protocol for the one-pot PAOx polymerization and surface coating by a "grafting to-" approach. First, we synthesized a library of hydrophilic poly(2-methyl-2-oxazoline)s (PMeOx) and poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline)s (PEtOx) with molar mass ranging from 1.5 to 10 kg/mol (DP = 16-115). The PAOx living chains were directly terminated by amine and hydroxyl groups of polydopamine (PDA) anchor layer providing the highest so far reported grafting densities ranging from 0.2 to 2.1 chains/nm2. In parallel, PEO chains providing the same degree of polymerization (molar mass from 1.2 to 5 kg/mol, DP = 28-116) bearing thiol groups were grafted to PDA. The thickness, surface-related parameters, covalent structure, and antifouling properties of the resulting polymer brushes were determined via various surface sensitive techniques. The comparison of the synthesized PAOx and PEO brushes led us to the conclusion that at the same surface-related parameters, PMeOx brushes show significantly better antifouling character when challenged against human blood plasma.
- MeSH
- hydrofobní a hydrofilní interakce účinky léků MeSH
- krevní plazma účinky léků MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- molekulová hmotnost MeSH
- oxazoly chemická syntéza chemie farmakologie MeSH
- polyaminy chemická syntéza chemie farmakologie MeSH
- polyethylenglykoly chemická syntéza chemie farmakologie MeSH
- polymerizace MeSH
- polymery chemická syntéza chemie farmakologie MeSH
- povrchové vlastnosti účinky léků MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Polymeric drug carriers exhibit excellent properties that advance drug delivery systems. In particular, carriers based on poly(ethylene oxide)-block-poly(ε-caprolactone) are very useful in pharmacokinetics. In addition to their proven biocompatibility, there are several requirements for the efficacy of the polymeric drug carriers after internalization, e.g., nanoparticle behavior, cellular uptake, the rate of degradation, and cellular localization. The introduction of γ-butyrolactone units into the hydrophobic block enables the tuning of the abovementioned properties over a wide range. In this study, a relatively high content of γ-butyrolactone units with a reasonable yield of ≈60% is achieved by anionic ring-opening copolymerization using 1,5,7-triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene as a very efficient catalyst in the nonpolar environment of toluene with an incorporated γ-butyrolactone content of ≈30%. The content of γ-butyrolactone units can be easily modulated according to the feed ratio of the monomers. This method enables control over the rate of degradation so that when the content of γ-butyrolactone increases, the rate of degradation increases. These findings broaden the application possibilities of polyester-polyether-based nanoparticles for biomedical applications, such as drug delivery systems.
- MeSH
- buněčná smrt MeSH
- buněčné linie MeSH
- gama-butyrolakton chemická syntéza chemie MeSH
- intracelulární prostor metabolismus MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- myši MeSH
- nanočástice chemie ultrastruktura MeSH
- nosiče léků chemie MeSH
- polyestery chemická syntéza chemie MeSH
- polyethylenglykoly chemická syntéza chemie MeSH
- polymerizace * MeSH
- protonová magnetická rezonanční spektroskopie MeSH
- viabilita buněk MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- myši MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
The additive manufacturing technique of direct laser writing by two-photon polymerization (2PP-DLW) enables the fabrication of three-dimensional microstructures with superior accuracy and flexibility. When combined with biomimetic hydrogel materials, 2PP-DLW can be used to recreate the microarchitectures of the extracellular matrix. However, there are currently only a limited number of hydrogels applicable for 2PP-DLW. In order to widen the selection of synthetic biodegradable hydrogels, in this work we studied the 2PP-DLW of methacryloylated and acryloylated poly(α-amino acid)s (poly(AA)s). The performance of these materials was compared to widely used poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylates (PEGdas) in terms of polymerization and damage thresholds, voxel size, line width, post-polymerization swelling and deformation. We found that both methacryloylated and acryloylated poly(AA) hydrogels are suitable to 2PP-DLW with a wider processing window than PEGdas. The poly(AA) with the highest degree of acryloylation showed the greatest potential for 3D microfabrication.
Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) is a US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved polymer used in humans in the forms of resorbable sutures, drug carriers, and bone regeneration materials. Recently, PLGA-based conjugates have been extensively investigated for cancer, which is the second leading cause of death globally. This article presents an account of the literature on PLGA-based conjugates, focusing on their chemistries, biological activity, and functions as targeted drug carriers or sustained drug controllers for common cancers (e.g., breast, prostate, and lung cancers). The preparation and drug encapsulation of PLGA nanoparticles and folate-decorated poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (FA-PEG-PLGA) conjugates are discussed, along with several representative examples. Particularly, the reactions used for preparing drug-conjugated PLGA and FA-PEG-PLGA are emphasized, with the associated chemistries involved in the formation of structures and their biocompatibility with internal organs. This review provides a deeper understanding of the constituents and interactions of PLGA-conjugated materials to ensure successful conjugation in PLGA material design and the subsequent biomedical applications.
- MeSH
- kopolymer kyseliny glykolové a mléčné MeSH
- kyselina listová chemie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nádory * MeSH
- nanočástice * chemie MeSH
- nosiče léků chemie MeSH
- polyethylenglykoly chemie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Spojené státy americké MeSH
Polymer layers capable of suppressing protein adsorption from biological media while presenting extracellular matrix-derived peptide motifs offer valuable new options for biomimetic surface engineering. Herein, we provide detailed insights into physicochemical changes induced in a nonfouling poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) brush/polydopamine (PDA) system by incorporation of adhesion ligand (RGD) peptides. Brushes with high surface chain densities (σ ≥ 0.5 chains·nm-2) and pronounced hydrophilicity (water contact angles ≤ 10°) were prepared by end-tethering of heterobifunctional PEOs ( Mn ≈ 20 000 g·mol-1) to PDA-modified surfaces from a reactive melt. Using alkyne distal end group on the PEO chains, azidopentanoic-bearing peptides were coupled through a copper-catalyzed Huisgen azide-alkyne "click" cycloaddition reaction. The surface concentration of RGD was tuned from complete saturation of the PEO surface with peptides (1.7 × 105 fmol·cm-2) to values which may induce distinct differences in cell adhesion (<6.0 × 102 fmol·cm-2). Infrared reflection-absorption and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopies proved the PDA-PEO layers covalent structure and the immobilization of RGD peptides. The complete reconstruction of experimental electrohydrodynamics data utilizing mean-field theory predictions further verified the attained brush structure of the end-tethered PEO chains which provided hydrodynamic screening of the PDA anchor. Increasing the surface concentration of immobilized RGD peptides led to increased interfacial charging. Supported by simulations, this observation was attributed to the ionization of functional groups in the amino acid sequence and to the pH-dependent adsorption of water ions (OH- > H3O+) from the electrolyte. Despite the distinct differences observed in the electrokinetic analysis of the surfaces bearing different amounts of RGD, it was found that the peptide presence on PEO(20 000)-PDA layers does not have a significant effect on the nonfouling properties of the system. Notably, the presented PEO(20 000)-PDA layers bearing RGD peptides in the surface concentration range 5.9 to 1.7 × 105 fmol·cm-2 reduced the protein adsorption from fetal bovine serum to less than 30 ng·cm-2, that is, values comparable to the ones obtained for pristine PEO(20 000)-PDA layers.000)-PDA layers bearing RGD peptides in the surface concentration range 5.9 to 1.7 x 10
The present paper deals with the preparation and characterization of a conjugate of isoniazid (INH) with the block copolymer methoxypoly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(L-lysine) (mPEG-b-PLL). The structure of the conjugate (mPEG-b-PLL-INH) was verified by means of (1)H NMR, GPC, infrared spectroscopy, elemental analysis and powder X-ray diffraction. The conjugate contains six l-lysine units with five INH molecules, which are attached by means of pH-sensitive amidine bond. Under in vitro conditions, the conjugate is hydrolyzed and isoniazid is released (pH 4; 37 °C; t(1/2) ≈ 10 h).
